See shvartze in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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German Schwarzer, the politically correct term for “black person”). Doublet of swart.", "forms": [ { "form": "shvartze", "tags": [ "plural" ] }, { "form": "shvartzes", "tags": [ "plural" ] }, { "form": "shvartza", "tags": [ "alternative" ] }, { "form": "shvartsa", "tags": [ "alternative" ] }, { "form": "shvartse", "tags": [ "alternative" ] }, { "form": "schvartza", "tags": [ "alternative" ] }, { "form": "schvartze", "tags": [ "alternative" ] }, { "form": "schwartza", "tags": [ "alternative" ] }, { "form": "schwartze", "tags": [ "alternative" ] }, { "form": "shvartzer", "tags": [ "alternative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "shvartze", "2": "s" }, "expansion": "shvartze (plural shvartze or shvartzes)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "American English", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "English ethnic slurs", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "36 64", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "21 79", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 1 entry", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "12 88", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "bold_text_offsets": [ [ 35, 44 ] ], "ref": "1969, Philip Roth, “The Most Unforgettable Character I’ve Met”, in Portnoy’s Complaint, New York: Vintage, published 1994, page 12:", "text": "[…] she irons better even than the schvartze,", "type": "quote" }, { "text": "1975, Robert Greenfield, The Spiritual Supermarket, New York: Saturday Review Press / E. P. Dutton & Co., p. 6,\nFrom the rabbi to the “shvartze,” the black man who turned on the synagogue’s lights on Saturdays, he was liked." }, { "text": "1988, Leon Uris, Mitla Pass, New York: Doubleday, Part 3, “Baltimore 1902-1913,” p. 270,\n[…] they were able to afford a full-time shvartze to keep the house." }, { "bold_text_offsets": [ [ 98, 107 ] ], "ref": "1997, Mordecai Richler, “The Second Mrs. Panofsky”, in Barney’s Version, New York: Knopf, Part 10, p. 213:", "text": "Jesse Jackson cracks a joke about Hymietown and everybody has a fit, but I’ve heard you call them shvartzes, and I’ll bet had your daughter married one you wouldn’t have cracked open a bottle of champagne.", "type": "quote" }, { "bold_text_offsets": [ [ 88, 96 ] ], "ref": "2006, Melissa Fay Greene, chapter 6, in The Temple Bombing, Cambridge: MA: Da Capo, page 139:", "text": "‘We don’t have enough problems among the Jews, he has to go take on the problems of the shvartze?’", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A person of sub-Saharan African descent; a black person." ], "id": "en-shvartze-en-noun-7CgzCI6L", "links": [ [ "ethnic", "ethnic" ], [ "slur", "slur" ], [ "sub-Saharan", "sub-Saharan" ], [ "African", "African" ], [ "descent", "descent" ], [ "black", "black" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(chiefly US, now offensive, ethnic slur) A person of sub-Saharan African descent; a black person." ], "tags": [ "US", "ethnic", "offensive", "slur" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈʃvɑɹtsə/" } ], "word": "shvartze" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gmh", "3": "goh", "4": "gmw-pro", "5": "gem-pro" }, "expansion": "", "name": "dercat" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "yi", "3": "שוואַרצע" }, "expansion": "Borrowed from Yiddish שוואַרצע (shvartse)", "name": "bor+" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "Schwarzer" }, "expansion": "German Schwarzer", "name": "m+" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "swart" }, "expansion": "Doublet of swart", "name": "doublet" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Yiddish שוואַרצע (shvartse), feminine and plural form of שוואַרץ (shvarts, “black”). The generalization of the form was likely reinforced by the frequent use referring to black female domestic workers, although forms in -e/-a and -er would have merged in any case in a non-rhotic accent such as New York English. The context of domestic workers may also be that in which the word received a derogatory connotation, which of course it did not originally have (cf. German Schwarzer, the politically correct term for “black person”). Doublet of swart.", "forms": [ { "form": "shvartza", "tags": [ "alternative" ] }, { "form": "shvartsa", "tags": [ "alternative" ] }, { "form": "shvartse", "tags": [ "alternative" ] }, { "form": "schvartza", "tags": [ "alternative" ] }, { "form": "schvartze", "tags": [ "alternative" ] }, { "form": "schwartza", "tags": [ "alternative" ] }, { "form": "schwartze", "tags": [ "alternative" ] }, { "form": "shvartzer", "tags": [ "alternative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "-" }, "expansion": "shvartze (not comparable)", "name": "en-adj" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "American English", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "English ethnic slurs", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "examples": [ { "bold_text_offsets": [ [ 12, 20 ] ], "ref": "1983, Richard Price, The Breaks, New York: Simon & Schuster, Part 1, p. 98:", "text": "There was a shvartze wedding next door and something else too . . . some anniversary party.", "type": "quote" }, { "text": "2012, Steve Stern, “The Tale of a Kite” in The Book of Mischief, Minneapolis: Graywolf Fress, p. 9,\nOrdinarily Boss Crump and his entourage […] like to tour the individual shops, receiving the tributes his shvartze valet shleps out to a waiting limousine." } ], "glosses": [ "Of sub-Saharan African descent; of or pertaining to people of sub-Saharan African descent; black." ], "id": "en-shvartze-en-adj-MipqSi9P", "links": [ [ "ethnic", "ethnic" ], [ "slur", "slur" ], [ "sub-Saharan", "sub-Saharan" ], [ "African", "African" ], [ "descent", "descent" ], [ "black", "black" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(chiefly US, now offensive, ethnic slur) Of sub-Saharan African descent; of or pertaining to people of sub-Saharan African descent; black." ], "tags": [ "US", "ethnic", "not-comparable", "offensive", "slur" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈʃvɑɹtsə/" } ], "word": "shvartze" }
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The generalization of the form was likely reinforced by the frequent use referring to black female domestic workers, although forms in -e/-a and -er would have merged in any case in a non-rhotic accent such as New York English. The context of domestic workers may also be that in which the word received a derogatory connotation, which of course it did not originally have (cf. German Schwarzer, the politically correct term for “black person”). 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P. Dutton & Co., p. 6,\nFrom the rabbi to the “shvartze,” the black man who turned on the synagogue’s lights on Saturdays, he was liked." }, { "text": "1988, Leon Uris, Mitla Pass, New York: Doubleday, Part 3, “Baltimore 1902-1913,” p. 270,\n[…] they were able to afford a full-time shvartze to keep the house." }, { "bold_text_offsets": [ [ 98, 107 ] ], "ref": "1997, Mordecai Richler, “The Second Mrs. Panofsky”, in Barney’s Version, New York: Knopf, Part 10, p. 213:", "text": "Jesse Jackson cracks a joke about Hymietown and everybody has a fit, but I’ve heard you call them shvartzes, and I’ll bet had your daughter married one you wouldn’t have cracked open a bottle of champagne.", "type": "quote" }, { "bold_text_offsets": [ [ 88, 96 ] ], "ref": "2006, Melissa Fay Greene, chapter 6, in The Temple Bombing, Cambridge: MA: Da Capo, page 139:", "text": "‘We don’t have enough problems among the Jews, he has to go take on the problems of the shvartze?’", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A person of sub-Saharan African descent; a black person." ], "links": [ [ "ethnic", "ethnic" ], [ "slur", "slur" ], [ "sub-Saharan", "sub-Saharan" ], [ "African", "African" ], [ "descent", "descent" ], [ "black", "black" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(chiefly US, now offensive, ethnic slur) A person of sub-Saharan African descent; a black person." ], "tags": [ "US", "ethnic", "offensive", "slur" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈʃvɑɹtsə/" } ], "word": "shvartze" } { "categories": [ "English adjectives", "English countable nouns", "English doublets", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English indeclinable nouns", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English nouns with irregular plurals", "English terms borrowed from Yiddish", "English terms derived from Middle High German", "English terms derived from Old High German", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms derived from Yiddish", "English uncomparable adjectives", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries" ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gmh", "3": "goh", "4": "gmw-pro", "5": "gem-pro" }, "expansion": "", "name": "dercat" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "yi", "3": "שוואַרצע" }, "expansion": "Borrowed from Yiddish שוואַרצע (shvartse)", "name": "bor+" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "Schwarzer" }, "expansion": "German Schwarzer", "name": "m+" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "swart" }, "expansion": "Doublet of swart", "name": "doublet" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Yiddish שוואַרצע (shvartse), feminine and plural form of שוואַרץ (shvarts, “black”). The generalization of the form was likely reinforced by the frequent use referring to black female domestic workers, although forms in -e/-a and -er would have merged in any case in a non-rhotic accent such as New York English. The context of domestic workers may also be that in which the word received a derogatory connotation, which of course it did not originally have (cf. German Schwarzer, the politically correct term for “black person”). Doublet of swart.", "forms": [ { "form": "shvartza", "tags": [ "alternative" ] }, { "form": "shvartsa", "tags": [ "alternative" ] }, { "form": "shvartse", "tags": [ "alternative" ] }, { "form": "schvartza", "tags": [ "alternative" ] }, { "form": "schvartze", "tags": [ "alternative" ] }, { "form": "schwartza", "tags": [ "alternative" ] }, { "form": "schwartze", "tags": [ "alternative" ] }, { "form": "shvartzer", "tags": [ "alternative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "-" }, "expansion": "shvartze (not comparable)", "name": "en-adj" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "American English", "English ethnic slurs", "English offensive terms", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned" ], "examples": [ { "bold_text_offsets": [ [ 12, 20 ] ], "ref": "1983, Richard Price, The Breaks, New York: Simon & Schuster, Part 1, p. 98:", "text": "There was a shvartze wedding next door and something else too . . . some anniversary party.", "type": "quote" }, { "text": "2012, Steve Stern, “The Tale of a Kite” in The Book of Mischief, Minneapolis: Graywolf Fress, p. 9,\nOrdinarily Boss Crump and his entourage […] like to tour the individual shops, receiving the tributes his shvartze valet shleps out to a waiting limousine." } ], "glosses": [ "Of sub-Saharan African descent; of or pertaining to people of sub-Saharan African descent; black." ], "links": [ [ "ethnic", "ethnic" ], [ "slur", "slur" ], [ "sub-Saharan", "sub-Saharan" ], [ "African", "African" ], [ "descent", "descent" ], [ "black", "black" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(chiefly US, now offensive, ethnic slur) Of sub-Saharan African descent; of or pertaining to people of sub-Saharan African descent; black." ], "tags": [ "US", "ethnic", "not-comparable", "offensive", "slur" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈʃvɑɹtsə/" } ], "word": "shvartze" }
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-07-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-01 using wiktextract (b80cf99 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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