See nomenklatura in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ru",
"3": "номенклату́ра"
},
"expansion": "Russian номенклату́ра (nomenklatúra)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "nōmenclātūra",
"4": "",
"5": "a calling by name, list of names"
},
"expansion": "Latin nōmenclātūra (“a calling by name, list of names”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nomenclature"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of nomenclature",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian номенклату́ра (nomenklatúra), from Latin nōmenclātūra (“a calling by name, list of names”), from nomen (“name”) + calare (“call”). Doublet of nomenclature.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nomenklaturas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "nomenklatura (plural nomenklaturas)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "87 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "85 15",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "41 6 3 2 40 1 7",
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{
"_dis": "41 6 2 1 40 1 8",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 21",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "76 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Marathi translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "73 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "99 1",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Soviet Union",
"orig": "en:Soviet Union",
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"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A list of bureaucratic posts in government and industry in the former Soviet Union (or other communist countries), filled by those appointed by the Party."
],
"id": "en-nomenklatura-en-noun-wvq991y0",
"links": [
[
"bureaucratic",
"bureaucratic"
],
[
"Soviet Union",
"Soviet Union"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now historical) A list of bureaucratic posts in government and industry in the former Soviet Union (or other communist countries), filled by those appointed by the Party."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"word": "nomenklatuura"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nomenklatura"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "nomenklatoúra",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "νομενκλατούρα"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nomenklatura"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "nomenklāturā",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"word": "नोमेनक्लातुरा"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nomenklatura"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nomenclatura"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nomenklatúra",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "номенклату́ра"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "номенклату́ра"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "nomenklatúra"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "nomenklatura"
},
{
"_dis1": "98 2",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "nomenklatúra",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "номенклату́ра"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2007 October 13, Will Hutton, “Will China's next leader be its Gorbachev?”, in The Observer, →ISSN:",
"text": "[Gorbachev] did not champion perestroika and glasnost alone; much of the nomenklatura had decided that the Soviet economic and social model was dysfunctional, corrupt and endemically inefficient and had to change.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Steven Pinker, The Better Angels of Our Nature, Penguin, published 2012, page 764:",
"text": "Communism envisioned […] an Authority Ranking of political control (in theory, the dictatorship of the proletariat; in practice, a nomenklatura of commissars under a charismatic dictator).",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023, Vincent Bevins, If We Burn: The Mass Protest Decade and the Missing Revolution, Public Affairs, →ISBN:",
"text": "During the long rule of Leonid Brezhnev (1964–1982), the nomenklatura had cemented their power in the system.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The people on such lists; (by extension), any privileged class, a social or political elite."
],
"id": "en-nomenklatura-en-noun-SJYAahyh",
"links": [
[
"elite",
"elite"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective) The people on such lists; (by extension), any privileged class, a social or political elite."
],
"tags": [
"collective"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "13 87",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a social or political elite class",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nomenklature"
},
{
"_dis1": "13 87",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "nomenklāturā",
"sense": "a social or political elite class",
"word": "नोमेनक्लातुरा"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nɒˌmɛnkləˈtjʊəɹə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/nɒˌmɛnkləˈtʃʊəɹə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "nomenclatura"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nomenklatura"
],
"word": "nomenklatura"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English doublets",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Russian",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Russian",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"en:Soviet Union"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ru",
"3": "номенклату́ра"
},
"expansion": "Russian номенклату́ра (nomenklatúra)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "nōmenclātūra",
"4": "",
"5": "a calling by name, list of names"
},
"expansion": "Latin nōmenclātūra (“a calling by name, list of names”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "nomenclature"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of nomenclature",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian номенклату́ра (nomenklatúra), from Latin nōmenclātūra (“a calling by name, list of names”), from nomen (“name”) + calare (“call”). Doublet of nomenclature.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "nomenklaturas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "nomenklatura (plural nomenklaturas)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A list of bureaucratic posts in government and industry in the former Soviet Union (or other communist countries), filled by those appointed by the Party."
],
"links": [
[
"bureaucratic",
"bureaucratic"
],
[
"Soviet Union",
"Soviet Union"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now historical) A list of bureaucratic posts in government and industry in the former Soviet Union (or other communist countries), filled by those appointed by the Party."
],
"tags": [
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English collective nouns",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2007 October 13, Will Hutton, “Will China's next leader be its Gorbachev?”, in The Observer, →ISSN:",
"text": "[Gorbachev] did not champion perestroika and glasnost alone; much of the nomenklatura had decided that the Soviet economic and social model was dysfunctional, corrupt and endemically inefficient and had to change.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Steven Pinker, The Better Angels of Our Nature, Penguin, published 2012, page 764:",
"text": "Communism envisioned […] an Authority Ranking of political control (in theory, the dictatorship of the proletariat; in practice, a nomenklatura of commissars under a charismatic dictator).",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2023, Vincent Bevins, If We Burn: The Mass Protest Decade and the Missing Revolution, Public Affairs, →ISBN:",
"text": "During the long rule of Leonid Brezhnev (1964–1982), the nomenklatura had cemented their power in the system.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The people on such lists; (by extension), any privileged class, a social or political elite."
],
"links": [
[
"elite",
"elite"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective) The people on such lists; (by extension), any privileged class, a social or political elite."
],
"tags": [
"collective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/nɒˌmɛnkləˈtjʊəɹə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/nɒˌmɛnkləˈtʃʊəɹə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nomenclatura"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"word": "nomenklatuura"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nomenklatura"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "nomenklatoúra",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "νομενκλατούρα"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nomenklatura"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "nomenklāturā",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"word": "नोमेनक्लातुरा"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nomenklatura"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nomenclatura"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "nomenklatúra",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "номенклату́ра"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "номенклату́ра"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "nomenklatúra"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "nomenklatura"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "nomenklatúra",
"sense": "list of posts in Soviet Union",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "номенклату́ра"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "a social or political elite class",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nomenklature"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "nomenklāturā",
"sense": "a social or political elite class",
"word": "नोमेनक्लातुरा"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"nomenklatura"
],
"word": "nomenklatura"
}
Download raw JSONL data for nomenklatura meaning in English (5.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (bcd5c38 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.