"plastron" meaning in English

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "entoplastron"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "epiplastron"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hyoplastron"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "hypoplastron"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "plastronal"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "xiphiplastron"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "plastron"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from French plastron",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "it",
        "3": "piastrone"
      },
      "expansion": "Italian piastrone",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "emplastrum",
        "3": "",
        "4": "plaster"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin emplastrum (“plaster”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἔμπλαστρον"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἔμπλαστρον (émplastron)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French plastron, from Italian piastrone, augmentive of piastra (“breastplate”), from Latin emplastrum (“plaster”), from Ancient Greek ἔμπλαστρον (émplastron), from ἔμπλαστος (émplastos, “daubed, plastered”), from ἔμπλασσειν (émplassein, “to mould, form”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "plastrons",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "plastron (plural plastrons)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 33 7 6 4 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 27 8 5 2 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English undefined derivations",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 30 9 4 4 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 31 12 9 3 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 30 9 4 4 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1982, Gene Wolfe, chapter 28, in The Sword of the Lictor (The Book of the New Sun; 3), New York: Timescape, →ISBN, pages 208–209:",
          "text": "The great tortoise that in myth is said to support the world and is thus an embodiment of the galaxy, without whose swirling order we would be a lonely wanderer in space, is supposed to have revealed in ancient times the Universal Rule, since lost, by which one might always be sure of acting rightly. Its carapace represented the bowl of heaven, its plastron the plains of all the worlds.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The nearly flat part of the shell structure of a tortoise or other animal, similar in composition to the carapace."
      ],
      "id": "en-plastron-en-noun-ERZslCWN",
      "links": [
        [
          "tortoise",
          "tortoise"
        ],
        [
          "carapace",
          "carapace"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 1 1 1 1",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "part of the shell structure of a tortoise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "plastron"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 1 1 1 1 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "plastrón",
          "sense": "part of the shell structure of a tortoise",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "пластро́н"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Fencing",
          "orig": "en:Fencing",
          "parents": [
            "Sports",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 33 7 6 4 39",
          "kind": "other",
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            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 27 8 5 2 32",
          "kind": "other",
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          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 30 9 4 4 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 31 12 9 3 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 30 9 4 4 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A half-jacket worn under the jacket for padding or for safety."
      ],
      "id": "en-plastron-en-noun-zgPg6ORA",
      "links": [
        [
          "fencing",
          "fencing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "half-jacket",
          "half-jacket"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(fencing) A half-jacket worn under the jacket for padding or for safety."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "fencing",
        "government",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "martial-arts",
        "military",
        "politics",
        "sports",
        "war"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 69 11 6 4 7",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "fencing",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "plastron"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 32 22 18 4 21",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "men's shirt",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "plastron"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "14 31 12 9 3 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A man's shirt-bosom."
      ],
      "id": "en-plastron-en-noun-f0~1wM1b"
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1942, Rebecca West, Black Lamb and Grey Falcon, Canongate, published 2006, page 784:",
          "text": "I bought here a wedding dress perhaps twenty or thirty years old [...] a sequin plastron to be worn over the womb as a feminine equivalent to a cod-piece, and a gauze veil embroidered in purple and gold.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An ornamental front panel on a woman's bodice."
      ],
      "id": "en-plastron-en-noun-1Db9YKnR",
      "links": [
        [
          "bodice",
          "bodice"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "20 18 8 7 40 7",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Armor",
          "orig": "en:Armor",
          "parents": [
            "Technology",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1831, George Payne Rainsford James, Philip Augustus, Or, The Brothers in Arms, page 122:",
          "text": "\"Why, compared to what thou wast, Hugo, thou art as a deerskin coat to a steel plastron.-- Art thou not in love, man? Answer me!\" \"Something like, I fear me, beau sire,” replied the squire.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1964, Charles McKew Parr, Ferdinand Magellan, Circumnavigator, New York: T.Y. Crowell Company:",
          "text": "He therefore persuaded the Casa de Antillas to supply him with a hundred steel plastrons or corselets, with armlets and shoulder plates, and a hundred morions, or pikemen's helmets. This heavy armor was suitable […]",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A breastplate."
      ],
      "id": "en-plastron-en-noun-XoRBBvNn",
      "links": [
        [
          "breastplate",
          "breastplate"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 0 1 1 97 0",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "breastplate",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "plastron"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 33 7 6 4 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 27 8 5 2 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English undefined derivations",
          "parents": [
            "Undefined derivations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 28 11 4 4 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 2 5 8 2 1 1 11 2 9 9 5 1 1 7 12 9 6 1 1 7",
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          "name": "Pages with 6 entries",
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        {
          "_dis": "19 30 9 4 4 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 32 3 1 1 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Kala Lagaw Ya translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 31 12 9 3 31",
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 30 9 4 4 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "The plastron of a diving beetle is not directly a source of oxygen, but acts as a gill, acquiring oxygen from the surrounding water."
        },
        {
          "ref": "2013, Jill Lancaster, Barbara J. Downes, Aquatic Entomology, page 45:",
          "text": "Total independence of atmospheric air is possible only if insects have a permanent gas store or incompressible gas gill, called a plastron. Unlike compressible gas stores, the volume of a plastron remains constant and it is incompressible.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "text": "2013, Jon F. Harrison, Lutz T. Wasserthal (revisions & updates), 17: Gaseous Exchange, R. F. Chapman, Stephen J. Simpson (editor), Angela E. Douglas (editor), The Insects: Structure and Function, 5th Edition, page 535,\nThe plastrons of other insects are generally less efficient than that of Aphelocheirus as they have a less dense hair pile from which the air is more readily displaced."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A film of air trapped by specialized hairs against the body of an aquatic insect, and which acts as an external gill."
      ],
      "id": "en-plastron-en-noun-6OPgQCe3",
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 2 1 1 0 95",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "film of air trapped by specialized hairs against the body of an aquatic insect",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "plastron"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈplæstɹən/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-plastron.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-plastron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-plastron.wav.mp3",
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    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-æstɹən"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "plastron"
  ],
  "word": "plastron"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from French",
    "English terms derived from French",
    "English terms derived from Italian",
    "English undefined derivations",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for review of Kala Lagaw Ya translations",
    "Rhymes:English/æstɹən",
    "Rhymes:English/æstɹən/2 syllables",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Kala Lagaw Ya translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "en:Armor"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "entoplastron"
    },
    {
      "word": "epiplastron"
    },
    {
      "word": "hyoplastron"
    },
    {
      "word": "hypoplastron"
    },
    {
      "word": "plastronal"
    },
    {
      "word": "xiphiplastron"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "plastron"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from French plastron",
      "name": "bor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "it",
        "3": "piastrone"
      },
      "expansion": "Italian piastrone",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "emplastrum",
        "3": "",
        "4": "plaster"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin emplastrum (“plaster”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ἔμπλαστρον"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἔμπλαστρον (émplastron)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French plastron, from Italian piastrone, augmentive of piastra (“breastplate”), from Latin emplastrum (“plaster”), from Ancient Greek ἔμπλαστρον (émplastron), from ἔμπλαστος (émplastos, “daubed, plastered”), from ἔμπλασσειν (émplassein, “to mould, form”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "plastrons",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "plastron (plural plastrons)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1982, Gene Wolfe, chapter 28, in The Sword of the Lictor (The Book of the New Sun; 3), New York: Timescape, →ISBN, pages 208–209:",
          "text": "The great tortoise that in myth is said to support the world and is thus an embodiment of the galaxy, without whose swirling order we would be a lonely wanderer in space, is supposed to have revealed in ancient times the Universal Rule, since lost, by which one might always be sure of acting rightly. Its carapace represented the bowl of heaven, its plastron the plains of all the worlds.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The nearly flat part of the shell structure of a tortoise or other animal, similar in composition to the carapace."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tortoise",
          "tortoise"
        ],
        [
          "carapace",
          "carapace"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Fencing"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A half-jacket worn under the jacket for padding or for safety."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fencing",
          "fencing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "half-jacket",
          "half-jacket"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(fencing) A half-jacket worn under the jacket for padding or for safety."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "fencing",
        "government",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "martial-arts",
        "military",
        "politics",
        "sports",
        "war"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A man's shirt-bosom."
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1942, Rebecca West, Black Lamb and Grey Falcon, Canongate, published 2006, page 784:",
          "text": "I bought here a wedding dress perhaps twenty or thirty years old [...] a sequin plastron to be worn over the womb as a feminine equivalent to a cod-piece, and a gauze veil embroidered in purple and gold.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An ornamental front panel on a woman's bodice."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bodice",
          "bodice"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1831, George Payne Rainsford James, Philip Augustus, Or, The Brothers in Arms, page 122:",
          "text": "\"Why, compared to what thou wast, Hugo, thou art as a deerskin coat to a steel plastron.-- Art thou not in love, man? Answer me!\" \"Something like, I fear me, beau sire,” replied the squire.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1964, Charles McKew Parr, Ferdinand Magellan, Circumnavigator, New York: T.Y. Crowell Company:",
          "text": "He therefore persuaded the Casa de Antillas to supply him with a hundred steel plastrons or corselets, with armlets and shoulder plates, and a hundred morions, or pikemen's helmets. This heavy armor was suitable […]",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A breastplate."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "breastplate",
          "breastplate"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "The plastron of a diving beetle is not directly a source of oxygen, but acts as a gill, acquiring oxygen from the surrounding water."
        },
        {
          "ref": "2013, Jill Lancaster, Barbara J. Downes, Aquatic Entomology, page 45:",
          "text": "Total independence of atmospheric air is possible only if insects have a permanent gas store or incompressible gas gill, called a plastron. Unlike compressible gas stores, the volume of a plastron remains constant and it is incompressible.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "text": "2013, Jon F. Harrison, Lutz T. Wasserthal (revisions & updates), 17: Gaseous Exchange, R. F. Chapman, Stephen J. Simpson (editor), Angela E. Douglas (editor), The Insects: Structure and Function, 5th Edition, page 535,\nThe plastrons of other insects are generally less efficient than that of Aphelocheirus as they have a less dense hair pile from which the air is more readily displaced."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A film of air trapped by specialized hairs against the body of an aquatic insect, and which acts as an external gill."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈplæstɹən/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-plastron.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-plastron.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-plastron.wav.mp3",
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    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-æstɹən"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "part of the shell structure of a tortoise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "plastron"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "plastrón",
      "sense": "part of the shell structure of a tortoise",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "пластро́н"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "fencing",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "plastron"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "men's shirt",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "plastron"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "breastplate",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "plastron"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "film of air trapped by specialized hairs against the body of an aquatic insect",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "plastron"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "plastron"
  ],
  "word": "plastron"
}