"lirk" meaning in English

See lirk in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Forms: lirks [plural]
Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)k Etymology: From Middle English lerke, from the verb. See above. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|lerke}} Middle English lerke Head templates: {{en-noun}} lirk (plural lirks)
  1. (transitive, UK dialectal) A crease; rumple; fold. Tags: UK, dialectal, transitive
    Sense id: en-lirk-en-noun-l4VshhiX Categories (other): British English
  2. (transitive, UK dialectal, Scotland) A fold in the skin; a wrinkle. Tags: Scotland, UK, dialectal, transitive
    Sense id: en-lirk-en-noun-lShJpAUn Categories (other): British English, Scottish English
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: lurk, lerk, lairk, lark
Etymology number: 2

Verb

Forms: lirks [present, singular, third-person], lirking [participle, present], lirked [participle, past], lirked [past]
Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)k Etymology: From Middle English lyrken, from Old Norse lerka (“to plait, fold, bind, lace up tightly, chastise”), related to Old Norse lurkr (“cudgel, club”). Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|lyrken}} Middle English lyrken, {{der|en|non|lerka|t=to plait, fold, bind, lace up tightly, chastise}} Old Norse lerka (“to plait, fold, bind, lace up tightly, chastise”), {{cog|non|lurkr|t=cudgel, club}} Old Norse lurkr (“cudgel, club”) Head templates: {{en-verb}} lirk (third-person singular simple present lirks, present participle lirking, simple past and past participle lirked)
  1. (transitive, UK dialectal) To jerk. Tags: UK, dialectal, transitive
    Sense id: en-lirk-en-verb-GfHapDGk Categories (other): British English
  2. (transitive, UK dialectal) To crease; rumple; cause to hang in loose folds. Tags: UK, dialectal, transitive
    Sense id: en-lirk-en-verb-MfrPWhIf Categories (other): British English
  3. (intransitive, UK dialectal, Scotland) To become creased or wrinkled. Tags: Scotland, UK, dialectal, intransitive
    Sense id: en-lirk-en-verb-FC7PVri7 Categories (other): British English, Scottish English
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: lurk, lerk, lairk, lark
Etymology number: 1

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for lirk meaning in English (3.8kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "lyrken"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English lyrken",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "lerka",
        "t": "to plait, fold, bind, lace up tightly, chastise"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse lerka (“to plait, fold, bind, lace up tightly, chastise”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "lurkr",
        "t": "cudgel, club"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse lurkr (“cudgel, club”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English lyrken, from Old Norse lerka (“to plait, fold, bind, lace up tightly, chastise”), related to Old Norse lurkr (“cudgel, club”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "lirks",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lirking",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lirked",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lirked",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "lirk (third-person singular simple present lirks, present participle lirking, simple past and past participle lirked)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "British English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To jerk."
      ],
      "id": "en-lirk-en-verb-GfHapDGk",
      "links": [
        [
          "jerk",
          "jerk"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, UK dialectal) To jerk."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "dialectal",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "British English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To crease; rumple; cause to hang in loose folds."
      ],
      "id": "en-lirk-en-verb-MfrPWhIf",
      "links": [
        [
          "crease",
          "crease"
        ],
        [
          "rumple",
          "rumple"
        ],
        [
          "fold",
          "fold"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, UK dialectal) To crease; rumple; cause to hang in loose folds."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "dialectal",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "British English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Scottish English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To become creased or wrinkled."
      ],
      "id": "en-lirk-en-verb-FC7PVri7",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, UK dialectal, Scotland) To become creased or wrinkled."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Scotland",
        "UK",
        "dialectal",
        "intransitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lurk"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lerk"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lairk"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lark"
    }
  ],
  "word": "lirk"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "lerke"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English lerke",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English lerke, from the verb. See above.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "lirks",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "lirk (plural lirks)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "British English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A crease; rumple; fold."
      ],
      "id": "en-lirk-en-noun-l4VshhiX",
      "links": [
        [
          "crease",
          "crease"
        ],
        [
          "rumple",
          "rumple"
        ],
        [
          "fold",
          "fold"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, UK dialectal) A crease; rumple; fold."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "dialectal",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "British English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Scottish English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A fold in the skin; a wrinkle."
      ],
      "id": "en-lirk-en-noun-lShJpAUn",
      "links": [
        [
          "wrinkle",
          "wrinkle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, UK dialectal, Scotland) A fold in the skin; a wrinkle."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Scotland",
        "UK",
        "dialectal",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lurk"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lerk"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lairk"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lark"
    }
  ],
  "word": "lirk"
}
{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "lyrken"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English lyrken",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "lerka",
        "t": "to plait, fold, bind, lace up tightly, chastise"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse lerka (“to plait, fold, bind, lace up tightly, chastise”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "lurkr",
        "t": "cudgel, club"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse lurkr (“cudgel, club”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English lyrken, from Old Norse lerka (“to plait, fold, bind, lace up tightly, chastise”), related to Old Norse lurkr (“cudgel, club”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "lirks",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lirking",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lirked",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lirked",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "lirk (third-person singular simple present lirks, present participle lirking, simple past and past participle lirked)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "British English",
        "English dialectal terms",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To jerk."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "jerk",
          "jerk"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, UK dialectal) To jerk."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "dialectal",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "British English",
        "English dialectal terms",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To crease; rumple; cause to hang in loose folds."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "crease",
          "crease"
        ],
        [
          "rumple",
          "rumple"
        ],
        [
          "fold",
          "fold"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, UK dialectal) To crease; rumple; cause to hang in loose folds."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "dialectal",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "British English",
        "English dialectal terms",
        "English intransitive verbs",
        "Scottish English"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To become creased or wrinkled."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, UK dialectal, Scotland) To become creased or wrinkled."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Scotland",
        "UK",
        "dialectal",
        "intransitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "lurk"
    },
    {
      "word": "lerk"
    },
    {
      "word": "lairk"
    },
    {
      "word": "lark"
    }
  ],
  "word": "lirk"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "lerke"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English lerke",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English lerke, from the verb. See above.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "lirks",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "lirk (plural lirks)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "British English",
        "English dialectal terms",
        "English transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A crease; rumple; fold."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "crease",
          "crease"
        ],
        [
          "rumple",
          "rumple"
        ],
        [
          "fold",
          "fold"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, UK dialectal) A crease; rumple; fold."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "UK",
        "dialectal",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "British English",
        "English dialectal terms",
        "English transitive verbs",
        "Scottish English"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A fold in the skin; a wrinkle."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wrinkle",
          "wrinkle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, UK dialectal, Scotland) A fold in the skin; a wrinkle."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Scotland",
        "UK",
        "dialectal",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)k"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "lurk"
    },
    {
      "word": "lerk"
    },
    {
      "word": "lairk"
    },
    {
      "word": "lark"
    }
  ],
  "word": "lirk"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-03-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-03-01 using wiktextract (68773ab and 5f6ddbb). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.