See gelbstoff in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for gelbstoff meaning in English (7.9kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Gelbstoff",
"lit": "yellow substance"
},
"expansion": "German Gelbstoff (literally “yellow substance”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "gelb",
"4": "",
"5": "amber, yellow"
},
"expansion": "German gelb (“amber, yellow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰelh₃wós",
"4": "",
"5": "yellow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃wós (“yellow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ǵʰelh₃-",
"3": "",
"4": "to shine"
},
"expansion": "*ǵʰelh₃- (“to shine”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-wós",
"3": "",
"4": "suffix forming adjectives from verb stems"
},
"expansion": "*-wós (“suffix forming adjectives from verb stems”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Stoff",
"4": "",
"5": "matter, stuff, substance"
},
"expansion": "German Stoff (“matter, stuff, substance”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*stoppōn",
"4": "",
"5": "to close; to fill, stop up"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn (“to close; to fill, stop up”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)tew-",
"4": "",
"5": "to hit; to push"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)tew- (“to hit; to push”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Gelbstoff (literally “yellow substance”) (coined by K. Kalle in a 1966 article: see the quotation), from German gelb (“amber, yellow”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃wós (“yellow”), from *ǵʰelh₃- (“to shine”) + *-wós (“suffix forming adjectives from verb stems”)) + German Stoff (“matter, stuff, substance”) (from Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn (“to close; to fill, stop up”), possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tew- (“to hit; to push”)).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "gelbstoff (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gelb‧stoff"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Hydrology",
"orig": "en:Hydrology",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Water",
"Sciences",
"Liquids",
"All topics",
"Matter",
"Fundamental",
"Chemistry",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Oceanography",
"orig": "en:Oceanography",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1966, K. Kalle, “The Problem of the Gelbstoff in the Sea”, in Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review, volume 4, Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, article title, page 91",
"text": "The problem of the Gelbstoff in the sea",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1979, Stephen [H.] Spotte, Seawater Aquariums: The Captive Environment, New York, N.Y.: Wiley-Interscience, page 103",
"text": "Like soil humus and humic materials indigenous to freshwaters, seawater gelbstoff absorbs light strongly into the ultraviolet region of the spectrum: Sieburth and Jensen (1968) noted a peak at 263 nm.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1984, M. Ehrhardt, “Marine Gelbstoff”, in Otto Hutzinger, editor, The Natural Environment and the Biogeochemical Cycles (The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry; 1, part 1C), Berlin: Springer-Verlag; reprinted as Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2013, →DOI, pages 63 and 67",
"text": "[page 63] Kalle concluded that dissolved yellow substances contribute substantially to any deviation from the blue colour of pure water into the longer wavelengths region of the visible spectrum. […] Chemically the material defied unequivocal characterization, a situation which has remained essentially unchanged. Thus, for want of a systematic designation Kalle called the material \"Gelbstoff\", the German word for \"yellow material\". […] Marine Gelbstoff is a material formed in the sea with certain spectral characteristics. It is not derived from terrestrial sources and appears to be composed of fulvic and humic components both of which are structrally different from their terrestrial counterparts. […] [page 67] These are more indications of an autochthonous origin of marine Gelbstoff supported by the interesting observation that Gelbstoff from a bog water precipitated within a week at room temperature when an equal amount of seawater was added to its solution.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Steven W. Effler, Mary Gail Perkins, “Optics”, in Steven W. Effler, editor, Limnological and Engineering Analysis of a Polluted Urban Lake: Prelude to Environmental Management of Onondaga Lake, New York (Springer Series on Environmental Management), New York, N.Y.: Springer-Verlag New York; reprinted as New York, N.Y.: Springer-Verlag, 2012, →DOI, →ISSN, section 7.1 (Introduction), page 535",
"text": "Light is absorbed in water by four components: water itself, dissolved yellow substances (gelbstoff), phytoplankton, and tripton (inanimate particulate material).",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The optically measurable component of dissolved organic matter in water, which primarily occurs naturally from tannin released from decaying detritus. As the amount of organic matter increases, it causes the water to appear green, yellow-green, and then brown."
],
"id": "en-gelbstoff-en-noun-iDEKCtcI",
"links": [
[
"hydrology",
"hydrology"
],
[
"oceanography",
"oceanography"
],
[
"optically",
"optically"
],
[
"measurable",
"measurable"
],
[
"component",
"component"
],
[
"dissolved",
"dissolved#Adjective"
],
[
"organic matter",
"organic matter"
],
[
"water",
"water#Noun"
],
[
"primarily",
"primarily"
],
[
"naturally",
"naturally"
],
[
"tannin",
"tannin"
],
[
"decaying",
"decay#Verb"
],
[
"detritus",
"detritus"
],
[
"green",
"green#Noun"
],
[
"yellow-green",
"yellow-green"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hydrology, oceanography) The optically measurable component of dissolved organic matter in water, which primarily occurs naturally from tannin released from decaying detritus. As the amount of organic matter increases, it causes the water to appear green, yellow-green, and then brown."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Gelbstoff"
},
{
"alt": "CDOM",
"word": "colored dissolved organic matter"
},
{
"word": "chromophoric dissolved organic matter"
},
{
"word": "yellow substance"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"hydrology",
"natural-sciences",
"oceanography"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "optically measurable component of dissolved organic matter in water",
"word": "المواد العضوية الملونة الذائبة"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yǒusèkěróngxìngyǒujīwù",
"sense": "optically measurable component of dissolved organic matter in water",
"word": "有色可溶性有机物"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"note": "coloration des matières organiques dissoutes dans l’eau",
"sense": "optically measurable component of dissolved organic matter in water",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "optically measurable component of dissolved organic matter in water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gelbstoff"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"NASA Earth Observatory",
"National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
"moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɛlpʃtɔf/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-gelbstoff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gelbstoff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gelbstoff.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gelbstoff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gelbstoff.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"word": "gelbstoff"
}
{
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Gelbstoff",
"lit": "yellow substance"
},
"expansion": "German Gelbstoff (literally “yellow substance”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "gelb",
"4": "",
"5": "amber, yellow"
},
"expansion": "German gelb (“amber, yellow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵʰelh₃wós",
"4": "",
"5": "yellow"
},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*ǵʰelh₃-",
"3": "",
"4": "to shine"
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"name": "m"
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{
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"4": "suffix forming adjectives from verb stems"
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"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Stoff",
"4": "",
"5": "matter, stuff, substance"
},
"expansion": "German Stoff (“matter, stuff, substance”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*stoppōn",
"4": "",
"5": "to close; to fill, stop up"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn (“to close; to fill, stop up”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*(s)tew-",
"4": "",
"5": "to hit; to push"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)tew- (“to hit; to push”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Gelbstoff (literally “yellow substance”) (coined by K. Kalle in a 1966 article: see the quotation), from German gelb (“amber, yellow”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃wós (“yellow”), from *ǵʰelh₃- (“to shine”) + *-wós (“suffix forming adjectives from verb stems”)) + German Stoff (“matter, stuff, substance”) (from Proto-West Germanic *stoppōn (“to close; to fill, stop up”), possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tew- (“to hit; to push”)).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "gelbstoff (uncountable)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gelb‧stoff"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from German",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with quotations",
"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Hydrology",
"en:Oceanography"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1966, K. Kalle, “The Problem of the Gelbstoff in the Sea”, in Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review, volume 4, Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, article title, page 91",
"text": "The problem of the Gelbstoff in the sea",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1979, Stephen [H.] Spotte, Seawater Aquariums: The Captive Environment, New York, N.Y.: Wiley-Interscience, page 103",
"text": "Like soil humus and humic materials indigenous to freshwaters, seawater gelbstoff absorbs light strongly into the ultraviolet region of the spectrum: Sieburth and Jensen (1968) noted a peak at 263 nm.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1984, M. Ehrhardt, “Marine Gelbstoff”, in Otto Hutzinger, editor, The Natural Environment and the Biogeochemical Cycles (The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry; 1, part 1C), Berlin: Springer-Verlag; reprinted as Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2013, →DOI, pages 63 and 67",
"text": "[page 63] Kalle concluded that dissolved yellow substances contribute substantially to any deviation from the blue colour of pure water into the longer wavelengths region of the visible spectrum. […] Chemically the material defied unequivocal characterization, a situation which has remained essentially unchanged. Thus, for want of a systematic designation Kalle called the material \"Gelbstoff\", the German word for \"yellow material\". […] Marine Gelbstoff is a material formed in the sea with certain spectral characteristics. It is not derived from terrestrial sources and appears to be composed of fulvic and humic components both of which are structrally different from their terrestrial counterparts. […] [page 67] These are more indications of an autochthonous origin of marine Gelbstoff supported by the interesting observation that Gelbstoff from a bog water precipitated within a week at room temperature when an equal amount of seawater was added to its solution.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1996, Steven W. Effler, Mary Gail Perkins, “Optics”, in Steven W. Effler, editor, Limnological and Engineering Analysis of a Polluted Urban Lake: Prelude to Environmental Management of Onondaga Lake, New York (Springer Series on Environmental Management), New York, N.Y.: Springer-Verlag New York; reprinted as New York, N.Y.: Springer-Verlag, 2012, →DOI, →ISSN, section 7.1 (Introduction), page 535",
"text": "Light is absorbed in water by four components: water itself, dissolved yellow substances (gelbstoff), phytoplankton, and tripton (inanimate particulate material).",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The optically measurable component of dissolved organic matter in water, which primarily occurs naturally from tannin released from decaying detritus. As the amount of organic matter increases, it causes the water to appear green, yellow-green, and then brown."
],
"links": [
[
"hydrology",
"hydrology"
],
[
"oceanography",
"oceanography"
],
[
"optically",
"optically"
],
[
"measurable",
"measurable"
],
[
"component",
"component"
],
[
"dissolved",
"dissolved#Adjective"
],
[
"organic matter",
"organic matter"
],
[
"water",
"water#Noun"
],
[
"primarily",
"primarily"
],
[
"naturally",
"naturally"
],
[
"tannin",
"tannin"
],
[
"decaying",
"decay#Verb"
],
[
"detritus",
"detritus"
],
[
"green",
"green#Noun"
],
[
"yellow-green",
"yellow-green"
],
[
"brown",
"brown#Adjective"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hydrology, oceanography) The optically measurable component of dissolved organic matter in water, which primarily occurs naturally from tannin released from decaying detritus. As the amount of organic matter increases, it causes the water to appear green, yellow-green, and then brown."
],
"tags": [
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"hydrology",
"natural-sciences",
"oceanography"
],
"wikipedia": [
"NASA Earth Observatory",
"National Aeronautics and Space Administration",
"moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡɛlpʃtɔf/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-gelbstoff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gelbstoff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gelbstoff.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4e/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gelbstoff.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-gelbstoff.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Gelbstoff"
},
{
"alt": "CDOM",
"word": "colored dissolved organic matter"
},
{
"word": "chromophoric dissolved organic matter"
},
{
"word": "yellow substance"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"sense": "optically measurable component of dissolved organic matter in water",
"word": "المواد العضوية الملونة الذائبة"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yǒusèkěróngxìngyǒujīwù",
"sense": "optically measurable component of dissolved organic matter in water",
"word": "有色可溶性有机物"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"note": "coloration des matières organiques dissoutes dans l’eau",
"sense": "optically measurable component of dissolved organic matter in water",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "optically measurable component of dissolved organic matter in water",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Gelbstoff"
}
],
"word": "gelbstoff"
}
{
"called_from": "translations/609-20230504",
"msg": "Translation too long compared to word, so it is skipped",
"path": [
"gelbstoff"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "gelbstoff",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.