See be- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for be- meaning in English (10.2kB)
{
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},
"expansion": "Middle English be-",
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{
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{
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},
{
"args": {
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"4": "",
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},
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
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"4": "",
"5": "at, near"
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{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "West Frisian be- (“be-”)",
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{
"args": {
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"2": "be-",
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"4": "be-"
},
"expansion": "Dutch be- (“be-”)",
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "be-",
"t": "be-"
},
"expansion": "German Low German be- (“be-”)",
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{
"args": {
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"2": "be-",
"3": "",
"4": "be-"
},
"expansion": "German be- (“be-”)",
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{
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"4": "be-"
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"expansion": "Danish be- (“be-”)",
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"4": "be-"
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"expansion": "Swedish be- (“be-”)",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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},
"expansion": "by",
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],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English be-, bi-, from Old English be- (“be-”), from Proto-Germanic *bi- (“be-”), from Proto-Germanic *bi (“near, by”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at, near”). See by.\nCognate with Saterland Frisian bi- (“be-”), West Frisian be- (“be-”), Dutch be- (“be-”), German Low German be- (“be-”), German be- (“be-”), Danish be- (“be-”), Swedish be- (“be-”). More at by.",
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "be-",
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}
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
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{
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{
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "beleaguer, bestand, beset, besit"
}
],
"glosses": [
"By, near, next to, around, close to."
],
"id": "en-be--en-prefix-en:near",
"links": [
[
"By",
"by"
],
[
"near",
"near"
],
[
"next to",
"next to"
],
[
"around",
"around"
],
[
"close to",
"close to"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare or no longer productive) By, near, next to, around, close to."
],
"senseid": [
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],
"tags": [
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"rare"
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{
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "begather, belay, belook, bestir, belive, besmell, bewrap"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Around; about."
],
"id": "en-be--en-prefix-en:around",
"links": [
[
"Around",
"around"
],
[
"about",
"about"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare or no longer productive) Around; about."
],
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},
{
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"_dis": "13 12 12 10 13 11 9 13 8",
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "bewrite, betalk, betell, belie, bemoan, bemourn, bewail, beknow, besing, bespeak"
}
],
"glosses": [
"About, regarding, concerning, over."
],
"id": "en-be--en-prefix-en:regarding",
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[
"About",
"about"
],
[
"regarding",
"regarding"
],
[
"concerning",
"concerning"
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[
"over",
"over"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare or no longer productive) About, regarding, concerning, over."
],
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{
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "beclothe, becall, besee, behold, befall, bedo, beshine, besmile, betone"
}
],
"glosses": [
"On, upon, at, to, in contact with something."
],
"id": "en-be--en-prefix-en:contacting",
"links": [
[
"On",
"on"
],
[
"upon",
"upon"
],
[
"at",
"at"
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[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"contact",
"contact"
]
],
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"(rare or no longer productive) On, upon, at, to, in contact with something."
],
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"rare"
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{
"_dis": "13 12 12 10 13 11 9 13 8",
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "becut, bedeal, betake, bego, behead, belimb, benim, bereave, besleeve, betrunk"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Off, away, over, across"
],
"id": "en-be--en-prefix-en:away",
"links": [
[
"Off",
"off"
],
[
"away",
"away"
],
[
"over",
"over"
],
[
"across",
"across"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare or no longer productive) Off, away, over, across"
],
"senseid": [
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"morpheme",
"rare"
]
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{
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"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "12 11 11 9 11 18 8 11 9",
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{
"_dis": "12 5 9 4 8 35 3 14 10",
"kind": "other",
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{
"_dis": "13 12 12 10 13 11 9 13 8",
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "bebreak, begladden, belabour, behate, bedazzle"
}
],
"glosses": [
"As an intensifier; i.e. thoroughly, excessively; completely; utterly."
],
"id": "en-be--en-prefix-en:intensifying",
"links": [
[
"intensifier",
"intensifier"
],
[
"thoroughly",
"thoroughly"
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[
"excessively",
"excessively"
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[
"completely",
"completely"
],
[
"utterly",
"utterly"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare or no longer productive) As an intensifier; i.e. thoroughly, excessively; completely; utterly."
],
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"en:intensifying"
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"idiomatic",
"morpheme",
"rare"
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},
{
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{
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"Entry maintenance"
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "belave, belick, bescatter, bekiss"
}
],
"glosses": [
"All around; about; abundantly; all over."
],
"id": "en-be--en-prefix-en:thoroughly",
"links": [
[
"around",
"around"
],
[
"about",
"about"
],
[
"abundantly",
"abundantly"
],
[
"all over",
"all over"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare or no longer productive) All around; about; abundantly; all over."
],
"senseid": [
"en:thoroughly"
],
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"idiomatic",
"morpheme",
"rare"
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},
{
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{
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{
"_dis": "13 12 12 10 13 11 9 13 8",
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "becalm, bedark, befree, befriend, bedim, beken, benight, benothing, bewet, besmooth, bestrange"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming verbs derived from nouns or adjectives, usually with the sense of \"to make, become, or cause to be\"."
],
"id": "en-be--en-prefix-en:doing",
"links": [
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
],
[
"nouns",
"nouns#English"
],
[
"adjectives",
"adjectives#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare or no longer productive) Forming verbs derived from nouns or adjectives, usually with the sense of \"to make, become, or cause to be\"."
],
"senseid": [
"en:doing"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
},
{
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{
"kind": "other",
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "besequined, befeathered, beclawed, bewebbed, betasseled, beloved"
},
{
"ref": "2010 October 17, Hadley Freeman, “Tattoos: what makes one spiritual and another Katona-esque?”, in The Guardian",
"text": "Similarly, one could argue that if these be-tattooed yogic folk were really so spiritual, they wouldn't feel the need to inform everyone else of this or remind themselves of it, via the medium of the tattoo.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to intensify adjectives meaning \"adorned with something\", often those with the suffix -ed."
],
"id": "en-be--en-prefix-en:adorned",
"links": [
[
"adorned",
"adorned#English"
],
[
"-ed",
"-ed#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic or informal) Used to intensify adjectives meaning \"adorned with something\", often those with the suffix -ed."
],
"senseid": [
"en:adorned"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"informal",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɪ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bi/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bə/"
}
],
"word": "be-"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English intensifiers",
"English lemmas",
"English prefixes",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
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"etymology_templates": [
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"expansion": "Middle English be-",
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{
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"4": "",
"5": "at, near"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at, near”)",
"name": "inh"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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"expansion": "by",
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "Saterland Frisian bi- (“be-”)",
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{
"args": {
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{
"args": {
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"2": "be-",
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"4": "be-"
},
"expansion": "Dutch be- (“be-”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "be-",
"t": "be-"
},
"expansion": "German Low German be- (“be-”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "be-",
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"4": "be-"
},
"expansion": "German be- (“be-”)",
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{
"args": {
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"4": "be-"
},
"expansion": "Danish be- (“be-”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "be-",
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"4": "be-"
},
"expansion": "Swedish be- (“be-”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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},
"expansion": "by",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English be-, bi-, from Old English be- (“be-”), from Proto-Germanic *bi- (“be-”), from Proto-Germanic *bi (“near, by”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi (“at, near”). See by.\nCognate with Saterland Frisian bi- (“be-”), West Frisian be- (“be-”), Dutch be- (“be-”), German Low German be- (“be-”), German be- (“be-”), Danish be- (“be-”), Swedish be- (“be-”). More at by.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "be-",
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{
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant target parameters",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "beleaguer, bestand, beset, besit"
}
],
"glosses": [
"By, near, next to, around, close to."
],
"links": [
[
"By",
"by"
],
[
"near",
"near"
],
[
"next to",
"next to"
],
[
"around",
"around"
],
[
"close to",
"close to"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare or no longer productive) By, near, next to, around, close to."
],
"senseid": [
"en:near"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant target parameters",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "begather, belay, belook, bestir, belive, besmell, bewrap"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Around; about."
],
"links": [
[
"Around",
"around"
],
[
"about",
"about"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare or no longer productive) Around; about."
],
"senseid": [
"en:around"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant target parameters",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "bewrite, betalk, betell, belie, bemoan, bemourn, bewail, beknow, besing, bespeak"
}
],
"glosses": [
"About, regarding, concerning, over."
],
"links": [
[
"About",
"about"
],
[
"regarding",
"regarding"
],
[
"concerning",
"concerning"
],
[
"over",
"over"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare or no longer productive) About, regarding, concerning, over."
],
"senseid": [
"en:regarding"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant target parameters",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "beclothe, becall, besee, behold, befall, bedo, beshine, besmile, betone"
}
],
"glosses": [
"On, upon, at, to, in contact with something."
],
"links": [
[
"On",
"on"
],
[
"upon",
"upon"
],
[
"at",
"at"
],
[
"to",
"to"
],
[
"contact",
"contact"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare or no longer productive) On, upon, at, to, in contact with something."
],
"senseid": [
"en:contacting"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant target parameters",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "becut, bedeal, betake, bego, behead, belimb, benim, bereave, besleeve, betrunk"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Off, away, over, across"
],
"links": [
[
"Off",
"off"
],
[
"away",
"away"
],
[
"over",
"over"
],
[
"across",
"across"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare or no longer productive) Off, away, over, across"
],
"senseid": [
"en:away"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant target parameters",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "bebreak, begladden, belabour, behate, bedazzle"
}
],
"glosses": [
"As an intensifier; i.e. thoroughly, excessively; completely; utterly."
],
"links": [
[
"intensifier",
"intensifier"
],
[
"thoroughly",
"thoroughly"
],
[
"excessively",
"excessively"
],
[
"completely",
"completely"
],
[
"utterly",
"utterly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare or no longer productive) As an intensifier; i.e. thoroughly, excessively; completely; utterly."
],
"senseid": [
"en:intensifying"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant target parameters",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "belave, belick, bescatter, bekiss"
}
],
"glosses": [
"All around; about; abundantly; all over."
],
"links": [
[
"around",
"around"
],
[
"about",
"about"
],
[
"abundantly",
"abundantly"
],
[
"all over",
"all over"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare or no longer productive) All around; about; abundantly; all over."
],
"senseid": [
"en:thoroughly"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English links with redundant target parameters",
"English terms with rare senses"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "becalm, bedark, befree, befriend, bedim, beken, benight, benothing, bewet, besmooth, bestrange"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming verbs derived from nouns or adjectives, usually with the sense of \"to make, become, or cause to be\"."
],
"links": [
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
],
[
"nouns",
"nouns#English"
],
[
"adjectives",
"adjectives#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare or no longer productive) Forming verbs derived from nouns or adjectives, usually with the sense of \"to make, become, or cause to be\"."
],
"senseid": [
"en:doing"
],
"tags": [
"idiomatic",
"morpheme",
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms",
"English links with redundant target parameters",
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "besequined, befeathered, beclawed, bewebbed, betasseled, beloved"
},
{
"ref": "2010 October 17, Hadley Freeman, “Tattoos: what makes one spiritual and another Katona-esque?”, in The Guardian",
"text": "Similarly, one could argue that if these be-tattooed yogic folk were really so spiritual, they wouldn't feel the need to inform everyone else of this or remind themselves of it, via the medium of the tattoo.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to intensify adjectives meaning \"adorned with something\", often those with the suffix -ed."
],
"links": [
[
"adorned",
"adorned#English"
],
[
"-ed",
"-ed#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic or informal) Used to intensify adjectives meaning \"adorned with something\", often those with the suffix -ed."
],
"senseid": [
"en:adorned"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"informal",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɪ/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bi/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bə/"
}
],
"word": "be-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (0b52755 and 5cb0836). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.