See by virtue of in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for by virtue of meaning in English (9.6kB)
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"etymology_text": "Modification of Middle English in vertu of, a calque of Anglo-Norman par vertu de or Middle French par la vertu de (“by the authority of”); from Old French vertu (“goodness; honour; valour; virtue”) (whence English virtue (“(obsolete) inherent power of a god or other supernatural being; inherent power or efficacy of something”)).",
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"ref": "1543 June 8, Henry VIII of England, “The Nynthe Article. The Holy Catholike Churche.”, in A Necessary Doctrine and Erudicion for Any Chrysten Man, Set furth by the Kynges Maiestye of Englande, &c., imprinted at London: […] by Thomas Berthelet, […], →OCLC",
"text": "Moreouer the perfit beleue of this article, worketh in all true chriſten people, aloue to continue in this vnitie, and afeare to be caſte out of the ſame, and it worketh in them that be ſinners and repentant, great comforte, and conſolacion, to obteine remiſſion of ſinne, by vertue of Chriſtes paſſion, and adminiſtracion of his ſacramentes at the miniſters handes, ordained for that purpoſe, [...]",
"type": "quotation"
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{
"ref": "1642 July 28, Jer[emiah] Burroughes [i.e., Jeremiah Burroughs], “The Sixth Lecture. Hosea I. the middle of the 11. Verse.”, in An Exposition of the Prophecie of Hosea. […], London: Printed by W. E. and J. G. for R. Dawlman, published 1643, →OCLC, page 151",
"text": "I call that an Inſtitution that hath an efficacie in it for the attaining of ſuch an end by virtue of the Inſtitution, not by virtue of any naturalneſſe that is in the thing. [...] So in preaching the Word, and Eccleſiaſticall cenſures, there is more to be expected, more efficacie to work upon the ſoule, for the ſpirituall man; by virtue of the Inſtitution, then there is in the naturall things that are done there.",
"type": "quotation"
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{
"ref": "1826, George Crabb, “To Guarantee, be Security, be Responsible, Warrant”, in English Synonymes, with Copious Illustrations and Explanations. Drawn from the Best Writers, new enlarged edition, London: Printed for Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy, […]; and Simpkin and Marshall, […]; by C. Baldwin, […], →OCLC, page 173, column 1",
"text": "We guarantee by virtue of our power and the confidence of those who accept the guarantee; it is given by means of a word, which is accepted as a pledge for the future performance of a contract; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1999, Steve Farrow, “Key Idea 4.1: Sources and Forms of Energy”, in The Really Useful Science Book: A Framework of Knowledge for Primary Teachers, 2nd edition, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, New York, N.Y.: RoutledgeFalmer, published 2006, section 4 (Physical Processes), page 147",
"text": "Sir Isaac Newton was the first person to theorize that any two objects would be attracted towards each other by virtue of their masses, and that strength of the force of attraction – the gravitational force – would depend on the masses of the two objects and their distance apart.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2018 June 18, Phil McNulty, “Tunisia 1 – 2 England”, in BBC Sport, archived from the original on 2019-04-21",
"text": "England's domination of the first half was almost total, but they somehow contrived to allow Tunisia to raise themselves off the floor by virtue of rank carelessness from [Gareth] Southgate's side.",
"type": "quotation"
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{
"ref": "2023 May 6, James Poniewozik, “Charles III Was Crowned King. But Can He Ever Be the Star?”, in The New York Times",
"text": "For nearly the entire television age, his mother was the visual representation of royalty. His wedding was one of the biggest TV events of the 20th century, but he came first in “Charles and Diana” only by virtue of birth and, perhaps, the alphabet.",
"type": "quotation"
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"(originally) By the authority or power of; (now) because of; on the grounds of; by reason of."
],
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"(idiomatic) (originally) By the authority or power of; (now) because of; on the grounds of; by reason of."
],
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{
"word": "due to"
},
{
"word": "in virtue of"
},
{
"word": "because of"
}
],
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"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕalā ʔasās",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "عَلَى أَسَاس"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bifaḍl",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "بِفَضْل"
},
{
"code": "ar",
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"roman": "bimuqtḍā",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "بِمُقْتْضَى"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bisababb",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "بِسَبَبّ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "istinādan ʔilā",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "اِسْتِنَادًا إِلَى"
},
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"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "besababb",
"sense": "because of",
"tags": [
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},
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"sense": "because of",
"word": "i kraft af"
},
{
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"lang": "French",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "en vertu de"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "étant donné"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "eu égard à"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "vu"
},
{
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"sense": "because of",
"word": "aufgrund"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "wegen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "vermöge"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "révén"
},
{
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"sense": "because of",
"word": "folytán"
},
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"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "de thairbhe"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "in virtù di"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "bi xêra"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "bi saya"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "li ser bingehê"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "because of",
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},
{
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"sense": "because of",
"word": "به سبب"
},
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"lang": "Polish",
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{
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"sense": "because of",
"word": "на основании"
},
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"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "v silu",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "в силу"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vslédstvije",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "всле́дствие"
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"sense": "because of",
"word": "en virtud de"
},
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"code": "es",
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"sense": "because of",
"word": "por virtud de"
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{
"code": "es",
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"sense": "because of",
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"ipa": "/baɪ ˈvɜːtʃuː ɒv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
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},
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"ipa": "/-tjuː-/",
"tags": [
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"audio": "En-au-by virtue of.ogg",
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"tags": [
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"word": "by virtue of"
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"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Modification of Middle English in vertu of, a calque of Anglo-Norman par vertu de or Middle French par la vertu de (“by the authority of”); from Old French vertu (“goodness; honour; valour; virtue”) (whence English virtue (“(obsolete) inherent power of a god or other supernatural being; inherent power or efficacy of something”)).",
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"ref": "1543 June 8, Henry VIII of England, “The Nynthe Article. The Holy Catholike Churche.”, in A Necessary Doctrine and Erudicion for Any Chrysten Man, Set furth by the Kynges Maiestye of Englande, &c., imprinted at London: […] by Thomas Berthelet, […], →OCLC",
"text": "Moreouer the perfit beleue of this article, worketh in all true chriſten people, aloue to continue in this vnitie, and afeare to be caſte out of the ſame, and it worketh in them that be ſinners and repentant, great comforte, and conſolacion, to obteine remiſſion of ſinne, by vertue of Chriſtes paſſion, and adminiſtracion of his ſacramentes at the miniſters handes, ordained for that purpoſe, [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1642 July 28, Jer[emiah] Burroughes [i.e., Jeremiah Burroughs], “The Sixth Lecture. Hosea I. the middle of the 11. Verse.”, in An Exposition of the Prophecie of Hosea. […], London: Printed by W. E. and J. G. for R. Dawlman, published 1643, →OCLC, page 151",
"text": "I call that an Inſtitution that hath an efficacie in it for the attaining of ſuch an end by virtue of the Inſtitution, not by virtue of any naturalneſſe that is in the thing. [...] So in preaching the Word, and Eccleſiaſticall cenſures, there is more to be expected, more efficacie to work upon the ſoule, for the ſpirituall man; by virtue of the Inſtitution, then there is in the naturall things that are done there.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1826, George Crabb, “To Guarantee, be Security, be Responsible, Warrant”, in English Synonymes, with Copious Illustrations and Explanations. Drawn from the Best Writers, new enlarged edition, London: Printed for Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy, […]; and Simpkin and Marshall, […]; by C. Baldwin, […], →OCLC, page 173, column 1",
"text": "We guarantee by virtue of our power and the confidence of those who accept the guarantee; it is given by means of a word, which is accepted as a pledge for the future performance of a contract; [...]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1999, Steve Farrow, “Key Idea 4.1: Sources and Forms of Energy”, in The Really Useful Science Book: A Framework of Knowledge for Primary Teachers, 2nd edition, Abingdon, Oxfordshire, New York, N.Y.: RoutledgeFalmer, published 2006, section 4 (Physical Processes), page 147",
"text": "Sir Isaac Newton was the first person to theorize that any two objects would be attracted towards each other by virtue of their masses, and that strength of the force of attraction – the gravitational force – would depend on the masses of the two objects and their distance apart.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2018 June 18, Phil McNulty, “Tunisia 1 – 2 England”, in BBC Sport, archived from the original on 2019-04-21",
"text": "England's domination of the first half was almost total, but they somehow contrived to allow Tunisia to raise themselves off the floor by virtue of rank carelessness from [Gareth] Southgate's side.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2023 May 6, James Poniewozik, “Charles III Was Crowned King. But Can He Ever Be the Star?”, in The New York Times",
"text": "For nearly the entire television age, his mother was the visual representation of royalty. His wedding was one of the biggest TV events of the 20th century, but he came first in “Charles and Diana” only by virtue of birth and, perhaps, the alphabet.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(originally) By the authority or power of; (now) because of; on the grounds of; by reason of."
],
"links": [
[
"authority",
"authority"
],
[
"power",
"power#Noun"
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"because of",
"because of"
],
[
"grounds",
"ground#Noun"
],
[
"reason",
"reason#Noun"
]
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"(idiomatic) (originally) By the authority or power of; (now) because of; on the grounds of; by reason of."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "based on"
},
{
"word": "due to"
},
{
"word": "in virtue of"
},
{
"word": "because of"
}
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"tags": [
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{
"ipa": "/-tjuː-/",
"tags": [
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"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕalā ʔasās",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "عَلَى أَسَاس"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bifaḍl",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "بِفَضْل"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bimuqtḍā",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "بِمُقْتْضَى"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "bisababb",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "بِسَبَبّ"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "istinādan ʔilā",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "اِسْتِنَادًا إِلَى"
},
{
"code": "arz",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "besababb",
"sense": "because of",
"tags": [
"Egyptian-Arabic"
],
"word": "بسبب"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "i kraft af"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "en vertu de"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "étant donné"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "eu égard à"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "vu"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "aufgrund"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "wegen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "vermöge"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "révén"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "folytán"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "de thairbhe"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "in virtù di"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "bi xêra"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "bi saya"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "li ser bingehê"
},
{
"code": "kmr",
"lang": "Northern Kurdish",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "li ser esasê"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "be sabab-e",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "به سبب"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "z racji"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "em virtude de"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "na osnovanii",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "на основании"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "v silu",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "в силу"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vslédstvije",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "всле́дствие"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "en virtud de"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "por virtud de"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "because of",
"word": "en vista de"
}
],
"word": "by virtue of"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (8203a16 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.