"erf" meaning in English

See erf in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Audio: En-us-erf.oga [US] Forms: erfs [plural]
Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)f Etymology: From Middle English erve, erfe, from Old English yrfe, ierfe (“heritage, bequest, inheritance, property, inherited property, property that passes to an heir, cattle, livestock”), from Proto-West Germanic *arbī, from Proto-Germanic *arbiją (“heritage”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erbʰ- (“to change ownership”) (whence also *h₃órbʰos (“orphan”)). Cognate with Dutch erf (“inheritance, patrimony, ground, courtyard”), German Erbe (“heritage, legacy, inheritance”), Danish arv (“heritage, inheritance”), Swedish arv (“heritage, inheritance”), Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌹 (arbi, “inheritance”), Latin orbus (“orphan”), Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós, “orphan”), Old English ierfa (“heir”). Related to orf and odal and athel. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|erve}} Middle English erve, {{m|enm|erfe}} erfe, {{inh|en|ang|yrfe}} Old English yrfe, {{m|ang|ierfe|gloss=heritage, bequest, inheritance, property, inherited property, property that passes to an heir, cattle, livestock}} ierfe (“heritage, bequest, inheritance, property, inherited property, property that passes to an heir, cattle, livestock”), {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*arbī}} Proto-West Germanic *arbī, {{inh|en|gem-pro|*arbiją|gloss=heritage}} Proto-Germanic *arbiją (“heritage”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*h₃erbʰ-|t=to change ownership}} Proto-Indo-European *h₃erbʰ- (“to change ownership”), {{m|ine-pro|*h₃órbʰos||orphan}} *h₃órbʰos (“orphan”), {{cog|nl|erf||inheritance, patrimony, ground, courtyard}} Dutch erf (“inheritance, patrimony, ground, courtyard”), {{cog|de|Erbe||heritage, legacy, inheritance}} German Erbe (“heritage, legacy, inheritance”), {{cog|da|arv||heritage, inheritance}} Danish arv (“heritage, inheritance”), {{cog|sv|arv||heritage, inheritance}} Swedish arv (“heritage, inheritance”), {{cog|got|𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌹||inheritance}} Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌹 (arbi, “inheritance”), {{cog|la|orbus||orphan}} Latin orbus (“orphan”), {{cog|grc|ὀρφανός||orphan}} Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós, “orphan”), {{cog|ang|ierfa||heir}} Old English ierfa (“heir”), {{m|en|orf}} orf, {{m|en|odal}} odal, {{m|en|athel}} athel Head templates: {{en-noun}} erf (plural erfs)
  1. (Northern England, Scotland, rare) Inheritance; patrimony. Tags: Northern-England, Scotland, rare
    Sense id: en-erf-en-noun-ZNnDIJZQ Categories (other): Northern England English, Scottish English, English entries with incorrect language header, English links with manual fragments Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 64 2 34 Disambiguation of English links with manual fragments: 62 4 34
  2. (by extension) Stock; cattle. Tags: broadly
    Sense id: en-erf-en-noun-QO1clcxk
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: erfkin
Etymology number: 1

Noun

Audio: En-us-erf.oga [US] Forms: erfs [plural], erven [plural]
Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)f Etymology: Borrowed from obsolete Dutch erf (“hereditament, plot of land”). Doublet of erf above. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|nl|erf|t=hereditament, plot of land}} Dutch erf (“hereditament, plot of land”), {{doublet|en|erf#Etymology_1}} Doublet of erf Head templates: {{en-noun|s|erven}} erf (plural erfs or erven)
  1. (US regional, Cape Colony, New York, South Africa) A small inherited house-and-garden lot in a village or settlement. Tags: New-York, South-Africa, US, regional Derived forms: ervenholder
    Sense id: en-erf-en-noun-5~x~mqIt Categories (other): American English, New York English, Regional English, South African English
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for erf meaning in English (6.7kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "erfkin"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "erve"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English erve",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "erfe"
      },
      "expansion": "erfe",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "yrfe"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English yrfe",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ierfe",
        "gloss": "heritage, bequest, inheritance, property, inherited property, property that passes to an heir, cattle, livestock"
      },
      "expansion": "ierfe (“heritage, bequest, inheritance, property, inherited property, property that passes to an heir, cattle, livestock”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*arbī"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *arbī",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*arbiją",
        "gloss": "heritage"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *arbiją (“heritage”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃erbʰ-",
        "t": "to change ownership"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃erbʰ- (“to change ownership”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*h₃órbʰos",
        "3": "",
        "4": "orphan"
      },
      "expansion": "*h₃órbʰos (“orphan”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "erf",
        "3": "",
        "4": "inheritance, patrimony, ground, courtyard"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch erf (“inheritance, patrimony, ground, courtyard”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Erbe",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heritage, legacy, inheritance"
      },
      "expansion": "German Erbe (“heritage, legacy, inheritance”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "arv",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heritage, inheritance"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish arv (“heritage, inheritance”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "arv",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heritage, inheritance"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish arv (“heritage, inheritance”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌹",
        "3": "",
        "4": "inheritance"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌹 (arbi, “inheritance”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "orbus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "orphan"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin orbus (“orphan”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὀρφανός",
        "3": "",
        "4": "orphan"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós, “orphan”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ierfa",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heir"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ierfa (“heir”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "orf"
      },
      "expansion": "orf",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "odal"
      },
      "expansion": "odal",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "athel"
      },
      "expansion": "athel",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English erve, erfe, from Old English yrfe, ierfe (“heritage, bequest, inheritance, property, inherited property, property that passes to an heir, cattle, livestock”), from Proto-West Germanic *arbī, from Proto-Germanic *arbiją (“heritage”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erbʰ- (“to change ownership”) (whence also *h₃órbʰos (“orphan”)).\nCognate with Dutch erf (“inheritance, patrimony, ground, courtyard”), German Erbe (“heritage, legacy, inheritance”), Danish arv (“heritage, inheritance”), Swedish arv (“heritage, inheritance”), Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌹 (arbi, “inheritance”), Latin orbus (“orphan”), Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós, “orphan”), Old English ierfa (“heir”). Related to orf and odal and athel.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "erfs",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "erf (plural erfs)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Northern England English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Scottish English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "64 2 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "62 4 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Son, you will have this farm to erf.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Inheritance; patrimony."
      ],
      "id": "en-erf-en-noun-ZNnDIJZQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "Inheritance",
          "inheritance"
        ],
        [
          "patrimony",
          "patrimony"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Northern England, Scotland, rare) Inheritance; patrimony."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Northern-England",
        "Scotland",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Stock; cattle."
      ],
      "id": "en-erf-en-noun-QO1clcxk",
      "links": [
        [
          "Stock",
          "stock"
        ],
        [
          "cattle",
          "cattle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension) Stock; cattle."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)f"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-erf.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1b/En-us-erf.oga/En-us-erf.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/En-us-erf.oga",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "erf"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "nl",
        "3": "erf",
        "t": "hereditament, plot of land"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch erf (“hereditament, plot of land”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "erf#Etymology_1"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of erf",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from obsolete Dutch erf (“hereditament, plot of land”). Doublet of erf above.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "erfs",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erven",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "s",
        "2": "erven"
      },
      "expansion": "erf (plural erfs or erven)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "American English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "New York English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Regional English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "South African English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "ervenholder"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A small inherited house-and-garden lot in a village or settlement."
      ],
      "id": "en-erf-en-noun-5~x~mqIt",
      "links": [
        [
          "regional",
          "regional#English"
        ],
        [
          "lot",
          "lot"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Cape Colony",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(US regional, Cape Colony, New York, South Africa) A small inherited house-and-garden lot in a village or settlement."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "New-York",
        "South-Africa",
        "US",
        "regional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)f"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-erf.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1b/En-us-erf.oga/En-us-erf.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/En-us-erf.oga",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "erf"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English doublets",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English links with manual fragments",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms borrowed from Dutch",
    "English terms derived from Dutch",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)f",
    "Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)f/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "erfkin"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "erve"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English erve",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "erfe"
      },
      "expansion": "erfe",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "yrfe"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English yrfe",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ierfe",
        "gloss": "heritage, bequest, inheritance, property, inherited property, property that passes to an heir, cattle, livestock"
      },
      "expansion": "ierfe (“heritage, bequest, inheritance, property, inherited property, property that passes to an heir, cattle, livestock”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*arbī"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *arbī",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*arbiją",
        "gloss": "heritage"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *arbiją (“heritage”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃erbʰ-",
        "t": "to change ownership"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃erbʰ- (“to change ownership”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*h₃órbʰos",
        "3": "",
        "4": "orphan"
      },
      "expansion": "*h₃órbʰos (“orphan”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "erf",
        "3": "",
        "4": "inheritance, patrimony, ground, courtyard"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch erf (“inheritance, patrimony, ground, courtyard”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Erbe",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heritage, legacy, inheritance"
      },
      "expansion": "German Erbe (“heritage, legacy, inheritance”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "da",
        "2": "arv",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heritage, inheritance"
      },
      "expansion": "Danish arv (“heritage, inheritance”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "arv",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heritage, inheritance"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish arv (“heritage, inheritance”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "got",
        "2": "𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌹",
        "3": "",
        "4": "inheritance"
      },
      "expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌹 (arbi, “inheritance”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "orbus",
        "3": "",
        "4": "orphan"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin orbus (“orphan”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ὀρφανός",
        "3": "",
        "4": "orphan"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós, “orphan”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "ierfa",
        "3": "",
        "4": "heir"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English ierfa (“heir”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "orf"
      },
      "expansion": "orf",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "odal"
      },
      "expansion": "odal",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "athel"
      },
      "expansion": "athel",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English erve, erfe, from Old English yrfe, ierfe (“heritage, bequest, inheritance, property, inherited property, property that passes to an heir, cattle, livestock”), from Proto-West Germanic *arbī, from Proto-Germanic *arbiją (“heritage”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erbʰ- (“to change ownership”) (whence also *h₃órbʰos (“orphan”)).\nCognate with Dutch erf (“inheritance, patrimony, ground, courtyard”), German Erbe (“heritage, legacy, inheritance”), Danish arv (“heritage, inheritance”), Swedish arv (“heritage, inheritance”), Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌹 (arbi, “inheritance”), Latin orbus (“orphan”), Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós, “orphan”), Old English ierfa (“heir”). Related to orf and odal and athel.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "erfs",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "erf (plural erfs)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with rare senses",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "Northern England English",
        "Scottish English"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Son, you will have this farm to erf.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Inheritance; patrimony."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Inheritance",
          "inheritance"
        ],
        [
          "patrimony",
          "patrimony"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Northern England, Scotland, rare) Inheritance; patrimony."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Northern-England",
        "Scotland",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Stock; cattle."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Stock",
          "stock"
        ],
        [
          "cattle",
          "cattle"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension) Stock; cattle."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)f"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-erf.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1b/En-us-erf.oga/En-us-erf.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/En-us-erf.oga",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "erf"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English doublets",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English links with manual fragments",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms borrowed from Dutch",
    "English terms derived from Dutch",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)f",
    "Rhymes:English/ɜː(ɹ)f/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "ervenholder"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "nl",
        "3": "erf",
        "t": "hereditament, plot of land"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch erf (“hereditament, plot of land”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "erf#Etymology_1"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of erf",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from obsolete Dutch erf (“hereditament, plot of land”). Doublet of erf above.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "erfs",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "erven",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "s",
        "2": "erven"
      },
      "expansion": "erf (plural erfs or erven)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "American English",
        "New York English",
        "Regional English",
        "South African English"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A small inherited house-and-garden lot in a village or settlement."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "regional",
          "regional#English"
        ],
        [
          "lot",
          "lot"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "Cape Colony",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(US regional, Cape Colony, New York, South Africa) A small inherited house-and-garden lot in a village or settlement."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "New-York",
        "South-Africa",
        "US",
        "regional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɜː(ɹ)f"
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-us-erf.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1b/En-us-erf.oga/En-us-erf.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/En-us-erf.oga",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "erf"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (fc4f0c7 and c937495). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.