See raffish in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "raff",
"3": "-ish",
"gloss1": "persons among the lowest class in society"
},
"expansion": "raff (“persons among the lowest class in society”) + -ish",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "raffer",
"t": "to wear away"
},
"expansion": "Old French raffer (“to wear away”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "raffen"
},
"expansion": "German raffen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From late 18th century raff (“persons among the lowest class in society”) + -ish, still retained in contemporary English with riffraff. From Old French raffer (“to wear away”), of Germanic origin. Compare German raffen. Compare rip (“to tear”), rap (“to snatch”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more raffish",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most raffish",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
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"expansion": "raffish (comparative more raffish, superlative most raffish)",
"name": "en-adj"
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],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "riffraff"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "57 43",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Personality",
"orig": "en:Personality",
"parents": [
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"ref": "2021 May 4, Ruth La Ferla, “On That Bombshell Billie Eilish Cover for British Vogue”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:",
"text": "Billie Eilish wants you to know she is in charge, brash and self-assured enough to scrap the raffish image that helped garner her a world of fans in favor of something a little more … adult.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022, Jennifer Egan, “i, the Protagonist”, in The Candy House:",
"text": "The smokers' most raffish outsider, Comstock, appeared to do nothing but smoke; Chris had never seen him inside the building.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Characterized by careless unconventionality; rakish."
],
"id": "en-raffish-en-adj-HKcCP5vw",
"links": [
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"careless",
"careless"
],
[
"unconventionality",
"unconventionality"
],
[
"rakish",
"rakish"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razpasan",
"sense": "characterized by careless unconventionality — see also rakish",
"word": "разпасан"
},
{
"_dis1": "78 22",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "characterized by careless unconventionality — see also rakish",
"word": "verwegen"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "35 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ish",
"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "18 82",
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"_dis": "31 69",
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{
"_dis": "24 76",
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"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
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{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1891 February–December, Robert Louis Stevenson, chapter XV, in In the South Seas […], New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, published 1896, →OCLC:",
"text": "I had met the man before this in the village, and detested him on sight; there was something indescribably raffish in his looks and ways that raised my gorge; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1914, Joseph Conrad, “The Governess”, in Chance, London: Methuen, →OCLC:",
"text": "He bowed cordially to the lady in charge of Miss de Barral’s education, whom he saw in the hall engaged in conversation with a very good-looking but somewhat raffish young gentleman.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1919, Anthony Hope, chapter VII, in The Secret of the Tower:",
"text": "He wore a neat dark overcoat, brown shoes, and a bowler hat rather on one side; his appearance was, in fact, genteel, though his air was a trifle raffish.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1951 February 11, Gladwin Hill, “Atomic Boom Town In the Desert”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:",
"text": "Altogether the city [Las Vegas] is one of the most amiably raffish communities in the nation—an assembly of glittering chrome and flaming colors by day, a flowering jungle of glowing neon and flashing lights by night.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Low-class; disreputable; vulgar."
],
"id": "en-raffish-en-adj-7nWetbL3",
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[
"Low-class",
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[
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"disreputable"
],
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"vulgar",
"vulgar"
]
]
}
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"ipa": "/ˈɹæfɪʃ/"
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}
],
"word": "raffish"
}
{
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
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"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms suffixed with -ish",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
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"etymology_templates": [
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"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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"3": "raffer",
"t": "to wear away"
},
"expansion": "Old French raffer (“to wear away”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "raffen"
},
"expansion": "German raffen",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From late 18th century raff (“persons among the lowest class in society”) + -ish, still retained in contemporary English with riffraff. From Old French raffer (“to wear away”), of Germanic origin. Compare German raffen. Compare rip (“to tear”), rap (“to snatch”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more raffish",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most raffish",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
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"name": "en-adj"
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],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "riffraff"
}
],
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2021 May 4, Ruth La Ferla, “On That Bombshell Billie Eilish Cover for British Vogue”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:",
"text": "Billie Eilish wants you to know she is in charge, brash and self-assured enough to scrap the raffish image that helped garner her a world of fans in favor of something a little more … adult.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2022, Jennifer Egan, “i, the Protagonist”, in The Candy House:",
"text": "The smokers' most raffish outsider, Comstock, appeared to do nothing but smoke; Chris had never seen him inside the building.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Characterized by careless unconventionality; rakish."
],
"links": [
[
"careless",
"careless"
],
[
"unconventionality",
"unconventionality"
],
[
"rakish",
"rakish"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1891 February–December, Robert Louis Stevenson, chapter XV, in In the South Seas […], New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, published 1896, →OCLC:",
"text": "I had met the man before this in the village, and detested him on sight; there was something indescribably raffish in his looks and ways that raised my gorge; […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1914, Joseph Conrad, “The Governess”, in Chance, London: Methuen, →OCLC:",
"text": "He bowed cordially to the lady in charge of Miss de Barral’s education, whom he saw in the hall engaged in conversation with a very good-looking but somewhat raffish young gentleman.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1919, Anthony Hope, chapter VII, in The Secret of the Tower:",
"text": "He wore a neat dark overcoat, brown shoes, and a bowler hat rather on one side; his appearance was, in fact, genteel, though his air was a trifle raffish.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1951 February 11, Gladwin Hill, “Atomic Boom Town In the Desert”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:",
"text": "Altogether the city [Las Vegas] is one of the most amiably raffish communities in the nation—an assembly of glittering chrome and flaming colors by day, a flowering jungle of glowing neon and flashing lights by night.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Low-class; disreputable; vulgar."
],
"links": [
[
"Low-class",
"low-class"
],
[
"disreputable",
"disreputable"
],
[
"vulgar",
"vulgar"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɹæfɪʃ/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-raffish.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a2/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-raffish.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-raffish.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "razpasan",
"sense": "characterized by careless unconventionality — see also rakish",
"word": "разпасан"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "characterized by careless unconventionality — see also rakish",
"word": "verwegen"
}
],
"word": "raffish"
}
Download raw JSONL data for raffish meaning in English (4.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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