"pend" meaning in English

See pend in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /pɛnd/ [UK, US], /pɪnd/ [pin-pen-merger] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pend.wav [Southern-England] Forms: pends [plural]
Rhymes: -ɛnd Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French pendre (“to hang”), from Late Latin pendĕre, from Latin pendēre. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*(s)pend-}}, {{bor|en|frm|pendre||to hang}} Middle French pendre (“to hang”), {{der|en|LL.||pendĕre}} Late Latin pendĕre, {{der|en|la|pendēre}} Latin pendēre Head templates: {{en-noun}} pend (plural pends)
  1. (Scotland) An archway; especially, a vaulted passageway leading through a tenement-style building from the main street, giving access to the rear of the building or an internal courtyard. Tags: Scotland Synonyms: alley Translations (a large vaulted passageway): holvikäytävä (Finnish)
    Sense id: en-pend-en-noun-wV9BcZI9 Categories (other): Scottish English
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

IPA: /pɛnd/ [UK, US], /pɪnd/ [pin-pen-merger] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pend.wav [Southern-England]
Rhymes: -ɛnd Head templates: {{en-noun|-}} pend (uncountable)
  1. (India) oil cake Tags: India, uncountable
    Sense id: en-pend-en-noun-pvWuTWm8 Categories (other): Indian English
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 4

Verb

IPA: /pɛnd/ [UK, US], /pɪnd/ [pin-pen-merger] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pend.wav [Southern-England] Forms: pends [present, singular, third-person], pending [participle, present], pended [participle, past], pended [past]
Rhymes: -ɛnd Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French pendre (“to hang”), from Late Latin pendĕre, from Latin pendēre. Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*(s)pend-}}, {{bor|en|frm|pendre||to hang}} Middle French pendre (“to hang”), {{der|en|LL.||pendĕre}} Late Latin pendĕre, {{der|en|la|pendēre}} Latin pendēre Head templates: {{en-verb}} pend (third-person singular simple present pends, present participle pending, simple past and past participle pended)
  1. (obsolete) To hang down; to cause something to hang down Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-pend-en-verb-Jp-4KxVT
  2. (obsolete, Scotland) To arch over (something); to vault. Tags: Scotland, obsolete
    Sense id: en-pend-en-verb-CgB9I1N~ Categories (other): Scottish English, English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 21 52 27
  3. (obsolete) To hang in reliance on; to depend (on or upon); to be contingent on. Tags: obsolete
    Sense id: en-pend-en-verb-EBCWJmo5
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb

IPA: /pɛnd/ [UK, US], /pɪnd/ [pin-pen-merger] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pend.wav [Southern-England] Forms: pends [present, singular, third-person], pending [participle, present], pended [participle, past], pended [past]
Rhymes: -ɛnd Etymology: Compare pen (“to shut in”). Etymology templates: {{m|en|pen||to shut in}} pen (“to shut in”) Head templates: {{en-verb}} pend (third-person singular simple present pends, present participle pending, simple past and past participle pended)
  1. (obsolete, transitive) To pen; to confine. Tags: obsolete, transitive
    Sense id: en-pend-en-verb-35UI7hZF
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Verb

IPA: /pɛnd/ [UK, US], /pɪnd/ [pin-pen-merger] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pend.wav [Southern-England] Forms: pends [present, singular, third-person], pending [participle, present], pended [participle, past], pended [past]
Rhymes: -ɛnd Etymology: Back-formation from pending. Etymology templates: {{m|en|pending}} pending Head templates: {{en-verb}} pend (third-person singular simple present pends, present participle pending, simple past and past participle pended)
  1. (transitive) To consider pending; to delay or postpone (something). Tags: transitive
    Sense id: en-pend-en-verb-VSw1GINi
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for pend meaning in English (9.7kB)

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  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)pend-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "pendre",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to hang"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French pendre (“to hang”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "",
        "4": "pendĕre"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin pendĕre",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "pendēre"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pendēre",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle French pendre (“to hang”), from Late Latin pendĕre, from Latin pendēre.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pends",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pending",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pended",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pended",
      "tags": [
        "past"
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  "head_templates": [
    {
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      "expansion": "pend (third-person singular simple present pends, present participle pending, simple past and past participle pended)",
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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To hang down; to cause something to hang down"
      ],
      "id": "en-pend-en-verb-Jp-4KxVT",
      "links": [
        [
          "hang",
          "hang"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) To hang down; to cause something to hang down"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Scottish English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 52 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To arch over (something); to vault."
      ],
      "id": "en-pend-en-verb-CgB9I1N~",
      "links": [
        [
          "arch",
          "arch"
        ],
        [
          "vault",
          "vault"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete, Scotland) To arch over (something); to vault."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Scotland",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To hang in reliance on; to depend (on or upon); to be contingent on."
      ],
      "id": "en-pend-en-verb-EBCWJmo5",
      "links": [
        [
          "hang",
          "hang"
        ],
        [
          "depend",
          "depend"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) To hang in reliance on; to depend (on or upon); to be contingent on."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛnd/",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "penned"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɪnd/",
      "tags": [
        "pin-pen-merger"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "pinned"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnd"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pend.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav.mp3",
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      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pend"
}

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  "categories": [],
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      "args": {
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        "3": "pendre",
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        "5": "to hang"
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      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "",
        "4": "pendĕre"
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    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "pendēre"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pendēre",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
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  "forms": [
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      "form": "pends",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
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  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Scottish English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An archway; especially, a vaulted passageway leading through a tenement-style building from the main street, giving access to the rear of the building or an internal courtyard."
      ],
      "id": "en-pend-en-noun-wV9BcZI9",
      "links": [
        [
          "archway",
          "archway"
        ],
        [
          "vaulted",
          "vaulted"
        ],
        [
          "passageway",
          "passageway"
        ],
        [
          "leading",
          "leading"
        ],
        [
          "tenement",
          "tenement"
        ],
        [
          "building",
          "building"
        ],
        [
          "street",
          "street"
        ],
        [
          "access",
          "access"
        ],
        [
          "rear",
          "rear"
        ],
        [
          "internal",
          "internal"
        ],
        [
          "courtyard",
          "courtyard"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Scotland) An archway; especially, a vaulted passageway leading through a tenement-style building from the main street, giving access to the rear of the building or an internal courtyard."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "alley"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Scotland"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "a large vaulted passageway",
          "word": "holvikäytävä"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛnd/",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "penned"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɪnd/",
      "tags": [
        "pin-pen-merger"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "pinned"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnd"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pend.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pend"
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{
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  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "pen",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to shut in"
      },
      "expansion": "pen (“to shut in”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compare pen (“to shut in”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pends",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pending",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pended",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pended",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
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    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1564, Nicholas Udall, Apophthegms, translation of original by Erasmus",
          "text": "soche frowarde creatures as many women are, ought rather to be pended vp in a cage of iron",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To pen; to confine."
      ],
      "id": "en-pend-en-verb-35UI7hZF",
      "links": [
        [
          "pen",
          "pen"
        ],
        [
          "confine",
          "confine"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete, transitive) To pen; to confine."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛnd/",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "penned"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɪnd/",
      "tags": [
        "pin-pen-merger"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "pinned"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnd"
    },
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      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pend.wav",
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      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pend"
}

{
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  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
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        "2": "pending"
      },
      "expansion": "pending",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Back-formation from pending.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pends",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pending",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
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      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pended",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pended",
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        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
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  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1982, Lawrence Durrell, Constance, Faber & Faber, published 2004, page 817",
          "text": "The latest list of detainees would be pended and they would be allowed to return to their homes on a temporary basis.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To consider pending; to delay or postpone (something)."
      ],
      "id": "en-pend-en-verb-VSw1GINi",
      "links": [
        [
          "pending",
          "pending"
        ],
        [
          "delay",
          "delay"
        ],
        [
          "postpone",
          "postpone"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To consider pending; to delay or postpone (something)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛnd/",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "penned"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɪnd/",
      "tags": [
        "pin-pen-merger"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "pinned"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnd"
    },
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      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pend"
}

{
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "pend (uncountable)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Indian English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
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        "oil cake"
      ],
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      "links": [
        [
          "oil cake",
          "oil cake"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(India) oil cake"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "India",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛnd/",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
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    {
      "homophone": "penned"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɪnd/",
      "tags": [
        "pin-pen-merger"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "pinned"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnd"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pend.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pend"
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{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Middle French",
    "English terms derived from Late Latin",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)pend-",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English terms with homophones",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verbs",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛnd",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛnd/1 syllable"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)pend-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "pendre",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to hang"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French pendre (“to hang”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "",
        "4": "pendĕre"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin pendĕre",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "pendēre"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pendēre",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle French pendre (“to hang”), from Late Latin pendĕre, from Latin pendēre.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pends",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pending",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pended",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pended",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "pend (third-person singular simple present pends, present participle pending, simple past and past participle pended)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To hang down; to cause something to hang down"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hang",
          "hang"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) To hang down; to cause something to hang down"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses",
        "Scottish English"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To arch over (something); to vault."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "arch",
          "arch"
        ],
        [
          "vault",
          "vault"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete, Scotland) To arch over (something); to vault."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Scotland",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To hang in reliance on; to depend (on or upon); to be contingent on."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hang",
          "hang"
        ],
        [
          "depend",
          "depend"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) To hang in reliance on; to depend (on or upon); to be contingent on."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛnd/",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "penned"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɪnd/",
      "tags": [
        "pin-pen-merger"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "pinned"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnd"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pend.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pend"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Middle French",
    "English terms derived from Late Latin",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle French",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)pend-",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English terms with homophones",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verbs",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛnd",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛnd/1 syllable"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)pend-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "pendre",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to hang"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French pendre (“to hang”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "",
        "4": "pendĕre"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin pendĕre",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "pendēre"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin pendēre",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle French pendre (“to hang”), from Late Latin pendĕre, from Latin pendēre.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pends",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "pend (plural pends)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Scottish English"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An archway; especially, a vaulted passageway leading through a tenement-style building from the main street, giving access to the rear of the building or an internal courtyard."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "archway",
          "archway"
        ],
        [
          "vaulted",
          "vaulted"
        ],
        [
          "passageway",
          "passageway"
        ],
        [
          "leading",
          "leading"
        ],
        [
          "tenement",
          "tenement"
        ],
        [
          "building",
          "building"
        ],
        [
          "street",
          "street"
        ],
        [
          "access",
          "access"
        ],
        [
          "rear",
          "rear"
        ],
        [
          "internal",
          "internal"
        ],
        [
          "courtyard",
          "courtyard"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Scotland) An archway; especially, a vaulted passageway leading through a tenement-style building from the main street, giving access to the rear of the building or an internal courtyard."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Scotland"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛnd/",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "penned"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɪnd/",
      "tags": [
        "pin-pen-merger"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "pinned"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnd"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pend.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "alley"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "a large vaulted passageway",
      "word": "holvikäytävä"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pend"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English terms with homophones",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verbs",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛnd",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛnd/1 syllable"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "pen",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to shut in"
      },
      "expansion": "pen (“to shut in”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Compare pen (“to shut in”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pends",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pending",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pended",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pended",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "pend (third-person singular simple present pends, present participle pending, simple past and past participle pended)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1564, Nicholas Udall, Apophthegms, translation of original by Erasmus",
          "text": "soche frowarde creatures as many women are, ought rather to be pended vp in a cage of iron",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To pen; to confine."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pen",
          "pen"
        ],
        [
          "confine",
          "confine"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete, transitive) To pen; to confine."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛnd/",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "penned"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɪnd/",
      "tags": [
        "pin-pen-merger"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "pinned"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnd"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pend.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pend"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English terms with homophones",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "English verbs",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛnd",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛnd/1 syllable"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "pending"
      },
      "expansion": "pending",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Back-formation from pending.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "pends",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pending",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pended",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pended",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "pend (third-person singular simple present pends, present participle pending, simple past and past participle pended)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1982, Lawrence Durrell, Constance, Faber & Faber, published 2004, page 817",
          "text": "The latest list of detainees would be pended and they would be allowed to return to their homes on a temporary basis.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To consider pending; to delay or postpone (something)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pending",
          "pending"
        ],
        [
          "delay",
          "delay"
        ],
        [
          "postpone",
          "postpone"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To consider pending; to delay or postpone (something)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛnd/",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "penned"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɪnd/",
      "tags": [
        "pin-pen-merger"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "pinned"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnd"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pend.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pend"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 1-syllable words",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English terms with homophones",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛnd",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛnd/1 syllable"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 4,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "pend (uncountable)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Indian English"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "oil cake"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "oil cake",
          "oil cake"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(India) oil cake"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "India",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pɛnd/",
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "penned"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pɪnd/",
      "tags": [
        "pin-pen-merger"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "pinned"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnd"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-pend.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-pend.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "pend"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (fc4f0c7 and c937495). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.