See drighten in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰrewgʰ-",
"id": "serve"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "drighte"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Middle English drighte",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dryhten",
"t": "a ruler, king, lord, prince, the supreme ruler, the Lord, God, Christ"
},
"expansion": "Old English dryhten (“a ruler, king, lord, prince, the supreme ruler, the Lord, God, Christ”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*druhtin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *druhtin",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*druhtinaz",
"t": "leader, chief, lord"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *druhtinaz (“leader, chief, lord”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰrewgʰ-",
"t": "to hold, hold fast, support"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ- (“to hold, hold fast, support”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "drochten",
"3": "",
"4": "lord"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian drochten (“lord”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "drohtin",
"t": "lord"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon drohtin (“lord”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "truhtin"
},
"expansion": "Old High German truhtin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "truhten"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German truhten",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Trechtin"
},
"expansion": "German Trechtin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "drot",
"t": "king"
},
"expansion": "Danish drot (“king”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "drott",
"t": "king, ruler, sovereign"
},
"expansion": "Swedish drott (“king, ruler, sovereign”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "dróttinn",
"3": "",
"4": "hero, ruler, lord"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic dróttinn (“hero, ruler, lord”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ruhtinas",
"3": "",
"4": "sovereign prince"
},
"expansion": "Finnish ruhtinas (“sovereign prince”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "dryht",
"t": "troop, army"
},
"expansion": "Old English dryht (“troop, army”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġedryht",
"t": "troop, body of men"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġedryht (“troop, body of men”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "drēogan",
"t": "to serve in the military, endure"
},
"expansion": "Old English drēogan (“to serve in the military, endure”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+suf",
"2": "en",
"3": "dright",
"4": "en",
"t1": "army, host"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, dright (“army, host”) + -en",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle English drighte, drightin and its etymon Old English dryhten (“a ruler, king, lord, prince, the supreme ruler, the Lord, God, Christ”), from Proto-West Germanic *druhtin, from Proto-Germanic *druhtinaz (“leader, chief, lord”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ- (“to hold, hold fast, support”).\nCognate with Old Frisian drochten (“lord”), Old Saxon drohtin (“lord”), Old High German truhtin, Middle High German truhten, trohten (“ruler, lord”) (obsolete German Trechtin, Trechtein (“lord, God”)), Danish drot (“king”), Swedish drott (“king, ruler, sovereign”), Icelandic dróttinn (“hero, ruler, lord”), Finnish ruhtinas (“sovereign prince”). Related also to Old English dryht (“troop, army”), Old English ġedryht (“troop, body of men”), Old English drēogan (“to serve in the military, endure”). More at dree. By surface analysis, dright (“army, host”) + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "drightens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dright",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Drighten",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "drighten (plural drightens)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Fantasy",
"orig": "en:Fantasy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mythology",
"orig": "en:Mythology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Paganism",
"orig": "en:Paganism",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
23
]
],
"ref": "2010, Stephan Grundy, Beowulf:",
"text": "Believe me, my drighten, there is not one of us that has ever slacked on watch before!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A lord; ruler; sovereign; chief; leader; prince."
],
"id": "en-drighten-en-noun-nzTVikju",
"links": [
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"fantasy",
"fantasy"
],
[
"paganism",
"paganism"
],
[
"lord",
"lord"
],
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
],
[
"sovereign",
"sovereign"
],
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"prince",
"prince"
]
],
"qualifier": "Anglo-Saxon; paganism or puristic; otherwise obsolete; Anglo-Saxon; paganism or puristic; otherwise obsolete",
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, Anglo-Saxon, Norse mythology, fantasy, paganism or puristic; otherwise obsolete) A lord; ruler; sovereign; chief; leader; prince."
],
"tags": [
"Norse",
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"fantasy",
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"mythology",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -en",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 94",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Lord; Lord God; Christ."
],
"id": "en-drighten-en-noun--uQm70eZ",
"links": [
[
"capitalized",
"capitalisation"
],
[
"Lord",
"Lord"
],
[
"God",
"God"
],
[
"Christ",
"Christ"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, usually capitalized) The Lord; Lord God; Christ."
],
"tags": [
"capitalized",
"obsolete",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɹaɪ.tən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪtən"
}
],
"word": "drighten"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Middle English",
"English terms borrowed from Old English",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰrewgʰ- (serve)",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms suffixed with -en",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/aɪtən",
"Rhymes:English/aɪtən/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰrewgʰ-",
"id": "serve"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "drighte"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Middle English drighte",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dryhten",
"t": "a ruler, king, lord, prince, the supreme ruler, the Lord, God, Christ"
},
"expansion": "Old English dryhten (“a ruler, king, lord, prince, the supreme ruler, the Lord, God, Christ”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*druhtin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *druhtin",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*druhtinaz",
"t": "leader, chief, lord"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *druhtinaz (“leader, chief, lord”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰrewgʰ-",
"t": "to hold, hold fast, support"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ- (“to hold, hold fast, support”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "drochten",
"3": "",
"4": "lord"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian drochten (“lord”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "drohtin",
"t": "lord"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon drohtin (“lord”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "truhtin"
},
"expansion": "Old High German truhtin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "truhten"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German truhten",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Trechtin"
},
"expansion": "German Trechtin",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "drot",
"t": "king"
},
"expansion": "Danish drot (“king”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "drott",
"t": "king, ruler, sovereign"
},
"expansion": "Swedish drott (“king, ruler, sovereign”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "dróttinn",
"3": "",
"4": "hero, ruler, lord"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic dróttinn (“hero, ruler, lord”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "ruhtinas",
"3": "",
"4": "sovereign prince"
},
"expansion": "Finnish ruhtinas (“sovereign prince”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "dryht",
"t": "troop, army"
},
"expansion": "Old English dryht (“troop, army”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġedryht",
"t": "troop, body of men"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġedryht (“troop, body of men”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "drēogan",
"t": "to serve in the military, endure"
},
"expansion": "Old English drēogan (“to serve in the military, endure”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+suf",
"2": "en",
"3": "dright",
"4": "en",
"t1": "army, host"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, dright (“army, host”) + -en",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle English drighte, drightin and its etymon Old English dryhten (“a ruler, king, lord, prince, the supreme ruler, the Lord, God, Christ”), from Proto-West Germanic *druhtin, from Proto-Germanic *druhtinaz (“leader, chief, lord”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ- (“to hold, hold fast, support”).\nCognate with Old Frisian drochten (“lord”), Old Saxon drohtin (“lord”), Old High German truhtin, Middle High German truhten, trohten (“ruler, lord”) (obsolete German Trechtin, Trechtein (“lord, God”)), Danish drot (“king”), Swedish drott (“king, ruler, sovereign”), Icelandic dróttinn (“hero, ruler, lord”), Finnish ruhtinas (“sovereign prince”). Related also to Old English dryht (“troop, army”), Old English ġedryht (“troop, body of men”), Old English drēogan (“to serve in the military, endure”). More at dree. By surface analysis, dright (“army, host”) + -en.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "drightens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "dright",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Drighten",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "drighten (plural drightens)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English puristic terms",
"English terms with historical senses",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Fantasy",
"en:Mythology",
"en:Paganism"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
23
]
],
"ref": "2010, Stephan Grundy, Beowulf:",
"text": "Believe me, my drighten, there is not one of us that has ever slacked on watch before!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A lord; ruler; sovereign; chief; leader; prince."
],
"links": [
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"fantasy",
"fantasy"
],
[
"paganism",
"paganism"
],
[
"lord",
"lord"
],
[
"ruler",
"ruler"
],
[
"sovereign",
"sovereign"
],
[
"chief",
"chief"
],
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"prince",
"prince"
]
],
"qualifier": "Anglo-Saxon; paganism or puristic; otherwise obsolete; Anglo-Saxon; paganism or puristic; otherwise obsolete",
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, Anglo-Saxon, Norse mythology, fantasy, paganism or puristic; otherwise obsolete) A lord; ruler; sovereign; chief; leader; prince."
],
"tags": [
"Norse",
"historical"
],
"topics": [
"fantasy",
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"mythology",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"The Lord; Lord God; Christ."
],
"links": [
[
"capitalized",
"capitalisation"
],
[
"Lord",
"Lord"
],
[
"God",
"God"
],
[
"Christ",
"Christ"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, usually capitalized) The Lord; Lord God; Christ."
],
"tags": [
"capitalized",
"obsolete",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɹaɪ.tən/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aɪtən"
}
],
"word": "drighten"
}
Download raw JSONL data for drighten meaning in English (6.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.