"lady-in-waiting" meaning in English

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "From the collection of the Musée du Second Empire in the Château de Compiègne, Compiègne, Oise, France.",
        "group": "n",
        "name": "n1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "refn"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "lady"
      },
      "expansion": "lady",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "in"
      },
      "expansion": "in",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "waiting",
        "3": "",
        "4": "attendance, service"
      },
      "expansion": "waiting (“attendance, service”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From lady + in + waiting (“attendance, service”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ladies-in-waiting",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ladies-in-waiting"
      },
      "expansion": "lady-in-waiting (plural ladies-in-waiting)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "lady-in-wait‧ing"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Female people",
          "orig": "en:Female people",
          "parents": [
            "Female",
            "People",
            "Gender",
            "Human",
            "Biology",
            "Psychology",
            "Sociology",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Social sciences",
            "Fundamental",
            "Society"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Nobility",
          "orig": "en:Nobility",
          "parents": [
            "High society",
            "People",
            "Society",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Occupations",
          "orig": "en:Occupations",
          "parents": [
            "People",
            "Work",
            "Human",
            "Human activity",
            "All topics",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1751, [Frederick the Great], “Frederick III. the First King of Prussia”, in Memoirs of the House of Brandenburg. From the Earliest Accounts, to the Death of Frederick I. King of Prussia. […], Dublin: Printed by S. Powell, for G. Faulkner […], and Matt[hew] Williamson […], →OCLC, page 100",
          "text": "[T]he electreſs [Sophia Charlotte of Hanover] was heard to ſay to one of her ladies in waiting, \"that it vexed her to the very heart to go and act in Pruſſia the theatrical queen along with her Eſop.[\"]",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1796, “Chronicle. [February 1st.]”, in The Annual Register, or A View of the History, Politics, and Literature, for the Year 1796, 2nd edition, volume XV, London: Printed by B[uchanan] McMillan, […], for the proprietors of Dodsley’s Annual Register, […], published 1807, →OCLC, page 5",
          "text": "This night, after eleven o'clock, as the royal family were returning from Drury-lane theatre, when the carriages had reached the end of John-street, Pall Mall, a stone was flung with such force as to break one of the glass pannels in the coach, in which were their majesties and the lady in waiting; which, after striking the queen on the cheek, fell into lady Harrington's lap.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1920, J[ohn] O[tway] P[ercy] Bland, “[Exhibit G.] Three Palaces.”, in Administration of Immigration Laws: Hearings before the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization: House of Representatives, Sixty-sixth Congress, Second Session: […], Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →OCLC, page 373",
          "text": "The political influence wielded by many of the court ladies, and especially by the first lady-in-waiting (mother of the present Emperor), bears a certain resemblance to that which the eunuchs wielded under the later Manchus at the court of Peking. [...] And behind the 30 ladies-in-waiting there are the rank and file of female palace attendants, some 300, all of Kyoto stock—quite sufficient to keep any conscientious chamberlain on the qui vive.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1947 January and February, “South African Royal Train”, in Railway Magazine, page 47",
          "text": "In the Queen's coach are the Queen's stateroom and bathroom, the Royal Family lounge, lady-in-waiting's compartment and bathroom, and dresser's room. […] Princess Elizabeth and Princess Margaret are accommodated in one coach, and each of the two suites comprises a stateroom with its adjoining bathroom. A bedroom is provided for each of two ladies-in-waiting, and a separate compartment for the maid.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1986 September–October, Harold Courlander, “How Makeda Visited Jerusalem, and How Menelik Became King”, in Robert G. Forman, editor, Michigan Alumnus, volume 93, number 1, Ann Arbor, Mich.: Published by the Alumni Association of the University of Michigan, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 37, columns 2–3",
          "text": "At last she [Makeda, the Queen of Sheba] was overcome by a desire to go to Jerusalem and see with her own eyes the things about which she had heard. [...] She chose as her companion on the journey her lady-in-waiting, and the two of them travelled in sedan chairs mounted on the backs of camels.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2013, Joanne Mattern, “A Life at Court”, in Dona Herweck Rice, editor, Geoffrey Chaucer: Medieval Writer, Huntington Beach, Calif.: Teacher Created Materials, page 14",
          "text": "Young girls from wealthy families were often sent to the royal court to help the queen and noblewomen. After becoming a teenager, a girl could then be named a lady-in-waiting. These ladies assisted their mistress in any way and usually went with her when she traveled.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A lady, often a noblewoman, in the household of a queen, princess, or other woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant, generally a role considered an honour."
      ],
      "id": "en-lady-in-waiting-en-noun-PEwFQvK2",
      "links": [
        [
          "lady",
          "lady"
        ],
        [
          "noblewoman",
          "noblewoman"
        ],
        [
          "household",
          "household"
        ],
        [
          "queen",
          "queen"
        ],
        [
          "princess",
          "princess"
        ],
        [
          "woman",
          "woman"
        ],
        [
          "higher",
          "high#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "rank",
          "rank#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "attend",
          "attend"
        ],
        [
          "personal",
          "personal"
        ],
        [
          "assistant",
          "assistant"
        ],
        [
          "role",
          "role"
        ],
        [
          "honour",
          "honour"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "court lady"
        }
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "br",
          "lang": "Breton",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "plac'h-enor"
        },
        {
          "code": "br",
          "lang": "Breton",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "dimezell a enor"
        },
        {
          "code": "br",
          "lang": "Breton",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "dimezell a heul"
        },
        {
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "pridvorna dama",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "придворна дама"
        },
        {
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "dama de companyia"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "宮官"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "gōngguān",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "宫官"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "宮女"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "gōngnǚ",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "宫女"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "nǚguān",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "女官"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "shìnǚ",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "侍女"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "nǚshìchén",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "女侍臣"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "cǎinǚ",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "archaic"
          ],
          "word": "采女"
        },
        {
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "dvorní dáma"
        },
        {
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "hofdame"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "hofdame"
        },
        {
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "õuedaam"
        },
        {
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "õukonnadaam"
        },
        {
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "hoovidaam"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "kamarineiti"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "kamarineito"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "hovinainen"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "dame de compagnie"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "dame d’attendre"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "dame d’honneur"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "suivante"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "preilina",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "ფრეილინა"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Hofdame"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Ehrendame"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Palastdame"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "udvarhölgy"
        },
        {
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "bean choimhdeachta"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "dama di compagnia"
        },
        {
          "alt": "にょかん, nyokan, にょうかん, nyōkan",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "女官"
        },
        {
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "srəy snɑm",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "ស្រីស្នំ"
        },
        {
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "hofdama"
        },
        {
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "hoffdame"
        },
        {
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "hoffdame"
        },
        {
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "nadime",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "ندیمه"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "dama dworu"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "dama de companhia"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "aia"
        },
        {
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "doamnă de onoare"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "fréjlina",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фре́йлина"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "pridvornaja dama",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "придворная дама"
        },
        {
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "dvorná dáma"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "dama de compañía"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "hovdam"
        },
        {
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "dáma"
        },
        {
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "นางสนองพระโอษฐ์"
        },
        {
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "nedime"
        },
        {
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "fréjlina",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "фре́йліна"
        },
        {
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "cung quan"
        },
        {
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "nữ quan"
        },
        {
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
          "word": "sĩ nữ"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "woman who is a maid or servant to a lady",
          "word": "kamarineiti"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "woman who is a maid or servant to a lady",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "suivante"
        },
        {
          "alt": "じじょ",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "jijo",
          "sense": "woman who is a maid or servant to a lady",
          "word": "侍女"
        }
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Château de Compiègne",
        "Compiègne",
        "Eugénie de Montijo",
        "Franz Xaver Winterhalter",
        "Napoleon III"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌleɪdɪ ɪn ˈweɪtɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌleɪdi ɪn ˈweɪtɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[-ɾɪŋ]",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eɪtɪŋ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-lady-in-waiting.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/En-us-lady-in-waiting.oga/En-us-lady-in-waiting.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/En-us-lady-in-waiting.oga",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "lady-in-waiting"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "From the collection of the Musée du Second Empire in the Château de Compiègne, Compiègne, Oise, France.",
        "group": "n",
        "name": "n1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "refn"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "lady"
      },
      "expansion": "lady",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "in"
      },
      "expansion": "in",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "waiting",
        "3": "",
        "4": "attendance, service"
      },
      "expansion": "waiting (“attendance, service”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From lady + in + waiting (“attendance, service”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ladies-in-waiting",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ladies-in-waiting"
      },
      "expansion": "lady-in-waiting (plural ladies-in-waiting)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "lady-in-wait‧ing"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English multiword terms",
        "English nouns",
        "English nouns with irregular plurals",
        "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "English terms with audio links",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
        "Rhymes:English/eɪtɪŋ",
        "Rhymes:English/eɪtɪŋ/5 syllables",
        "en:Female people",
        "en:Nobility",
        "en:Occupations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1751, [Frederick the Great], “Frederick III. the First King of Prussia”, in Memoirs of the House of Brandenburg. From the Earliest Accounts, to the Death of Frederick I. King of Prussia. […], Dublin: Printed by S. Powell, for G. Faulkner […], and Matt[hew] Williamson […], →OCLC, page 100",
          "text": "[T]he electreſs [Sophia Charlotte of Hanover] was heard to ſay to one of her ladies in waiting, \"that it vexed her to the very heart to go and act in Pruſſia the theatrical queen along with her Eſop.[\"]",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1796, “Chronicle. [February 1st.]”, in The Annual Register, or A View of the History, Politics, and Literature, for the Year 1796, 2nd edition, volume XV, London: Printed by B[uchanan] McMillan, […], for the proprietors of Dodsley’s Annual Register, […], published 1807, →OCLC, page 5",
          "text": "This night, after eleven o'clock, as the royal family were returning from Drury-lane theatre, when the carriages had reached the end of John-street, Pall Mall, a stone was flung with such force as to break one of the glass pannels in the coach, in which were their majesties and the lady in waiting; which, after striking the queen on the cheek, fell into lady Harrington's lap.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1920, J[ohn] O[tway] P[ercy] Bland, “[Exhibit G.] Three Palaces.”, in Administration of Immigration Laws: Hearings before the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization: House of Representatives, Sixty-sixth Congress, Second Session: […], Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →OCLC, page 373",
          "text": "The political influence wielded by many of the court ladies, and especially by the first lady-in-waiting (mother of the present Emperor), bears a certain resemblance to that which the eunuchs wielded under the later Manchus at the court of Peking. [...] And behind the 30 ladies-in-waiting there are the rank and file of female palace attendants, some 300, all of Kyoto stock—quite sufficient to keep any conscientious chamberlain on the qui vive.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1947 January and February, “South African Royal Train”, in Railway Magazine, page 47",
          "text": "In the Queen's coach are the Queen's stateroom and bathroom, the Royal Family lounge, lady-in-waiting's compartment and bathroom, and dresser's room. […] Princess Elizabeth and Princess Margaret are accommodated in one coach, and each of the two suites comprises a stateroom with its adjoining bathroom. A bedroom is provided for each of two ladies-in-waiting, and a separate compartment for the maid.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1986 September–October, Harold Courlander, “How Makeda Visited Jerusalem, and How Menelik Became King”, in Robert G. Forman, editor, Michigan Alumnus, volume 93, number 1, Ann Arbor, Mich.: Published by the Alumni Association of the University of Michigan, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 37, columns 2–3",
          "text": "At last she [Makeda, the Queen of Sheba] was overcome by a desire to go to Jerusalem and see with her own eyes the things about which she had heard. [...] She chose as her companion on the journey her lady-in-waiting, and the two of them travelled in sedan chairs mounted on the backs of camels.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2013, Joanne Mattern, “A Life at Court”, in Dona Herweck Rice, editor, Geoffrey Chaucer: Medieval Writer, Huntington Beach, Calif.: Teacher Created Materials, page 14",
          "text": "Young girls from wealthy families were often sent to the royal court to help the queen and noblewomen. After becoming a teenager, a girl could then be named a lady-in-waiting. These ladies assisted their mistress in any way and usually went with her when she traveled.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A lady, often a noblewoman, in the household of a queen, princess, or other woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant, generally a role considered an honour."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "lady",
          "lady"
        ],
        [
          "noblewoman",
          "noblewoman"
        ],
        [
          "household",
          "household"
        ],
        [
          "queen",
          "queen"
        ],
        [
          "princess",
          "princess"
        ],
        [
          "woman",
          "woman"
        ],
        [
          "higher",
          "high#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "rank",
          "rank#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "attend",
          "attend"
        ],
        [
          "personal",
          "personal"
        ],
        [
          "assistant",
          "assistant"
        ],
        [
          "role",
          "role"
        ],
        [
          "honour",
          "honour"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "court lady"
        }
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Château de Compiègne",
        "Compiègne",
        "Eugénie de Montijo",
        "Franz Xaver Winterhalter",
        "Napoleon III"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌleɪdɪ ɪn ˈweɪtɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌleɪdi ɪn ˈweɪtɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[-ɾɪŋ]",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-eɪtɪŋ"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-lady-in-waiting.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/En-us-lady-in-waiting.oga/En-us-lady-in-waiting.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/En-us-lady-in-waiting.oga",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "br",
      "lang": "Breton",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "plac'h-enor"
    },
    {
      "code": "br",
      "lang": "Breton",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "dimezell a enor"
    },
    {
      "code": "br",
      "lang": "Breton",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "dimezell a heul"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "pridvorna dama",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "придворна дама"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "dama de companyia"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "宮官"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "gōngguān",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "宫官"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "宮女"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "gōngnǚ",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "宫女"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "nǚguān",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "女官"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "shìnǚ",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "侍女"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "nǚshìchén",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "女侍臣"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "cǎinǚ",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ],
      "word": "采女"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "dvorní dáma"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "hofdame"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "hofdame"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "õuedaam"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "õukonnadaam"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "hoovidaam"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "kamarineiti"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "kamarineito"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "hovinainen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "dame de compagnie"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "dame d’attendre"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "dame d’honneur"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "suivante"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "preilina",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "ფრეილინა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Hofdame"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Ehrendame"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Palastdame"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "udvarhölgy"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "bean choimhdeachta"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "dama di compagnia"
    },
    {
      "alt": "にょかん, nyokan, にょうかん, nyōkan",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "女官"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "srəy snɑm",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "ស្រីស្នំ"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "hofdama"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "hoffdame"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "hoffdame"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "nadime",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "ندیمه"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "dama dworu"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "dama de companhia"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "aia"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "doamnă de onoare"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "fréjlina",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фре́йлина"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "pridvornaja dama",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "придворная дама"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "dvorná dáma"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "dama de compañía"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "hovdam"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "dáma"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "นางสนองพระโอษฐ์"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "nedime"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "fréjlina",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "фре́йліна"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "cung quan"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "nữ quan"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "lady in the household of a woman of higher rank who attends her as a personal assistant",
      "word": "sĩ nữ"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "woman who is a maid or servant to a lady",
      "word": "kamarineiti"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "woman who is a maid or servant to a lady",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "suivante"
    },
    {
      "alt": "じじょ",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "jijo",
      "sense": "woman who is a maid or servant to a lady",
      "word": "侍女"
    }
  ],
  "word": "lady-in-waiting"
}