"cumbered" meaning in English

See cumbered in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

Forms: more cumbered [comparative], most cumbered [superlative]
Etymology: Etymology tree English cumber Old English -ed Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos Proto-Germanic *-ōdaz Old English -od Middle English -ed English -ed English cumbered From cumber + -ed. Etymology templates: {{ety|en|:af|cumber|-ed<id:adjective>|text=+|tree=1}} Etymology tree English cumber Old English -ed Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos Proto-Germanic *-ōdaz Old English -od Middle English -ed English -ed English cumbered [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*-ōdaz", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old English", "term" : "-od", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ang" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "-ed", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-ed", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "cumbered", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="cumbered"> From cumber + -ed. Head templates: {{en-adj}} cumbered (comparative more cumbered, superlative most cumbered)
  1. (archaic) Encumbered; hampered. Tags: archaic Derived forms: uncumbered
    Sense id: en-cumbered-en-adj-1cwDfCcq Categories (other): English entries referencing missing etymons, English entries with etymology texts, English entries with etymology trees, English entries with etymon, English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -ed (adjective), Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Pages with etymology trees, Pages with etymon Disambiguation of English entries referencing missing etymons: 65 35 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology texts: 60 40 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology trees: 60 40 Disambiguation of English entries with etymon: 61 39 Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 64 36 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ed (adjective): 63 37 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 77 23 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 77 23 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 87 13 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 87 13 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 89 11

Verb

Etymology: Etymology tree English cumber Old English -ed Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos Proto-Germanic *-ōdaz Old English -od Middle English -ed English -ed English cumbered From cumber + -ed. Etymology templates: {{ety|en|:af|cumber|-ed<id:adjective>|text=+|tree=1}} Etymology tree English cumber Old English -ed Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂ Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos Proto-Germanic *-ōdaz Old English -od Middle English -ed English -ed English cumbered [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Germanic", "term" : "*-ōdaz", "lang" : "gem-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old English", "term" : "-od", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ang" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Middle English", "term" : "-ed", "lang" : "enm" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-ed", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "cumbered", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="cumbered"> From cumber + -ed. Head templates: {{head|en|verb form}} cumbered
  1. simple past and past participle of cumber Tags: form-of, participle, past Form of: cumber
    Sense id: en-cumbered-en-verb-f-kH4GZw
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "cumber",
        "4": "-ed<id:adjective>",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish cumber\nOld English -ed\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos\nProto-Germanic *-ōdaz\nOld English -od\nMiddle English -ed\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish cumbered\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōdaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-od\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ed\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ed\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"cumbered\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"cumbered\">\nFrom cumber + -ed.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish cumber\nOld English -ed\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos\nProto-Germanic *-ōdaz\nOld English -od\nMiddle English -ed\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish cumbered\nFrom cumber + -ed.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more cumbered",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most cumbered",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "cumbered (comparative more cumbered, superlative most cumbered)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "65 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries referencing missing etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "60 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "60 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "61 39",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "64 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "63 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ed (adjective)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "77 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "77 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "87 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "87 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "89 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "uncumbered"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              132,
              140
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1910, Saki [pseudonym; Hector Hugh Munro], “Cross Currents”, in Reginald in Russia and Other Sketches, London: Methuen & Co. […], →OCLC, page 94:",
          "text": "Vanessa Pennington had a husband who was poor, with few extenuating circumstances, and an admirer who, though comfortably rich, was cumbered with a sense of honour.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              60,
              68
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1964, “Allah Made Mesopotamia—and Added Flies”, in The Great War:",
          "text": "Townsend was five hundred miles from his base, outnumbered, cumbered with sick and wounded. He faced disaster.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Encumbered; hampered."
      ],
      "id": "en-cumbered-en-adj-1cwDfCcq",
      "links": [
        [
          "Encumbered",
          "encumbered#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "hampered",
          "hampered#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Encumbered; hampered."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "cumbered"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "cumber",
        "4": "-ed<id:adjective>",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish cumber\nOld English -ed\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos\nProto-Germanic *-ōdaz\nOld English -od\nMiddle English -ed\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish cumbered\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōdaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-od\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ed\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ed\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"cumbered\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"cumbered\">\nFrom cumber + -ed.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish cumber\nOld English -ed\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos\nProto-Germanic *-ōdaz\nOld English -od\nMiddle English -ed\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish cumbered\nFrom cumber + -ed.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "cumbered",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "cumber"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "simple past and past participle of cumber"
      ],
      "id": "en-cumbered-en-verb-f-kH4GZw",
      "links": [
        [
          "cumber",
          "cumber#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "cumbered"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English entries referencing missing etymons",
    "English entries with etymology texts",
    "English entries with etymology trees",
    "English entries with etymon",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English terms suffixed with -ed (adjective)",
    "English verb forms",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "uncumbered"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "cumber",
        "4": "-ed<id:adjective>",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish cumber\nOld English -ed\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos\nProto-Germanic *-ōdaz\nOld English -od\nMiddle English -ed\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish cumbered\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōdaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-od\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ed\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ed\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"cumbered\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"cumbered\">\nFrom cumber + -ed.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish cumber\nOld English -ed\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos\nProto-Germanic *-ōdaz\nOld English -od\nMiddle English -ed\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish cumbered\nFrom cumber + -ed.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "more cumbered",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "most cumbered",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "cumbered (comparative more cumbered, superlative most cumbered)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with archaic senses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              132,
              140
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1910, Saki [pseudonym; Hector Hugh Munro], “Cross Currents”, in Reginald in Russia and Other Sketches, London: Methuen & Co. […], →OCLC, page 94:",
          "text": "Vanessa Pennington had a husband who was poor, with few extenuating circumstances, and an admirer who, though comfortably rich, was cumbered with a sense of honour.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              60,
              68
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1964, “Allah Made Mesopotamia—and Added Flies”, in The Great War:",
          "text": "Townsend was five hundred miles from his base, outnumbered, cumbered with sick and wounded. He faced disaster.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Encumbered; hampered."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Encumbered",
          "encumbered#Adjective"
        ],
        [
          "hampered",
          "hampered#Adjective"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) Encumbered; hampered."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "cumbered"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English adjectives",
    "English entries referencing missing etymons",
    "English entries with etymology texts",
    "English entries with etymology trees",
    "English entries with etymon",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English non-lemma forms",
    "English terms suffixed with -ed (adjective)",
    "English verb forms",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "cumber",
        "4": "-ed<id:adjective>",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish cumber\nOld English -ed\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos\nProto-Germanic *-ōdaz\nOld English -od\nMiddle English -ed\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish cumbered\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ōdaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-od\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ed\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ed\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"cumbered\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"cumbered\">\nFrom cumber + -ed.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish cumber\nOld English -ed\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-tós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos\nProto-Germanic *-ōdaz\nOld English -od\nMiddle English -ed\nEnglish -ed\nEnglish cumbered\nFrom cumber + -ed.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "cumbered",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "cumber"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "simple past and past participle of cumber"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cumber",
          "cumber#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "cumbered"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-07-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (b70b34c and e7887d5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.