See pluvial in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "antipluvial"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Carnian pluvial episode"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "interpluvial"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "intrapluvial"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nonpluvial"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pluvial lake"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"pluvial",
"pluvial#French"
],
[
"pluvial",
"pluvial#Middle_French"
],
[
"pluviālis",
"pluvialis#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "pluvial"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French pluvial",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "pluvial"
},
"expansion": "Middle French pluvial",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pluviālis",
"t": "pertaining to rain"
},
"expansion": "Latin pluviālis (“pertaining to rain”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French pluvial, from Middle French pluvial, borrowed from Latin pluviālis (“pertaining to rain”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more pluvial",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most pluvial",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pluvial (comparative more pluvial, superlative most pluvial)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "pluvious"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 32 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 32 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 17 13 13 10 2 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 13 15 19 8 11 1 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 33 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 33 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 33 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 34 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of, pertaining to, or produced by rain."
],
"id": "en-pluvial-en-adj-RTcD5NzK",
"links": [
[
"rain",
"rain"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ombro-"
},
{
"word": "pluvio-"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Geology",
"orig": "en:Geology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "37 32 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 32 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 17 13 13 10 2 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 13 15 19 8 11 1 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 33 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 33 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 33 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 34 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Occurring through the action of rain."
],
"id": "en-pluvial-en-adj-WEgp7QI-",
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) Occurring through the action of rain."
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "43 57",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "dăždoven",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"word": "дъждовен"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pluvial"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"word": "regn-"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"word": "rigningar-"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57",
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"word": "úrkomu-"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"word": "pluvala"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"word": "báistiúil"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"word": "pluviale"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"word": "pātaua"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"word": "deszczowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"word": "pluwialny"
},
{
"_dis1": "43 57",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "pluviál",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "плувиа́л"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈplu.vi.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpluː.vi.əl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pluvial.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluvial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluvial.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluvial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluvial.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"word": "pluvial"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"pluvial",
"pluvial#French"
],
[
"pluvial",
"pluvial#Middle_French"
],
[
"pluviālis",
"pluvialis#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "pluvial"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French pluvial",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "pluvial"
},
"expansion": "Middle French pluvial",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pluviālis",
"t": "pertaining to rain"
},
"expansion": "Latin pluviālis (“pertaining to rain”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French pluvial, from Middle French pluvial, borrowed from Latin pluviālis (“pertaining to rain”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pluvials",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pluvial (plural pluvials)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Geology",
"orig": "en:Geology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "37 32 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 32 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 17 13 13 10 2 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 13 15 19 8 11 1 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 33 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 33 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 33 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Icelandic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 32 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 33 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 32 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 32 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Māori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 34 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 32 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a rainy period"
],
"id": "en-pluvial-en-noun-OjrSBzWk",
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) a rainy period"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈplu.vi.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpluː.vi.əl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pluvial.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluvial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluvial.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluvial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluvial.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"word": "pluvial"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Māori translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "antipluvial"
},
{
"word": "Carnian pluvial episode"
},
{
"word": "interpluvial"
},
{
"word": "intrapluvial"
},
{
"word": "nonpluvial"
},
{
"word": "pluvial lake"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"pluvial",
"pluvial#French"
],
[
"pluvial",
"pluvial#Middle_French"
],
[
"pluviālis",
"pluvialis#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "pluvial"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French pluvial",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "pluvial"
},
"expansion": "Middle French pluvial",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pluviālis",
"t": "pertaining to rain"
},
"expansion": "Latin pluviālis (“pertaining to rain”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French pluvial, from Middle French pluvial, borrowed from Latin pluviālis (“pertaining to rain”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more pluvial",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most pluvial",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pluvial (comparative more pluvial, superlative most pluvial)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "pluvious"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Of, pertaining to, or produced by rain."
],
"links": [
[
"rain",
"rain"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ombro-"
},
{
"word": "pluvio-"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Geology"
],
"glosses": [
"Occurring through the action of rain."
],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) Occurring through the action of rain."
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈplu.vi.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpluː.vi.əl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pluvial.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluvial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluvial.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluvial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluvial.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "dăždoven",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"word": "дъждовен"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pluvial"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"word": "regn-"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"word": "rigningar-"
},
{
"code": "is",
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"word": "úrkomu-"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"word": "pluvala"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"lang_code": "ga",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"word": "báistiúil"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"word": "pluviale"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Māori",
"lang_code": "mi",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"word": "pātaua"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"word": "deszczowy"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"word": "pluwialny"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "pluviál",
"sense": "pertaining to rain",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "плувиа́л"
}
],
"word": "pluvial"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Icelandic translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Māori translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"pluvial",
"pluvial#French"
],
[
"pluvial",
"pluvial#Middle_French"
],
[
"pluviālis",
"pluvialis#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "pluvial"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French pluvial",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "pluvial"
},
"expansion": "Middle French pluvial",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pluviālis",
"t": "pertaining to rain"
},
"expansion": "Latin pluviālis (“pertaining to rain”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French pluvial, from Middle French pluvial, borrowed from Latin pluviālis (“pertaining to rain”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pluvials",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pluvial (plural pluvials)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Geology"
],
"glosses": [
"a rainy period"
],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) a rainy period"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈplu.vi.əl/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpluː.vi.əl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pluvial.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluvial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluvial.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluvial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pluvial.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
}
],
"word": "pluvial"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pluvial meaning in English (6.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.