See caval in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"cava",
"cava#English"
],
[
"*h₂el-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂el-#Proto-Indo-European:_grow"
],
[
"*-is",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-is"
],
[
"*-ālis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ālis"
],
[
"-ālis",
"-alis#Latin:_adjectivizing_suffix"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#Old_French:_forming_adjectives"
],
[
"-ālis",
"-alis#Latin:_adjectivizing_suffix"
],
[
"-el",
"-el#Old_French:_adjective"
],
[
"-ālis",
"-alis#Latin:_adjectivizing_suffix"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#Middle_English:_adjectival_suffix"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#English:_adjectival"
],
[
"cava",
"cava#English"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#English:_adjectival"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"args": {
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"2": ":af",
"3": "cava",
"4": "-al<id:adjectival>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish cava\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālislbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish caval\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"forming adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-el\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"caval\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"caval\">\nFrom cava + -al.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "cava",
"4": "-al<id:adjectival>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish cava\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālislbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish caval\nFrom cava + -al.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish cava\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālislbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish caval\nFrom cava + -al.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "caval (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "aortocaval"
},
{
"word": "atriocaval"
},
{
"word": "bicaval"
},
{
"word": "hepatocaval"
},
{
"word": "iliocaval"
},
{
"word": "intercaval"
},
{
"word": "intracaval"
},
{
"word": "paracaval"
},
{
"word": "pericaval"
},
{
"word": "portacaval"
},
{
"word": "portocaval"
},
{
"word": "postcaval"
},
{
"word": "retrocaval"
},
{
"word": "transcaval"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Relating to the vena cava."
],
"id": "en-caval-en-adj-34ZpzV4B",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"vena cava",
"vena cava"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) Relating to the vena cava."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "vena caval"
}
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkeɪ.vəl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-caval.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-caval.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-caval.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-caval.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-caval.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"word": "caval"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "aortocaval"
},
{
"word": "atriocaval"
},
{
"word": "bicaval"
},
{
"word": "hepatocaval"
},
{
"word": "iliocaval"
},
{
"word": "intercaval"
},
{
"word": "intracaval"
},
{
"word": "paracaval"
},
{
"word": "pericaval"
},
{
"word": "portacaval"
},
{
"word": "portocaval"
},
{
"word": "postcaval"
},
{
"word": "retrocaval"
},
{
"word": "transcaval"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"cava",
"cava#English"
],
[
"*h₂el-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂el-#Proto-Indo-European:_grow"
],
[
"*-is",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-is"
],
[
"*-ālis",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-ālis"
],
[
"-ālis",
"-alis#Latin:_adjectivizing_suffix"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#Old_French:_forming_adjectives"
],
[
"-ālis",
"-alis#Latin:_adjectivizing_suffix"
],
[
"-el",
"-el#Old_French:_adjective"
],
[
"-ālis",
"-alis#Latin:_adjectivizing_suffix"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#Middle_English:_adjectival_suffix"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#English:_adjectival"
],
[
"cava",
"cava#English"
],
[
"-al",
"-al#English:_adjectival"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"args": {
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"2": ":af",
"3": "cava",
"4": "-al<id:adjectival>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish cava\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālislbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish caval\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"forming adjectives\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₂élis\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"grow\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂el-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-is\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-ālis\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-el\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"itc-pro:*-ālis\", \"id\" : \"adjectivizing suffix\", \"title\" : \"-ālis\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ālis\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-al\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"caval\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"caval\">\nFrom cava + -al.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": ":af",
"3": "cava",
"4": "-al<id:adjectival>",
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"expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish cava\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālislbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish caval\nFrom cava + -al.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish cava\nProto-Indo-European *h₂el-\nProto-Indo-European *-is\nProto-Indo-European *h₂élisder.?\nProto-Italic *-ālis\nLatin -ālislbor.\nOld French -albor.\n▲\nLatin -ālis\nOld French -elbor.\n▲\nLatin -ālisbor.\nMiddle English -al\nEnglish -al\nEnglish caval\nFrom cava + -al.",
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{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "caval (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "vena caval"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries referencing missing etymons",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)",
"English terms suffixed with -al (adjectival)",
"English uncomparable adjectives",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"en:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"Relating to the vena cava."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"vena cava",
"vena cava"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) Relating to the vena cava."
],
"tags": [
"not-comparable"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkeɪ.vəl/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-caval.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-caval.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-caval.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"word": "caval"
}
Download raw JSONL data for caval meaning in English (6.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (c1bb342 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.