See ruddock in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "ruddocke"
},
"expansion": "Middle English ruddocke",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rudduc"
},
"expansion": "Old English rudduc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rud",
"3": "ock",
"pos2": "diminutive suffix",
"t1": "redness"
},
"expansion": "rud (“redness”) + -ock (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "rhuddog"
},
"expansion": "Welsh rhuddog",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "rudhek",
"3": "",
"4": "the redbreast"
},
"expansion": "Cornish rudhek (“the redbreast”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English ruddocke, ruddok, roddok, from Old English rudduc, ruduc (“robin, ruddock”, literally “little red one, red-ling”), equivalent to rud (“redness”) + -ock (diminutive suffix). The Welsh rhuddog, and Cornish rudhek (“the redbreast”) are probably from the English, although a derivation from a British Celtic *roudākos (< *roudos \"red\") for all three cannot be ruled out. More at rud.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruddocks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ruddock (plural ruddocks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1595, Edmund Spenser, Epithalamion:",
"text": "The Ouzell shrills; the Ruddock warbles soft.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1827, Thomas Hood, The Plea of the Midsummer Fairies:",
"text": "The sweet And shrilly ruddock, with its bleeding breast",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The European robin."
],
"id": "en-ruddock-en-noun-t8yuxNQ0",
"links": [
[
"European robin",
"European robin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) The European robin."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, John Florio, Queen Anna's New World of Words, or Dictionarie of the Italian and English tongues:",
"text": "Great pieces of gold […] red ruddocks.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A piece of gold money (probably because the gold of coins was often reddened by copper alloy)."
],
"id": "en-ruddock-en-noun-QLAxvkur",
"links": [
[
"gold",
"gold"
],
[
"money",
"money"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A piece of gold money (probably because the gold of coins was often reddened by copper alloy)."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 17 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 25 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ock",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 12 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 12 80",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Apple cultivars",
"orig": "en:Apple cultivars",
"parents": [
"Fruits",
"Pome fruits",
"Foods",
"Plants",
"Rose family plants",
"Shrubs",
"Trees",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Lifeforms",
"Rosales order plants",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 9 80",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Muscicapids",
"orig": "en:Muscicapids",
"parents": [
"Perching birds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 39 56",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Money",
"orig": "en:Money",
"parents": [
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A variety of red apple, used for cidermaking."
],
"id": "en-ruddock-en-noun-31NKtp5~",
"links": [
[
"red",
"red"
],
[
"apple",
"apple"
],
[
"cidermaking",
"cidermaking"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A variety of red apple, used for cidermaking."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹʌdək/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "reddock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "raddock"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ruddoc"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "rudock"
}
],
"word": "ruddock"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms suffixed with -ock",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"en:Apple cultivars",
"en:Money",
"en:Muscicapids"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "ruddocke"
},
"expansion": "Middle English ruddocke",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "rudduc"
},
"expansion": "Old English rudduc",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "rud",
"3": "ock",
"pos2": "diminutive suffix",
"t1": "redness"
},
"expansion": "rud (“redness”) + -ock (diminutive suffix)",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "rhuddog"
},
"expansion": "Welsh rhuddog",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "rudhek",
"3": "",
"4": "the redbreast"
},
"expansion": "Cornish rudhek (“the redbreast”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English ruddocke, ruddok, roddok, from Old English rudduc, ruduc (“robin, ruddock”, literally “little red one, red-ling”), equivalent to rud (“redness”) + -ock (diminutive suffix). The Welsh rhuddog, and Cornish rudhek (“the redbreast”) are probably from the English, although a derivation from a British Celtic *roudākos (< *roudos \"red\") for all three cannot be ruled out. More at rud.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ruddocks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ruddock (plural ruddocks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1595, Edmund Spenser, Epithalamion:",
"text": "The Ouzell shrills; the Ruddock warbles soft.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1827, Thomas Hood, The Plea of the Midsummer Fairies:",
"text": "The sweet And shrilly ruddock, with its bleeding breast",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The European robin."
],
"links": [
[
"European robin",
"European robin"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) The European robin."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1611, John Florio, Queen Anna's New World of Words, or Dictionarie of the Italian and English tongues:",
"text": "Great pieces of gold […] red ruddocks.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A piece of gold money (probably because the gold of coins was often reddened by copper alloy)."
],
"links": [
[
"gold",
"gold"
],
[
"money",
"money"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A piece of gold money (probably because the gold of coins was often reddened by copper alloy)."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A variety of red apple, used for cidermaking."
],
"links": [
[
"red",
"red"
],
[
"apple",
"apple"
],
[
"cidermaking",
"cidermaking"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) A variety of red apple, used for cidermaking."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹʌdək/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "reddock"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "raddock"
},
{
"word": "ruddoc"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "rudock"
}
],
"word": "ruddock"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ruddock meaning in English (3.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.