See kairomone in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kairomone meaning in English (8.1kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
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"1": "great spruce bark beetle"
},
"expansion": "great spruce bark beetle",
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "καιρός",
"notext": "1",
"pos": "noun",
"t": "advantage; profit"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek καιρός (kairós, “advantage; profit”, noun)",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "pheromone"
},
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"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "coined"
},
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],
"etymology_text": "Blend of Ancient Greek καιρός (kairós, “advantage; profit”, noun) + English pheromone, coined in the 1970 article “Allomones and Kairomones: Transspecific Chemical Messengers” by the American geneticist William Lacy Brown, Jr. (1913–1991), the German-American ecologist and entomologist Thomas Eisner (1929–2011), and the American ecologist Robert Harding Whittaker (1920–1980) which was published in BioScience: see the quotation.",
"forms": [
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"form": "kairomones",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
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"args": {},
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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{
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],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "allomone"
},
{
"word": "apneumone"
},
{
"word": "pheromone"
},
{
"word": "synomone"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kairomonal"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "[1970 January, William L[acy] Brown, Jr., Thomas Eisner, Robert H[arding] Whittaker, “Allomones and Kairomones: Transspecific Chemical Messengers”, in BioScience, volume 20, number 1, Washington, D.C.: American Institute of Biological Sciences, →DOI, →ISSN, page 21",
"text": "Among these substances, we propose to designate two major functional groupings by the terms allomone and kairomone, chosen as intentional parallels to the term pheromone.]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1973 December, L. B. Hendry, P. D. Greany, R. J. Gill, “Kairomone Mediated Host‐finding Behavior in the Parasitic Wasp Orgilus lepidus”, in Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, volume 16, number 4, Amsterdam: Nederlandse Entomologische Vereniging [Netherlands Entomological Society], →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, abstract, page 471",
"text": "Host‐finding by the parasitic wasp Orgilus lepidus, a braconid parasite, is mediated by two kairomones present in the frass of the host insect, the potato tuberworm.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2000 August, D. J. Brothers, G[unther] Tschuch, F. Burger, “Associations of Mutillid Wasps (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae) with Eusocial Insects”, in Insectes Sociaux, volume 47, Heidelberg: Birkhäuser Verlag for the International Union for the Study of Social Insects, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 201–211",
"text": "Mutillids apparently use odour signals (kairomones) while actively running in suitable locations for finding such hosts, and must spend much time searching, with little prospect of finding numerous hosts.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any substance produced by an individual of one species (often an insect) that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer."
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "semiochemical"
}
],
"id": "en-kairomone-en-noun-HTJAcrlO",
"links": [
[
"biochemistry",
"biochemistry"
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[
"ecology",
"ecology"
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[
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],
[
"produced",
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[
"individual",
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[
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[
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"recipient"
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"(biochemistry, ecology) Any substance produced by an individual of one species (often an insect) that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer."
],
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"biochemistry",
"biology",
"chemistry",
"ecology",
"microbiology",
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"physical-sciences"
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{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kairomona"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"word": "開洛蒙"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kāiluòméng",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"word": "开洛蒙"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"word": "kairomoonid"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"word": "kairomoni"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kairomone"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"word": "cairomona"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Kairomon"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"word": "kairomonas"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"word": "کایرومون"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"word": "cairomona"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "κajromony",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"word": "κайромони"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"BioScience",
"Thomas Eisner"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaɪɹə(ʊ)məʊn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaɪɹəˌmoʊn/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-kairomone.wav",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "kairomone"
}
{
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "allomone"
},
{
"word": "apneumone"
},
{
"word": "pheromone"
},
{
"word": "synomone"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kairomonal"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"args": {
"1": "great spruce bark beetle"
},
"expansion": "great spruce bark beetle",
"name": "vern"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Dendroctonus micans",
"2": "species"
},
"expansion": "Dendroctonus micans",
"name": "taxlink"
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"notext": "1",
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"name": "lbor"
},
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},
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"name": "m"
},
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"args": {
"1": "coined"
},
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Blend of Ancient Greek καιρός (kairós, “advantage; profit”, noun) + English pheromone, coined in the 1970 article “Allomones and Kairomones: Transspecific Chemical Messengers” by the American geneticist William Lacy Brown, Jr. (1913–1991), the German-American ecologist and entomologist Thomas Eisner (1929–2011), and the American ecologist Robert Harding Whittaker (1920–1980) which was published in BioScience: see the quotation.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kairomones",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kairomone (plural kairomones)",
"name": "en-noun"
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],
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{
"word": "semiochemical"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kai‧ro‧mone"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Requests for gender in Galician entries",
"Requests for gender in Lithuanian entries",
"Requests for gender in Spanish entries",
"Requests for gender in Ukrainian entries",
"en:Biochemistry",
"en:Ecology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "[1970 January, William L[acy] Brown, Jr., Thomas Eisner, Robert H[arding] Whittaker, “Allomones and Kairomones: Transspecific Chemical Messengers”, in BioScience, volume 20, number 1, Washington, D.C.: American Institute of Biological Sciences, →DOI, →ISSN, page 21",
"text": "Among these substances, we propose to designate two major functional groupings by the terms allomone and kairomone, chosen as intentional parallels to the term pheromone.]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1973 December, L. B. Hendry, P. D. Greany, R. J. Gill, “Kairomone Mediated Host‐finding Behavior in the Parasitic Wasp Orgilus lepidus”, in Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, volume 16, number 4, Amsterdam: Nederlandse Entomologische Vereniging [Netherlands Entomological Society], →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, abstract, page 471",
"text": "Host‐finding by the parasitic wasp Orgilus lepidus, a braconid parasite, is mediated by two kairomones present in the frass of the host insect, the potato tuberworm.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2000 August, D. J. Brothers, G[unther] Tschuch, F. Burger, “Associations of Mutillid Wasps (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae) with Eusocial Insects”, in Insectes Sociaux, volume 47, Heidelberg: Birkhäuser Verlag for the International Union for the Study of Social Insects, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 201–211",
"text": "Mutillids apparently use odour signals (kairomones) while actively running in suitable locations for finding such hosts, and must spend much time searching, with little prospect of finding numerous hosts.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any substance produced by an individual of one species (often an insect) that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer."
],
"links": [
[
"biochemistry",
"biochemistry"
],
[
"ecology",
"ecology"
],
[
"substance",
"substance#Noun"
],
[
"produced",
"produce#Verb"
],
[
"individual",
"individual#Noun"
],
[
"species",
"species"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
],
[
"benefits",
"benefit#Verb"
],
[
"recipient",
"recipient"
],
[
"different",
"different"
],
[
"harmful",
"harmful"
],
[
"producer",
"producer"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biochemistry, ecology) Any substance produced by an individual of one species (often an insect) that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer."
],
"topics": [
"biochemistry",
"biology",
"chemistry",
"ecology",
"microbiology",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
],
"wikipedia": [
"BioScience",
"Thomas Eisner"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaɪɹəˌmoʊn/",
"tags": [
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]
},
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kairomona"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"word": "開洛蒙"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "kāiluòméng",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"word": "开洛蒙"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"word": "kairomoonid"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"word": "kairomoni"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kairomone"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"word": "cairomona"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Kairomon"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"word": "kairomonas"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"word": "کایرومون"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"word": "cairomona"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "κajromony",
"sense": "any substance produced by an individual of one species that benefits the recipient which is of a different species but is harmful to the producer",
"word": "κайромони"
}
],
"word": "kairomone"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (ae36afe and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.