See gerund-participle in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"examples": [
{
"text": "Near-synonyms: (in other operational definitions) gerund, present participle"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Rodney Huddleston, Geoffrey K. Pullum, A Student's Introduction to English Grammar:",
"text": "The gerund-participle ¶ Traditionally (for example, in the grammar of Latin), a gerund is a verb-form that is functionally similar to a noun, whereas a participle is one that is functionally similar to an adjective.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Patrick J. Duffley, The English gerund-participle in cognitive grammar:",
"text": "THE TERM 'GERUND-PARTICIPLE' used in the title of this paper is adopted from Huddleston and Pullum (2002:80), who see no reason to give priority to one or the other of the traditional terms used to refer to the verbal uses of the English -ing form illustrated in (1):",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2009, Frank Boers, Jeroen Darquennes, Koen Kerremans, Multilingualism and Applied Comparative Linguistics:",
"text": "The intralinguistic analysis carried out on our sample has revealed that, on average, the English gerund-participle is frequently used to realize circumstance adverbials, which may express a great variety of semantic roles.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Mark Liberman, “Gerunds vs. participles”, in Language Log:",
"text": "Therefore I was happy when Geoffrey Pullum and Rodney Huddleston, in the Cambridge Grammar of the English Language, presented a clear and compelling argument that \"A distinction between gerund and present participle can't be sustained\" (pp. 80-83 and 1220-1222). They therefore use the merged category \"gerund-participle\".",
"type": "quote"
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{
"ref": "2014, Patrick Duffley, Reclaiming Control as a Semantic and Pragmatic Phenomenon:",
"text": "This amounted to 176 occurrences of the gerund-participle and 49 of the to-infinitive, an interesting statistic in itself, as it confirms the more noun-like character of the gerund-participle, ...",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"The form of an English verb that ends in -ing and can function as a noun, an adjective, or a progressive verb."
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"(grammar) The form of an English verb that ends in -ing and can function as a noun, an adjective, or a progressive verb."
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"word": "gerund-participle"
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{
"text": "Near-synonyms: (in other operational definitions) gerund, present participle"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Rodney Huddleston, Geoffrey K. Pullum, A Student's Introduction to English Grammar:",
"text": "The gerund-participle ¶ Traditionally (for example, in the grammar of Latin), a gerund is a verb-form that is functionally similar to a noun, whereas a participle is one that is functionally similar to an adjective.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2005, Patrick J. Duffley, The English gerund-participle in cognitive grammar:",
"text": "THE TERM 'GERUND-PARTICIPLE' used in the title of this paper is adopted from Huddleston and Pullum (2002:80), who see no reason to give priority to one or the other of the traditional terms used to refer to the verbal uses of the English -ing form illustrated in (1):",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2009, Frank Boers, Jeroen Darquennes, Koen Kerremans, Multilingualism and Applied Comparative Linguistics:",
"text": "The intralinguistic analysis carried out on our sample has revealed that, on average, the English gerund-participle is frequently used to realize circumstance adverbials, which may express a great variety of semantic roles.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010, Mark Liberman, “Gerunds vs. participles”, in Language Log:",
"text": "Therefore I was happy when Geoffrey Pullum and Rodney Huddleston, in the Cambridge Grammar of the English Language, presented a clear and compelling argument that \"A distinction between gerund and present participle can't be sustained\" (pp. 80-83 and 1220-1222). They therefore use the merged category \"gerund-participle\".",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2014, Patrick Duffley, Reclaiming Control as a Semantic and Pragmatic Phenomenon:",
"text": "This amounted to 176 occurrences of the gerund-participle and 49 of the to-infinitive, an interesting statistic in itself, as it confirms the more noun-like character of the gerund-participle, ...",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"The form of an English verb that ends in -ing and can function as a noun, an adjective, or a progressive verb."
],
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"(grammar) The form of an English verb that ends in -ing and can function as a noun, an adjective, or a progressive verb."
],
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"word": "gerund-participle"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gerund-participle meaning in English (3.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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