See firn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Firn"
},
"expansion": "German Firn",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gsw",
"3": "firn",
"4": "",
"5": "last year's"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German firn (“last year's”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "goh",
"3": "firni",
"4": "",
"5": "old"
},
"expansion": "Old High German firni (“old”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic [Term?]",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*firnijaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *firnijaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"4": "",
"5": "forth, forward, across, through"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“forth, forward, across, through”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "fyrn",
"3": "",
"4": "former"
},
"expansion": "Old English fyrn (“former”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "forn",
"3": "",
"4": "old"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse forn (“old”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐌴𐌹𐍃",
"3": "",
"4": "old"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐌴𐌹𐍃 (fairneis, “old”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Firn, from Alemannic German firn (“last year's”), from Old High German firni (“old”), from Proto-West Germanic [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *firnijaz, *fernaz (“foregoing, previous”), from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“forth, forward, across, through”); cognate with Old English fyrn (“former”), Old Norse forn (“old”), and Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐌴𐌹𐍃 (fairneis, “old”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "firns",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "firn (countable and uncountable, plural firns)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Alemannic German translations",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Old East Slavic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Snow",
"orig": "en:Snow",
"parents": [
"Water",
"Weather",
"Liquids",
"Atmosphere",
"Matter",
"Nature",
"Chemistry",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "firnification"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles and thus is made of numerous small icy grains, though it is not nearly as saturated with water as snowcone slush is; can be hard or somewhat soft depending on recent and current weather conditions."
],
"id": "en-firn-en-noun-wt3nnBLV",
"links": [
[
"snow",
"snow"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "névé"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṯalj ḥubaybay",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ثَلْج حُبَيْبَي"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zjernaljód",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зерналёд"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "firn",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "фірн"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "firn",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "фирн"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "firn"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"word": "firn"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"word": "firn-lumi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "névé"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Firn"
},
{
"code": "gsw",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"Alemannic-German",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Fiire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nevato"
},
{
"code": "orv",
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"roman": "serenŭ",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "серенъ"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "firn"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "firn",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"word": "фирн"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "serjón",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "серён"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "séren",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "се́рен"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "serená",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "серена́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sérenʹ",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "се́рень"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "firn"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ledeniški srenec"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "firn"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "firnsnö"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɪə(ɹ)n/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fɪɹn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fɪəɹn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)n"
}
],
"word": "firn"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "firnification"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Firn"
},
"expansion": "German Firn",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gsw",
"3": "firn",
"4": "",
"5": "last year's"
},
"expansion": "Alemannic German firn (“last year's”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "goh",
"3": "firni",
"4": "",
"5": "old"
},
"expansion": "Old High German firni (“old”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic [Term?]",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*firnijaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *firnijaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*per-",
"4": "",
"5": "forth, forward, across, through"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“forth, forward, across, through”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "fyrn",
"3": "",
"4": "former"
},
"expansion": "Old English fyrn (“former”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "forn",
"3": "",
"4": "old"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse forn (“old”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐌴𐌹𐍃",
"3": "",
"4": "old"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐌴𐌹𐍃 (fairneis, “old”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Firn, from Alemannic German firn (“last year's”), from Old High German firni (“old”), from Proto-West Germanic [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *firnijaz, *fernaz (“foregoing, previous”), from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“forth, forward, across, through”); cognate with Old English fyrn (“former”), Old Norse forn (“old”), and Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐌴𐌹𐍃 (fairneis, “old”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "firns",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "firn (countable and uncountable, plural firns)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from German",
"English terms derived from Alemannic German",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms derived from Old High German",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic term requests",
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"Terms with Czech translations",
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"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Old East Slavic translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"en:Snow"
],
"glosses": [
"A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles and thus is made of numerous small icy grains, though it is not nearly as saturated with water as snowcone slush is; can be hard or somewhat soft depending on recent and current weather conditions."
],
"links": [
[
"snow",
"snow"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "névé"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fɪə(ɹ)n/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fɪɹn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fɪəɹn/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪə(ɹ)n"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ṯalj ḥubaybay",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ثَلْج حُبَيْبَي"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "zjernaljód",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "зерналёд"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "firn",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "фірн"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "firn",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "фирн"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "firn"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"word": "firn"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"word": "firn-lumi"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "névé"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Firn"
},
{
"code": "gsw",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"Alemannic-German",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Fiire"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "nevato"
},
{
"code": "orv",
"lang": "Old East Slavic",
"roman": "serenŭ",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "серенъ"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "firn"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "firn",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"word": "фирн"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "serjón",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "серён"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "séren",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "се́рен"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "serená",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "серена́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sérenʹ",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "се́рень"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "firn"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ledeniški srenec"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "firn"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "A type of old snow which has gone through multiple thaw and refreeze cycles",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "firnsnö"
}
],
"word": "firn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for firn meaning in English (7.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.