See begum in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for begum meaning in English (6.0kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "be",
"3": "gum"
},
"expansion": "be- + gum",
"name": "prefix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "be- + gum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "begums",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "begumming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "begummed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "begummed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "++"
},
"expansion": "begum (third-person singular simple present begums, present participle begumming, simple past and past participle begummed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with be-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To daub or cover with gum."
],
"id": "en-begum-en-verb-2dMnQdZD",
"links": [
[
"daub",
"daub"
],
[
"cover",
"cover"
],
[
"gum",
"gum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To daub or cover with gum."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bəˈɡʌm/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-begum.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"begum"
],
"word": "begum"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "بیگم",
"tr": "bēgum"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian بیگم (bēgum)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "trk",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Turkic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa-cls",
"2": "خانم",
"tr": "xānum"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian خانم (xānum)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Classical Persian بیگم (bēgum), from East Turkic begüm, from beg (a title of nobility in Iran, Central Asia and South Asia) + -um (feminine suffix for titles of nobility). Compare Classical Persian خانم (xānum).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "begums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "begum (plural begums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "male form of begum",
"word": "bey"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "66 31 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1872, James De Mille, The Cryptogram, HTML edition, The Gutenberg Project, published 2009",
"text": "She was the daughter of an English officer, who having fallen in love with an Indian Begum gave up home, country, and friends, and married her.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, “Bangladesh: Out of the basket”, in The Economist",
"text": "toxic politics dominated by the bitter infighting of the “battling begums” (the widow and daughter of former presidents, who lead the two main parties).",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a high-ranking Muslim woman, especially in South Asia"
],
"id": "en-begum-en-noun-pAF9dFo2",
"links": [
[
"Muslim",
"Muslim"
],
[
"woman",
"woman"
],
[
"South Asia",
"South Asia"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"word": "bəyim"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "begom",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"word": "বেগম"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Begum"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "begam",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "बेगम"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "begüm",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"word": "بیگم"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "beygom",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"word": "بیگم"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "béguma",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бе́гума"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "begum"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "bēgaṁ",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"word": "బేగం"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"word": "begüm"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "begam",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "بیگَم"
},
{
"_dis1": "65 35",
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"word": "begim"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the form of address for such a woman"
],
"id": "en-begum-en-noun-5UuYhaUA",
"links": [
[
"form of address",
"form of address#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbeɪɡəm/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛɡəm/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛɡəm"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-begum2.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/da/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum2.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/da/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum2.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-begum3.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum3.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum3.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum3.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum3.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"begum"
],
"word": "begum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"English terms derived from Classical Persian",
"English terms derived from Turkic languages",
"English terms prefixed with be-",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Rhymes:English/ɛɡəm",
"Rhymes:English/ɛɡəm/2 syllables",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm",
"Rhymes:English/ʌm/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "be",
"3": "gum"
},
"expansion": "be- + gum",
"name": "prefix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "be- + gum.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "begums",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "begumming",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "begummed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "begummed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "++"
},
"expansion": "begum (third-person singular simple present begums, present participle begumming, simple past and past participle begummed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To daub or cover with gum."
],
"links": [
[
"daub",
"daub"
],
[
"cover",
"cover"
],
[
"gum",
"gum"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To daub or cover with gum."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bəˈɡʌm/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌm"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-begum.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"begum"
],
"word": "begum"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"English terms derived from Classical Persian",
"English terms derived from Turkic languages",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/ɛɡəm",
"Rhymes:English/ɛɡəm/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "بیگم",
"tr": "bēgum"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian بیگم (bēgum)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "trk",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Turkic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa-cls",
"2": "خانم",
"tr": "xānum"
},
"expansion": "Classical Persian خانم (xānum)",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Classical Persian بیگم (bēgum), from East Turkic begüm, from beg (a title of nobility in Iran, Central Asia and South Asia) + -um (feminine suffix for titles of nobility). Compare Classical Persian خانم (xānum).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "begums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "begum (plural begums)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "male form of begum",
"word": "bey"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1872, James De Mille, The Cryptogram, HTML edition, The Gutenberg Project, published 2009",
"text": "She was the daughter of an English officer, who having fallen in love with an Indian Begum gave up home, country, and friends, and married her.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, “Bangladesh: Out of the basket”, in The Economist",
"text": "toxic politics dominated by the bitter infighting of the “battling begums” (the widow and daughter of former presidents, who lead the two main parties).",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a high-ranking Muslim woman, especially in South Asia"
],
"links": [
[
"Muslim",
"Muslim"
],
[
"woman",
"woman"
],
[
"South Asia",
"South Asia"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the form of address for such a woman"
],
"links": [
[
"form of address",
"form of address#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbeɪɡəm/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɛɡəm/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛɡəm"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-begum2.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/da/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum2.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/da/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum2.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum2.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-begum3.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum3.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum3.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum3.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-begum3.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"word": "bəyim"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "begom",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"word": "বেগম"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Begum"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "begam",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "बेगम"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "begüm",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"word": "بیگم"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "beygom",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"word": "بیگم"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "béguma",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "бе́гума"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "begum"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "bēgaṁ",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"word": "బేగం"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"word": "begüm"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "begam",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "بیگَم"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "a high ranking woman",
"word": "begim"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"begum"
],
"word": "begum"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.