"managerial" meaning in English

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        "2": ":af",
        "3": "manager",
        "4": "-ial",
        "text": "+",
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      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)meh₂-der.\nProto-Italic *manus\nLatin manus\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íďďō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.\nLatin -izāre\nVulgar Latin *manizāre\nOld Italian maneggiareder.?\nOld French manegebor.\nMiddle English *manage\nEnglish manage\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzijos\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish manager\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisder.\nOld French -ialder.\nMiddle English -ial\nEnglish -ial\nEnglish managerial\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"hand\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hand\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)meh₂-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*manus\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"manus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"alt\" : \"-izāre\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-id-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : 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\"*manizāre\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-vul\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Italian\", \"term\" : \"maneggiare\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"roa-oit\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"manege\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"*manage\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"manage\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", 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[ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"managerial\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"managerial\">\nFrom manager + -ial.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)meh₂-der.\nProto-Italic *manus\nLatin manus\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íďďō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.\nLatin -izāre\nVulgar Latin *manizāre\nOld Italian maneggiareder.?\nOld French manegebor.\nMiddle English *manage\nEnglish manage\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzijos\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish manager\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisder.\nOld French -ialder.\nMiddle English -ial\nEnglish -ial\nEnglish managerial\nFrom manager + -ial.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more managerial",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most managerial",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
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      "args": {},
      "expansion": "managerial (comparative more managerial, superlative most managerial)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
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      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "managerialise"
        },
        {
          "word": "managerialism"
        },
        {
          "word": "managerialist"
        },
        {
          "word": "managerialize"
        },
        {
          "word": "managerially"
        },
        {
          "word": "micromanagerial"
        },
        {
          "word": "nonmanagerial"
        },
        {
          "word": "technomanagerial"
        },
        {
          "word": "unmanagerial"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
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          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              67,
              77
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1927, Ernest Bramah, Max Carrados Mysteries:",
          "text": "Annesley, at all events, saw an important-looking gentleman with a managerial air. He listened gravely and patiently to his visitor's recital and then struck a desk-bell.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
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              18,
              28
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1988, Robert Jackall, “Chapter 1: Moral Probations, Old and New”, in Moral Mazes: The World of Corporate Managers, Twentieth Anniversary edition, →ISBN, page 15:",
          "text": "As I crisscrossed managerial circles in different corporations, becoming known in some segments of the corporate world and running into managers that I had met in the course of my search, often in odd places, my personal contacts increased as managers referred me to each other.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              63,
              73
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2019, Candice Carty-Williams, Queenie, Trapeze, page 256:",
          "text": "I left the kitchen and went over to Chuckʼs desk, feeling very managerial when I asked him to show me his progress.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
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              313
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2023 March 8, David Clough, “The long road that led to Beeching”, in RAIL, page 38:",
          "text": "Terry Gourvish, the lead author if the authorised commercial history of BR, described the new BTC structure thus: \"The conclusion must be that the combination of a few undynamic railwaymen, underpaid full-timers (Commission and General Staff) and poorly-paid part-time businessmen was not a very potent managerial cocktail.\"",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
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              66,
              76
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2024 September 7, David Hytner, “Rice and Grealish start new England era with Nations League victory in Ireland”, in The Guardian:",
          "text": "The game was much bigger than it would have been before England’s managerial handover from Southgate, Carsley the focus of plenty of the attention.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of or relating to a manager or management; involving management-like duties."
      ],
      "id": "en-managerial-en-adj-k38adovr",
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "management"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "lang_code": "ca",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "directiu"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "jīnglǐ dì",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "經理的 /经理的"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "guǎnlǐrén dì",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "管理人的"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "johtamis-"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "johto-"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "managérial"
        },
        {
          "code": "fur",
          "lang": "Friulian",
          "lang_code": "fur",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "dirigjenziâl"
        },
        {
          "code": "fur",
          "lang": "Friulian",
          "lang_code": "fur",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "manageriâl"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "lang_code": "ka",
          "roman": "meneǯeruli",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "მენეჯერული"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "lang_code": "ka",
          "roman": "sameneǯero",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "სამენეჯერო"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "Führungs-"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "Manager-"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "Management-"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "leitend"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "lang_code": "hu",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "igazgatói"
        },
        {
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "lang_code": "io",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "direktala"
        },
        {
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "lang_code": "ga",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "bainisteoireach"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "lang_code": "it",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "manageriale"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "lang_code": "it",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "dirigenziale"
        },
        {
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "lang_code": "ko",
          "roman": "gwalliui",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "관리의"
        },
        {
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "lang_code": "la",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "prōcūrātōrius"
        },
        {
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "lang_code": "mk",
          "roman": "rakovoditelski",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "раководителски"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "kierowniczy"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "gerencial"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "lang_code": "ru",
          "roman": "ménedžerskij",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "ме́неджерский"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "gerencial"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "lang_code": "sv",
          "sense": "involving management-like duties",
          "word": "manageriell"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
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      "ipa": "/ˌmænɪˈd͡ʒɪəɹi.əl/",
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        "Received-Pronunciation"
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      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌmænəˈd͡ʒɪɹi.əl/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˌmɛənəˈd͡ʒɪɹi.əl]",
      "note": "/æ/ raising",
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      "tags": [
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  "word": "managerial"
}

{
  "derived": [
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      "word": "managerialise"
    },
    {
      "word": "managerialism"
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    {
      "word": "managerialist"
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    {
      "word": "managerialize"
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    {
      "word": "managerially"
    },
    {
      "word": "micromanagerial"
    },
    {
      "word": "nonmanagerial"
    },
    {
      "word": "technomanagerial"
    },
    {
      "word": "unmanagerial"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "manager",
        "4": "-ial",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)meh₂-der.\nProto-Italic *manus\nLatin manus\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íďďō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.\nLatin -izāre\nVulgar Latin *manizāre\nOld Italian maneggiareder.?\nOld French manegebor.\nMiddle English *manage\nEnglish manage\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzijos\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish manager\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisder.\nOld French -ialder.\nMiddle English -ial\nEnglish -ial\nEnglish managerial\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"hand\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hand\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)meh₂-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*manus\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"manus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"alt\" : \"-izāre\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-id-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-idyéti\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-íďďō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ζω\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-izō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\", \"pos\" : \"verb-forming suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Vulgar Latin\", \"term\" : \"*manizāre\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la-vul\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Italian\", \"term\" : \"maneggiare\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"roa-oit\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"manege\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"*manage\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"manage\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āzijos\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"manager\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ial\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"managerial\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"managerial\">\nFrom manager + -ial.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)meh₂-der.\nProto-Italic *manus\nLatin manus\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íďďō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.\nLatin -izāre\nVulgar Latin *manizāre\nOld Italian maneggiareder.?\nOld French manegebor.\nMiddle English *manage\nEnglish manage\nProto-Indo-European *-yósder.\nProto-Italic *-āzijos\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\nEnglish -er\nEnglish manager\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālisder.\nOld French -ialder.\nMiddle English -ial\nEnglish -ial\nEnglish managerial\nFrom manager + -ial.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more managerial",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most managerial",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "managerial (comparative more managerial, superlative most managerial)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "management"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English adjectives",
        "English entries with etymology texts",
        "English entries with etymology trees",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)meh₂-",
        "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)",
        "English terms suffixed with -ial",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Entries with translation boxes",
        "Pages using etymon with no ID",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Pages with etymology trees",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned",
        "Terms with Catalan translations",
        "Terms with Finnish translations",
        "Terms with French translations",
        "Terms with Friulian translations",
        "Terms with Georgian translations",
        "Terms with German translations",
        "Terms with Hungarian translations",
        "Terms with Ido translations",
        "Terms with Irish translations",
        "Terms with Italian translations",
        "Terms with Korean translations",
        "Terms with Latin translations",
        "Terms with Macedonian translations",
        "Terms with Mandarin translations",
        "Terms with Polish translations",
        "Terms with Portuguese translations",
        "Terms with Russian translations",
        "Terms with Spanish translations",
        "Terms with Swedish translations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              67,
              77
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1927, Ernest Bramah, Max Carrados Mysteries:",
          "text": "Annesley, at all events, saw an important-looking gentleman with a managerial air. He listened gravely and patiently to his visitor's recital and then struck a desk-bell.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              18,
              28
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1988, Robert Jackall, “Chapter 1: Moral Probations, Old and New”, in Moral Mazes: The World of Corporate Managers, Twentieth Anniversary edition, →ISBN, page 15:",
          "text": "As I crisscrossed managerial circles in different corporations, becoming known in some segments of the corporate world and running into managers that I had met in the course of my search, often in odd places, my personal contacts increased as managers referred me to each other.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              63,
              73
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2019, Candice Carty-Williams, Queenie, Trapeze, page 256:",
          "text": "I left the kitchen and went over to Chuckʼs desk, feeling very managerial when I asked him to show me his progress.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              303,
              313
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2023 March 8, David Clough, “The long road that led to Beeching”, in RAIL, page 38:",
          "text": "Terry Gourvish, the lead author if the authorised commercial history of BR, described the new BTC structure thus: \"The conclusion must be that the combination of a few undynamic railwaymen, underpaid full-timers (Commission and General Staff) and poorly-paid part-time businessmen was not a very potent managerial cocktail.\"",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              66,
              76
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2024 September 7, David Hytner, “Rice and Grealish start new England era with Nations League victory in Ireland”, in The Guardian:",
          "text": "The game was much bigger than it would have been before England’s managerial handover from Southgate, Carsley the focus of plenty of the attention.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of or relating to a manager or management; involving management-like duties."
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌmænɪˈd͡ʒɪəɹi.əl/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-managerial.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-managerial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-managerial.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-managerial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-managerial.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌmænəˈd͡ʒɪɹi.əl/",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˌmɛənəˈd͡ʒɪɹi.əl]",
      "note": "/æ/ raising",
      "tags": [
        "Canada",
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Fae7-managerial.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/73/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Fae7-managerial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Fae7-managerial.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/73/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Fae7-managerial.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Fae7-managerial.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Georgia"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "directiu"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "jīnglǐ dì",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "經理的 /经理的"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "guǎnlǐrén dì",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "管理人的"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "johtamis-"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "johto-"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "managérial"
    },
    {
      "code": "fur",
      "lang": "Friulian",
      "lang_code": "fur",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "dirigjenziâl"
    },
    {
      "code": "fur",
      "lang": "Friulian",
      "lang_code": "fur",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "manageriâl"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "roman": "meneǯeruli",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "მენეჯერული"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "roman": "sameneǯero",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "სამენეჯერო"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "Führungs-"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "Manager-"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "Management-"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "leitend"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "lang_code": "hu",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "igazgatói"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "lang_code": "io",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "direktala"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "lang_code": "ga",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "bainisteoireach"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "manageriale"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "dirigenziale"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "gwalliui",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "관리의"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "lang_code": "la",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "prōcūrātōrius"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "lang_code": "mk",
      "roman": "rakovoditelski",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "раководителски"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "kierowniczy"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "gerencial"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "roman": "ménedžerskij",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "ме́неджерский"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "gerencial"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "lang_code": "sv",
      "sense": "involving management-like duties",
      "word": "manageriell"
    }
  ],
  "word": "managerial"
}