See autonomously in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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(<span class=\\\"None\\\" lang=\\\"und\\\">2010<\\/span>), “<span class=\\\"Polyt\\\" lang=\\\"grc\\\">νέμω, -ομαι<\\/span>”, in <cite>[https:\\/\\/archive.org\\/details\\/etymological-dictionary-of-greek_202306 Etymological Dictionary of Greek]<\\/cite> (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; <span class=\\\"None\\\" lang=\\\"und\\\">10<\\/span>), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, <small>→ISBN<\\/small>, pages <span class=\\\"None\\\" lang=\\\"und\\\">1006-7<\\/span>:<\\/span> “<span class=\\\"h-quotation\\\"><span class=\\\"None e-quotation cited-passage\\\" lang=\\\"und\\\">DER > B > νόμος<\\/span><\\/span>”<\\/span>>\", \"3\" : \"νέμω<t:to distribute><id:to distribute>\", \"4\" : \"-ος<id:o-grade>\", \"id\" : \"usage\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"νόμος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"grc\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : 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\"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ous\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"autonomous\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"adverbial\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adverbial\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"like\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*leyg-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*līką\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-līkaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ê\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-līkê\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-līkē\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"gem-pro\", \"2\" : \":der\", \"3\" : \"*līką\", \"id\" : \"-like\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-līkaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-līk\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-līċ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" }, { \"id\" : \"adverbial\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ā\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ê\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-e\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"is_group\" : true, 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"name": "ety"
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"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ew\nProto-Indo-European *tó-\nProto-Hellenic *autós\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ewder.\nAncient Greek αὖ (aû)\nAncient Greek τόν (tón)\nAncient Greek αὐτός (autós)\nAncient Greek αὐτο- (auto-)\nProto-Indo-European *nem-der.\nProto-Indo-European *németi\nProto-Hellenic *némō\nAncient Greek νέμω (némō)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek νόμος (nómos)\n▲\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek αὐτόνομος (autónomos)\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂\nProto-Hellenic *-íā\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā)\nAncient Greek αὐτονομῐ́ᾱ (autonomĭ́ā)bor.\nEnglish autonomy\nProto-Indo-European *h₃ed-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *h₃édosder.?\nProto-Italic *-ŏ̄dsos?\nOld Latin -ōssus\nLatin -ōsus\nOld French -usbor.\nMiddle English -ous\nEnglish -ous\nEnglish autonomous\nProto-Indo-European *leyg-der.\nProto-Germanic *līkąder.\nProto-Germanic *-līkaz\nProto-Germanic *-ê\nProto-Germanic *-līkê\nProto-West Germanic *-līkē\nOld English -līċe\nMiddle English -ly\nEnglish -ly\nEnglish autonomously\nFrom autonomous + -ly.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more autonomously",
"tags": [
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{
"form": "most autonomously",
"tags": [
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"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
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"derived": [
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"word": "nonautonomously"
},
{
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},
{
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"examples": [
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"ref": "1994 December 10, Peter Applebome, “Some Educators See Experimental Hybrids As Country's Best Hope for Public Schools”, in The New York Times:",
"text": "Housed in a converted grocery store, the Academy Charter School is a new kind of public school that operates autonomously under state charter rather than under local school district control.",
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"ref": "2023 January 31, Jack Ewing and Cade Metz, “Tesla’s Self-Driving Technology Comes Under Justice Dept. Scrutiny”, in The New York Times:",
"text": "Nonetheless, Mr. Musk has often described the technology as if it could fully drive cars or was on its way to operating autonomously.",
"type": "quotation"
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"glosses": [
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],
"id": "en-autonomously-en-adv-0oFhBXXb",
"links": [
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[
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{
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"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "In an autonomous manner",
"word": "autonomamente"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "In an autonomous manner",
"word": "autonomamente"
},
{
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"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "In an autonomous manner",
"word": "autonomicznie"
},
{
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"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "In an autonomous manner",
"word": "autonomamente"
},
{
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"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "In an autonomous manner",
"word": "autónomamente"
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"word": "autonomously"
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{
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{
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"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ew\nProto-Indo-European *tó-\nProto-Hellenic *autós\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ewder.\nAncient Greek αὖ (aû)\nAncient Greek τόν (tón)\nAncient Greek αὐτός (autós)\nAncient Greek αὐτο- (auto-)\nProto-Indo-European *nem-der.\nProto-Indo-European *németi\nProto-Hellenic *némō\nAncient Greek νέμω (némō)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek νόμος (nómos)\n▲\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek αὐτόνομος (autónomos)\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂\nProto-Hellenic *-íā\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā)\nAncient Greek αὐτονομῐ́ᾱ (autonomĭ́ā)bor.\nEnglish autonomy\nProto-Indo-European *h₃ed-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *h₃édosder.?\nProto-Italic *-ŏ̄dsos?\nOld Latin -ōssus\nLatin -ōsus\nOld French -usbor.\nMiddle English -ous\nEnglish -ous\nEnglish autonomous\nProto-Indo-European *leyg-der.\nProto-Germanic *līkąder.\nProto-Germanic *-līkaz\nProto-Germanic *-ê\nProto-Germanic *-līkê\nProto-West Germanic *-līkē\nOld English -līċe\nMiddle English -ly\nEnglish -ly\nEnglish autonomously\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"self-\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂ew\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*tó-\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*só\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*autós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"away from\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"ine-pro\", \"id\" : \"away from\", \"pos\" : \"word\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂ew\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"αὖ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"τόν\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"αὐτός\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"αὐτο-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"usage, custom; law, ordinance\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to distribute\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"distribute\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*nem-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*németi\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*némō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"νέμω\", \"gloss\" : \"to distribute\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"thematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"νόμος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"other o-stems\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"grk-pro\", \"2\" : \":inherited\", \"3\" : \"ine-pro:*-os<id:thematic>\", \"status\" : \"inline\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\", \"pos\" : \"adjectival suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"αὐτόνομος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-i-eh₂\", \"id\" : \"i-extension\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"o-grade\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"collective nouns\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-h₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-éh₂\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-íā\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ᾱ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"αὐτονομῐ́ᾱ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"self\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"grc\", \"2\" : \"αὐτός\", \"id\" : \"self-\", \"pos\" : \"prefix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"αὐτο-\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"auto-\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"grc\", \"2\" : \":af<ref:<span class=\\\"citation-whole\\\"><span class=\\\"cited-source\\\">Beekes, Robert S. P. (<span class=\\\"None\\\" lang=\\\"und\\\">2010<\\/span>), “<span class=\\\"Polyt\\\" lang=\\\"grc\\\">νέμω, -ομαι<\\/span>”, in <cite>[https:\\/\\/archive.org\\/details\\/etymological-dictionary-of-greek_202306 Etymological Dictionary of Greek]<\\/cite> (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; <span class=\\\"None\\\" lang=\\\"und\\\">10<\\/span>), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, <small>→ISBN<\\/small>, pages <span class=\\\"None\\\" lang=\\\"und\\\">1006-7<\\/span>:<\\/span> “<span class=\\\"h-quotation\\\"><span class=\\\"None e-quotation cited-passage\\\" lang=\\\"und\\\">DER > B > νόμος<\\/span><\\/span>”<\\/span>>\", \"3\" : \"νέμω<t:to distribute><id:to distribute>\", \"4\" : \"-ος<id:o-grade>\", \"id\" : \"usage\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"νόμος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"grc\", \"2\" : \":inh\", \"3\" : \"grk-pro:*-íā<ety:inh<ine-pro:*-éh₂<alt:*-i-eh₂><id:i-extension>>>\", \"id\" : \"abstract noun\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ᾱ\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-nomia\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"French\", \"term\" : \"-nomie\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fr\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" }, { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"lbor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Learned borrowing from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":af\", \"3\" : \"grc:νόμος\", \"4\" : \"grc:-ῐ́ᾱ\", \"id\" : \"study\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-nomia\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-nomy\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"By surface analysis,\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\", \"is_invisible\" : \"tree\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"autonomy\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ŏ̄dsos\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₃édos\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"smell\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₃ed-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ōssus\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-ola\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ōsus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-us\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ous\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ous\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"autonomous\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"adverbial\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adverbial\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"like\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*leyg-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*līką\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-līkaz\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ê\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-līkê\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-līkē\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"gem-pro\", \"2\" : \":der\", \"3\" : \"*līką\", \"id\" : \"-like\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-līkaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-līk\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-līċ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" }, { \"id\" : \"adverbial\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-ā\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ê\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-e\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"afeq\", \"is_invisible\" : \"all\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-līċe\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ly\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ly\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"autonomously\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"autonomously\">\nFrom autonomous + -ly.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ew\nProto-Indo-European *tó-\nProto-Hellenic *autós\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ewder.\nAncient Greek αὖ (aû)\nAncient Greek τόν (tón)\nAncient Greek αὐτός (autós)\nAncient Greek αὐτο- (auto-)\nProto-Indo-European *nem-der.\nProto-Indo-European *németi\nProto-Hellenic *némō\nAncient Greek νέμω (némō)\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek νόμος (nómos)\n▲\nProto-Hellenic *-os\nAncient Greek -ος (-os)\nAncient Greek αὐτόνομος (autónomos)\nProto-Indo-European *-h₂\nProto-Indo-European *-éh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂\nProto-Hellenic *-íā\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ᾱ (-ĭ́ā)\nAncient Greek αὐτονομῐ́ᾱ (autonomĭ́ā)bor.\nEnglish autonomy\nProto-Indo-European *h₃ed-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *h₃édosder.?\nProto-Italic *-ŏ̄dsos?\nOld Latin -ōssus\nLatin -ōsus\nOld French -usbor.\nMiddle English -ous\nEnglish -ous\nEnglish autonomous\nProto-Indo-European *leyg-der.\nProto-Germanic *līkąder.\nProto-Germanic *-līkaz\nProto-Germanic *-ê\nProto-Germanic *-līkê\nProto-West Germanic *-līkē\nOld English -līċe\nMiddle English -ly\nEnglish -ly\nEnglish autonomously\nFrom autonomous + -ly.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more autonomously",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most autonomously",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "autonomously (comparative more autonomously, superlative most autonomously)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English adverbs",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃ed- (smell)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leyg- (like)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *nem- (distribute)",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₂ew",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *só",
"English terms suffixed with -ly (adverbial)",
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
109,
121
]
],
"ref": "1994 December 10, Peter Applebome, “Some Educators See Experimental Hybrids As Country's Best Hope for Public Schools”, in The New York Times:",
"text": "Housed in a converted grocery store, the Academy Charter School is a new kind of public school that operates autonomously under state charter rather than under local school district control.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
120,
132
]
],
"ref": "2023 January 31, Jack Ewing and Cade Metz, “Tesla’s Self-Driving Technology Comes Under Justice Dept. Scrutiny”, in The New York Times:",
"text": "Nonetheless, Mr. Musk has often described the technology as if it could fully drive cars or was on its way to operating autonomously.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In an autonomous or self-governing manner."
],
"links": [
[
"autonomous",
"autonomous"
],
[
"self-governing",
"self-governing"
]
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "independently"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "In an autonomous manner",
"word": "autonomamente"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "In an autonomous manner",
"word": "autonomamente"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "In an autonomous manner",
"word": "autonomicznie"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "In an autonomous manner",
"word": "autonomamente"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "In an autonomous manner",
"word": "autónomamente"
}
],
"word": "autonomously"
}
Download raw JSONL data for autonomously meaning in English (19.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.