See tarkhan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for tarkhan meaning in English (4.2kB)
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"etymology_text": "Uncertain; perhaps Iranian or Mongolic. Ligeti (1975) and Doerfer (1985) rejected Turkic etymology, both pointing to tarkhan's obviously non-Turkic plural form tarkhat. See the Wikipedia page for more information.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tarkhans",
"tags": [
"plural"
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}
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"head_templates": [
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"expansion": "tarkhan (plural tarkhans)",
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Armenian terms with redundant script codes",
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "2007 May 6, Michael Chabon, “‘Gentlemen of the Road’”, in New York Times",
"text": "The tarkhan, leader of the Khazar army, meets Amram, Zelikman and a green-eyed young person who claims to be Alp, the brother of Filaq.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1980, Manfred Späth, “Beiträge zur 4. Internationalen Konferenz über Altrussische Geschichte. Begunov, \"Weisse Rus\".”, in Forschungen zur osteuropaischen Geschichte, Bd. 27, page 164",
"text": "Already by the time of Genghis Khan, tarkhans were exempt from taxes and various economic services; they later became a privileged estate or class. In the Kazanian society, the tarkhans constituted a privileged, landowning, and conditionally hereditary nobility which was exempted from taxes and most other obligations.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An ancient Central Asian title used by various Turkic, Mongolic and Indo-European (Scythian and Tokharian) peoples, especially in the medieval era, and prominently among the successors of the Mongol Empire; it generally conferred exemption from taxation."
],
"id": "en-tarkhan-en-noun-qp0pBPpi",
"links": [
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"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) An ancient Central Asian title used by various Turkic, Mongolic and Indo-European (Scythian and Tokharian) peoples, especially in the medieval era, and prominently among the successors of the Mongol Empire; it generally conferred exemption from taxation."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Tarkhan"
}
],
"tags": [
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"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tʻarxan",
"sense": "ancient Central Asian/Turkic title",
"word": "թարխան"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "tarxani",
"sense": "ancient Central Asian/Turkic title",
"word": "თარხანი"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "tarkan",
"sense": "ancient Central Asian/Turkic title",
"word": "تارخان"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "tarxân",
"sense": "ancient Central Asian/Turkic title",
"word": "ترخان"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tarxan",
"sense": "ancient Central Asian/Turkic title",
"word": "тархан"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "tarxan",
"sense": "ancient Central Asian/Turkic title",
"word": "тархан"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "ancient Central Asian/Turkic title",
"word": "tarkan"
}
],
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"tarkhan"
]
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],
"word": "tarkhan"
}
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"args": {
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"forms": [
{
"form": "tarkhans",
"tags": [
"plural"
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}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tarkhan (plural tarkhans)",
"name": "en-noun"
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],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"Tatar terms with redundant script codes"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2007 May 6, Michael Chabon, “‘Gentlemen of the Road’”, in New York Times",
"text": "The tarkhan, leader of the Khazar army, meets Amram, Zelikman and a green-eyed young person who claims to be Alp, the brother of Filaq.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1980, Manfred Späth, “Beiträge zur 4. Internationalen Konferenz über Altrussische Geschichte. Begunov, \"Weisse Rus\".”, in Forschungen zur osteuropaischen Geschichte, Bd. 27, page 164",
"text": "Already by the time of Genghis Khan, tarkhans were exempt from taxes and various economic services; they later became a privileged estate or class. In the Kazanian society, the tarkhans constituted a privileged, landowning, and conditionally hereditary nobility which was exempted from taxes and most other obligations.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
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"An ancient Central Asian title used by various Turkic, Mongolic and Indo-European (Scythian and Tokharian) peoples, especially in the medieval era, and prominently among the successors of the Mongol Empire; it generally conferred exemption from taxation."
],
"links": [
[
"Turkic",
"Turkic"
],
[
"Mongolic",
"Mongolic"
],
[
"Indo-European",
"Indo-European"
],
[
"Scythian",
"Scythian"
],
[
"Tokharian",
"Tokharian"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical) An ancient Central Asian title used by various Turkic, Mongolic and Indo-European (Scythian and Tokharian) peoples, especially in the medieval era, and prominently among the successors of the Mongol Empire; it generally conferred exemption from taxation."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Tarkhan",
"tarkhan"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Tarkhan"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "tʻarxan",
"sense": "ancient Central Asian/Turkic title",
"word": "թարխան"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "tarxani",
"sense": "ancient Central Asian/Turkic title",
"word": "თარხანი"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "tarkan",
"sense": "ancient Central Asian/Turkic title",
"word": "تارخان"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "tarxân",
"sense": "ancient Central Asian/Turkic title",
"word": "ترخان"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tarxan",
"sense": "ancient Central Asian/Turkic title",
"word": "тархан"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "tarxan",
"sense": "ancient Central Asian/Turkic title",
"word": "тархан"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "ancient Central Asian/Turkic title",
"word": "tarkan"
}
],
"word": "tarkhan"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.