See bitterling in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "oily bitterling"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Bitterling"
},
"expansion": "German Bitterling",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "amārus",
"t": "bitter"
},
"expansion": "Latin amārus (“bitter”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bitter",
"3": "-ling"
},
"expansion": "bitter + -ling",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German Bitterling, calque from Latin amārus (“bitter”), equivalent to bitter + -ling. Compare grayling, fingerling.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bitterlings",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bitterling (plural bitterlings)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "61 39",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Cyprinids",
"orig": "en:Cyprinids",
"parents": [
"Fish",
"Otocephalan fish",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various species of small cyprinid fish in the genus Rhodeus."
],
"id": "en-bitterling-en-noun-2NoG7VJB",
"links": [
[
"cyprinid",
"cyprinid"
],
[
"Rhodeus",
"Rhodeus#Translingual"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gorčivka",
"sense": "fish of the genus Rhodeus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "горчивка"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fish of the genus Rhodeus",
"word": "katkerokala"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fish of the genus Rhodeus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bouvière"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fish of the genus Rhodeus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bitterling"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "fish of the genus Rhodeus",
"word": "ökle"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "fish of the genus Rhodeus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rodeo"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"alt": "バラタナゴ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "baratanago",
"sense": "fish of the genus Rhodeus",
"word": "薔薇鱮"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gorčák",
"sense": "fish of the genus Rhodeus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "горча́к"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "fish of the genus Rhodeus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "górcyc"
},
{
"_dis1": "76 24",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "fish of the genus Rhodeus",
"word": "acı balık"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ling",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 84",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "30 70",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 74",
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"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 80",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Specifically Rhodeus amarus, formerly called Rhodeus sericeus."
],
"id": "en-bitterling-en-noun-Nh8ag8aG",
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "26 74",
"sense": "Rhodeus amarus",
"word": "European bitterling"
}
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bitterling"
],
"word": "bitterling"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from German",
"English terms derived from German",
"English terms suffixed with -ling",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Bulgarian translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Lower Sorbian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"en:Cyprinids"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "oily bitterling"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "de",
"3": "Bitterling"
},
"expansion": "German Bitterling",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "amārus",
"t": "bitter"
},
"expansion": "Latin amārus (“bitter”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bitter",
"3": "-ling"
},
"expansion": "bitter + -ling",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German Bitterling, calque from Latin amārus (“bitter”), equivalent to bitter + -ling. Compare grayling, fingerling.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bitterlings",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bitterling (plural bitterlings)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Any of various species of small cyprinid fish in the genus Rhodeus."
],
"links": [
[
"cyprinid",
"cyprinid"
],
[
"Rhodeus",
"Rhodeus#Translingual"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)"
],
"glosses": [
"Specifically Rhodeus amarus, formerly called Rhodeus sericeus."
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "Rhodeus amarus",
"word": "European bitterling"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "gorčivka",
"sense": "fish of the genus Rhodeus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "горчивка"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "fish of the genus Rhodeus",
"word": "katkerokala"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "fish of the genus Rhodeus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "bouvière"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "fish of the genus Rhodeus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bitterling"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "fish of the genus Rhodeus",
"word": "ökle"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "fish of the genus Rhodeus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rodeo"
},
{
"alt": "バラタナゴ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "baratanago",
"sense": "fish of the genus Rhodeus",
"word": "薔薇鱮"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gorčák",
"sense": "fish of the genus Rhodeus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "горча́к"
},
{
"code": "dsb",
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"sense": "fish of the genus Rhodeus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "górcyc"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "fish of the genus Rhodeus",
"word": "acı balık"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bitterling"
],
"word": "bitterling"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bitterling meaning in English (3.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.