See fremd in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "fremdling"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "fremedly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "fremsome"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "fremde"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fremde",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "fremde"
},
"expansion": "Old English fremde",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*framaþiz",
"t": "foreign, not one's own"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *framaþiz (“foreign, not one's own”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "fremmit"
},
"expansion": "Scots fremmit",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "frjemd",
"t": "strange, fremd"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian frjemd (“strange, fremd”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vreemd",
"t": "strange, foreign"
},
"expansion": "Dutch vreemd (“strange, foreign”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "fremd",
"t": "fremd, strange, foreign"
},
"expansion": "German fremd (“fremd, strange, foreign”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "främmande",
"t": "foreign, outlandish, strange"
},
"expansion": "Swedish främmande (“foreign, outlandish, strange”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English fremde, fremede (“strange, foreign”), from Old English fremde, fremede, fremeþe (“foreign, strange”), from Proto-Germanic *framaþiz (“foreign, not one's own”). Cognate with Scots fremmit, frempt (“fremd”), West Frisian frjemd (“strange, fremd”), Dutch vreemd (“strange, foreign”), German fremd (“fremd, strange, foreign”), Swedish främmande (“foreign, outlandish, strange”). More at from.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fremder",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more fremd",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "fremdest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most fremd",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
"2": "more"
},
"expansion": "fremd (comparative fremder or more fremd, superlative fremdest or most fremd)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a fremd day",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Something fremd has been going on here.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "A fremd man this.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1892, Haldane Burgess, Rasmie's Büddie, section 43:",
"text": "Pits it i' da fremd-man's hert.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Strange, unusual, out of the ordinary; unfamiliar."
],
"id": "en-fremd-en-adj-FmG8TCC~",
"links": [
[
"Strange",
"strange"
],
[
"unusual",
"unusual"
],
[
"out of the ordinary",
"out of the ordinary"
],
[
"unfamiliar",
"unfamiliar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, chiefly dialectal) Strange, unusual, out of the ordinary; unfamiliar."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1851, Mrs. Oliphant (Margaret), Passages in the life of Mrs. Margaret Maitland of Sunnyside:",
"text": "[...] seeing that they were fremd in heart, if they were kin in blood.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1868, Legh Knight, Tonic Bitters: A Novel, page 181:",
"text": "The doctor went up to the bed, and said, firmly, \" Miss Garnock, you must not keep Mr. Yonge any longer.\" \"Who'll he be that comes meddling between me and my Tar?\" shrieked the patient. \"Mither, bid yon fremd body gang his ways. I'll no be fashed wi' him the day.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1873, Blackwood's Edinburgh magazine:",
"text": "[...] and if I'm to be no more hereafter to them that belong to me, than to legions of strange angels, or a whole nation of fremd folk!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1873, Heathergate, Heathergate, page 66:",
"text": "There's room for everybody in the world, I suppose, and something for everybody to do, and it behoves them that have few kin to make the more friends of fremd folk.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1875, John Howard Nodal, George Milner, A glossary of the Lancashire dialect:",
"text": "Thus, a person living with a family to whom he is not related is termed \"a fremd body.\" If it were asked, \"Is he akin to you?\" the answer would be, \"Nawe, he's fremd,\" i.e. \"he's one of us, but not a relation.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Not kin, unrelated; foreign."
],
"id": "en-fremd-en-adj-YpftSpLE",
"links": [
[
"kin",
"kin"
],
[
"unrelated",
"unrelated"
],
[
"foreign",
"foreign"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, chiefly dialectal) Not kin, unrelated; foreign."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 29 46 15 1 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 20 55 8 2 2 0 0 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 26 57 6 2 2 0 0 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Wild; untamed."
],
"id": "en-fremd-en-adj-T5JjRfjU",
"links": [
[
"Wild",
"wild"
],
[
"untamed",
"untamed"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Wild; untamed."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "frĕmd",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fɹɛmd/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-fremd.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fremd.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fremd.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fremd.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fremd.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛmd"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "frem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "frim"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fren"
}
],
"word": "fremd"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "fremde"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fremde",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "fremde"
},
"expansion": "Old English fremde",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*framaþiz",
"t": "foreign, not one's own"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *framaþiz (“foreign, not one's own”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "fremmit"
},
"expansion": "Scots fremmit",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "frjemd",
"t": "strange, fremd"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian frjemd (“strange, fremd”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vreemd",
"t": "strange, foreign"
},
"expansion": "Dutch vreemd (“strange, foreign”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "fremd",
"t": "fremd, strange, foreign"
},
"expansion": "German fremd (“fremd, strange, foreign”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "främmande",
"t": "foreign, outlandish, strange"
},
"expansion": "Swedish främmande (“foreign, outlandish, strange”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English fremde, fremede (“strange, foreign”), from Old English fremde, fremede, fremeþe (“foreign, strange”), from Proto-Germanic *framaþiz (“foreign, not one's own”). Cognate with Scots fremmit, frempt (“fremd”), West Frisian frjemd (“strange, fremd”), Dutch vreemd (“strange, foreign”), German fremd (“fremd, strange, foreign”), Swedish främmande (“foreign, outlandish, strange”). More at from.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fremds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fremd (plural fremds)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 11 14 59 0 5",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A stranger; someone who is not a relative; a guest."
],
"id": "en-fremd-en-noun-gwMGzP4M",
"links": [
[
"stranger",
"stranger"
],
[
"relative",
"relative"
],
[
"guest",
"guest"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare or dialectal) A stranger; someone who is not a relative; a guest."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"An enmity."
],
"id": "en-fremd-en-noun-6Gzc7SOs",
"links": [
[
"enmity",
"enmity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic or obsolete) An enmity."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Internet",
"orig": "en:Internet",
"parents": [
"Computing",
"Networking",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Humorous metathesis of \"friend\"."
],
"id": "en-fremd-en-noun-u-r0fLnz",
"links": [
[
"childish",
"childish"
],
[
"Internet",
"Internet"
],
[
"metathesis",
"metathesis"
],
[
"friend",
"friend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(childish, Internet) Humorous metathesis of \"friend\"."
],
"tags": [
"Internet",
"childish"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "frĕmd",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fɹɛmd/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-fremd.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fremd.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fremd.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fremd.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fremd.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛmd"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "frem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "frim"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "fren"
}
],
"word": "fremd"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛmd",
"Rhymes:English/ɛmd/1 syllable",
"en:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "fremdling"
},
{
"word": "fremedly"
},
{
"word": "fremsome"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "fremde"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fremde",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "fremde"
},
"expansion": "Old English fremde",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*framaþiz",
"t": "foreign, not one's own"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *framaþiz (“foreign, not one's own”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "fremmit"
},
"expansion": "Scots fremmit",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "frjemd",
"t": "strange, fremd"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian frjemd (“strange, fremd”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vreemd",
"t": "strange, foreign"
},
"expansion": "Dutch vreemd (“strange, foreign”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "fremd",
"t": "fremd, strange, foreign"
},
"expansion": "German fremd (“fremd, strange, foreign”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "främmande",
"t": "foreign, outlandish, strange"
},
"expansion": "Swedish främmande (“foreign, outlandish, strange”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English fremde, fremede (“strange, foreign”), from Old English fremde, fremede, fremeþe (“foreign, strange”), from Proto-Germanic *framaþiz (“foreign, not one's own”). Cognate with Scots fremmit, frempt (“fremd”), West Frisian frjemd (“strange, fremd”), Dutch vreemd (“strange, foreign”), German fremd (“fremd, strange, foreign”), Swedish främmande (“foreign, outlandish, strange”). More at from.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fremder",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more fremd",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "fremdest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most fremd",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
"2": "more"
},
"expansion": "fremd (comparative fremder or more fremd, superlative fremdest or most fremd)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "a fremd day",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "Something fremd has been going on here.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "A fremd man this.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1892, Haldane Burgess, Rasmie's Büddie, section 43:",
"text": "Pits it i' da fremd-man's hert.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Strange, unusual, out of the ordinary; unfamiliar."
],
"links": [
[
"Strange",
"strange"
],
[
"unusual",
"unusual"
],
[
"out of the ordinary",
"out of the ordinary"
],
[
"unfamiliar",
"unfamiliar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, chiefly dialectal) Strange, unusual, out of the ordinary; unfamiliar."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1851, Mrs. Oliphant (Margaret), Passages in the life of Mrs. Margaret Maitland of Sunnyside:",
"text": "[...] seeing that they were fremd in heart, if they were kin in blood.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1868, Legh Knight, Tonic Bitters: A Novel, page 181:",
"text": "The doctor went up to the bed, and said, firmly, \" Miss Garnock, you must not keep Mr. Yonge any longer.\" \"Who'll he be that comes meddling between me and my Tar?\" shrieked the patient. \"Mither, bid yon fremd body gang his ways. I'll no be fashed wi' him the day.\"",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1873, Blackwood's Edinburgh magazine:",
"text": "[...] and if I'm to be no more hereafter to them that belong to me, than to legions of strange angels, or a whole nation of fremd folk!",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1873, Heathergate, Heathergate, page 66:",
"text": "There's room for everybody in the world, I suppose, and something for everybody to do, and it behoves them that have few kin to make the more friends of fremd folk.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1875, John Howard Nodal, George Milner, A glossary of the Lancashire dialect:",
"text": "Thus, a person living with a family to whom he is not related is termed \"a fremd body.\" If it were asked, \"Is he akin to you?\" the answer would be, \"Nawe, he's fremd,\" i.e. \"he's one of us, but not a relation.\"",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Not kin, unrelated; foreign."
],
"links": [
[
"kin",
"kin"
],
[
"unrelated",
"unrelated"
],
[
"foreign",
"foreign"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, chiefly dialectal) Not kin, unrelated; foreign."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Wild; untamed."
],
"links": [
[
"Wild",
"wild"
],
[
"untamed",
"untamed"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Wild; untamed."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "frĕmd",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fɹɛmd/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-fremd.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fremd.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fremd.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fremd.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fremd.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛmd"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "frem"
},
{
"word": "frim"
},
{
"word": "fren"
}
],
"word": "fremd"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɛmd",
"Rhymes:English/ɛmd/1 syllable",
"en:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "fremde"
},
"expansion": "Middle English fremde",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "fremde"
},
"expansion": "Old English fremde",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*framaþiz",
"t": "foreign, not one's own"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *framaþiz (“foreign, not one's own”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "fremmit"
},
"expansion": "Scots fremmit",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "frjemd",
"t": "strange, fremd"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian frjemd (“strange, fremd”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "vreemd",
"t": "strange, foreign"
},
"expansion": "Dutch vreemd (“strange, foreign”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "fremd",
"t": "fremd, strange, foreign"
},
"expansion": "German fremd (“fremd, strange, foreign”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "främmande",
"t": "foreign, outlandish, strange"
},
"expansion": "Swedish främmande (“foreign, outlandish, strange”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English fremde, fremede (“strange, foreign”), from Old English fremde, fremede, fremeþe (“foreign, strange”), from Proto-Germanic *framaþiz (“foreign, not one's own”). Cognate with Scots fremmit, frempt (“fremd”), West Frisian frjemd (“strange, fremd”), Dutch vreemd (“strange, foreign”), German fremd (“fremd, strange, foreign”), Swedish främmande (“foreign, outlandish, strange”). More at from.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fremds",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "fremd (plural fremds)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A stranger; someone who is not a relative; a guest."
],
"links": [
[
"stranger",
"stranger"
],
[
"relative",
"relative"
],
[
"guest",
"guest"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare or dialectal) A stranger; someone who is not a relative; a guest."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"An enmity."
],
"links": [
[
"enmity",
"enmity"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic or obsolete) An enmity."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English childish terms",
"en:Internet"
],
"glosses": [
"Humorous metathesis of \"friend\"."
],
"links": [
[
"childish",
"childish"
],
[
"Internet",
"Internet"
],
[
"metathesis",
"metathesis"
],
[
"friend",
"friend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(childish, Internet) Humorous metathesis of \"friend\"."
],
"tags": [
"Internet",
"childish"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "frĕmd",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fɹɛmd/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-fremd.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fremd.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fremd.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/db/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fremd.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fremd.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛmd"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "frem"
},
{
"word": "frim"
},
{
"word": "fren"
}
],
"word": "fremd"
}
Download raw JSONL data for fremd meaning in English (9.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.