"autochthon" meaning in English

See autochthon in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ɔːˈtɒkθ(ə)n/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ɔːˈtɒkθɒn/ [Received-Pronunciation], /ɔˈtɑkθ(ə)n/ [General-American], /ɔˈtɑkˌθɑn/ [General-American], /ɑˈtɑkθ(ə)n/ [General-American], /ɑˈtɑkˌθɑn/ [General-American] Audio: En-uk-autochthon.oga Forms: autochthons [plural], autochthones [plural]
Etymology: From Ancient Greek αὐτόχθων (autókhthōn, “indigenous”), from αὐτός (autós, “self”) + χθών (khthṓn, “earth, soil”). Etymology templates: {{der|en|grc|αὐτόχθων||indigenous}} Ancient Greek αὐτόχθων (autókhthōn, “indigenous”), {{com|grc|αὐτός|χθών|nocat=1|t1=self|t2=earth, soil}} αὐτός (autós, “self”) + χθών (khthṓn, “earth, soil”) Head templates: {{en-noun|s|autochthones}} autochthon (plural autochthons or autochthones)
  1. (formal) The earliest inhabitant of an area; an aborigine. Tags: formal Categories (topical): People Translations (earliest inhabitant): autòcton [masculine] (Catalan), 土著人 (tǔzhùrén) (Chinese Mandarin), 原住民 (yuánzhùmín) (Chinese Mandarin), autochtoon [masculine] (Dutch), indiĝeno (Esperanto), aŭtoĥtono (Esperanto), aŭtoktono (Esperanto), alkuasukas (Finnish), autoktoni (Finnish), autochtone (French), αυτόχθονας (aftóchthonas) [masculine] (Greek), автохтон (avtoxton) (Kazakh), автохтон (avtohton) (Kyrgyz), autochton [masculine] (Polish), autochtonka [feminine] (Polish), autohton [masculine] (Romanian), автохто́н (avtoxtón) [masculine] (Russian), autóctono [masculine] (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-autochthon-en-noun-WPv6HjCL Disambiguation of People: 98 2 Disambiguation of 'earliest inhabitant': 93 7
  2. (geology) A large mass of rock in the place of its original formation, rooted to its basement (foundation rock) as opposed to an allochthon or nappe which has shifted from the place of formation; an autochthonous rock formation. Categories (topical): Geology Translations (geology): autochton [masculine] (Polish)
    Sense id: en-autochthon-en-noun-4Zly8XRk Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Kazakh translations, Terms with Kyrgyz translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Spanish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 3 97 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 5 95 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 27 73 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 9 91 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 7 93 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 28 72 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 6 94 Disambiguation of Terms with Kazakh translations: 33 67 Disambiguation of Terms with Kyrgyz translations: 31 69 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 14 86 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 27 73 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 31 69 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 7 93 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 4 96 Topics: geography, geology, natural-sciences Disambiguation of 'geology': 4 96
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: autocthon [obsolete] Related terms: autochthonal, autochthonic, autochthonism, autochthonous, autochthonously, autochthony

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
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      "expansion": "Ancient Greek αὐτόχθων (autókhthōn, “indigenous”)",
      "name": "der"
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  "etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek αὐτόχθων (autókhthōn, “indigenous”), from αὐτός (autós, “self”) + χθών (khthṓn, “earth, soil”).",
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  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "autochthonal"
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        {
          "ref": "1901, “Jacobus X” [pseudonym], The Basis of Passional Psychology: A Study of the Laws of Love in Man and the Lower Animals, Paris: Charles Carrington, →OCLC, page 279",
          "text": "The Foreigner by his Intercourse with an Autocthon has an Autocthon Progeny. Wherever a type is found in the population of a country, there it is still found in spite of innumerable crossings; […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1966, J. Ex, Adjustment after Migration: A Longitudinal Study of the Process of Adjustment by Refugees to a New Environment (Publications of the Research Group for European Migration Problems; XIII), The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, →DOI, →OCLC",
          "text": "This fact points to the great sensitivity on the part of these refugees for the autochthon’s opinion and attitude concerning them. […] Diagram 7 which tells us something of the way in which the refugee experiences the relationship between himself and the autochthon, leaves no doubt of the refugees’ feeling of inferiority.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1987, Johan Leman, “The Italian and Sicilian Immigration in Belgium”, in From Challenging Culture to Challenged Culture: The Sicilian Cultural Code and the Socio-cultural Praxis of Sicilian Immigrants in Belgium (Studia Anthropologica), Leuven: Leuven University Press, page 80",
          "text": "One who comes to live in such a district does not separate his life entirely from the autochthon social reality, but the two realities, autochthon and immigrant, are not simple extensions of one another. In fact, there is a socio-cultural barrier behind which the autochthon population seeks protection from the colorful clusters of foreigners around it.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2006, T. David Curp, “Counterrevolution from Above and Abroad: The Delocalization of Politics and the Beginning of Polish Stalinism's Antinational Counterrevolution, 1947–49”, in A Clean Sweep?: The Politics of Ethnic Cleansing in Western Poland, 1945–1960 (Rochester Studies in Central Europe; 7), Rochester, N.Y.: University of Rochester Press, page 85",
          "text": "The autochthons’ defenders had sought to endow them with a special status in Poland, the better to buttress Poland’s claims to the Recovered Territories. In spite of these efforts, the autochthons remained a small but persistent problem for officials and the population at large.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2014, Maurits S. Berger, “The Netherlands”, in Jocelyne Cesari, editor, The Oxford Handbook of European Islam, Oxford: Oxford University Press, page 181",
          "text": "[…] Muslims are more active in municipal and national politics by means of demonstrations, petitions, contacting media, meetings, or other activities. In this respect, the non-Western allochthones (that includes the Muslims) score almost as high as the autochthones, that is 25–30% […] An interesting aspect of this 2002 survey was the enquiry into the motives for which one was willing to undertake political action: if it is the defence of human rights, 51% of autochthones are motivated, 28% of the Turks, and 38% of the Moroccans; if it is the defence of Islam, 59% of the Moroccans will take action, Turks 29%, and autochthones nil (Phalet and van der Wall 2004).",
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        "(formal) The earliest inhabitant of an area; an aborigine."
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          "word": "indiĝeno"
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          "word": "autochtone"
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          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "aftóchthonas",
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          "word": "αυτόχθονας"
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          "roman": "avtoxton",
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          "_dis1": "93 7",
          "code": "ru",
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          "roman": "avtoxtón",
          "sense": "earliest inhabitant",
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        {
          "ref": "1967, E-An Zen, “Introduction”, in Time and Space Relationships of the Taconic Allochthon and Autochthon (Special GSA Papers; no. 97), New York, N.Y.: Geological Society of America, →OCLC, page 6",
          "text": "These rocks are lithically identical with the Normanskill in the allochthon but differ from the correlative Hortonville or Walloomsac Slates […] of the autochthon. […] In the light of Warthin's findings and the absence of evidence to the contrary, the pelitic rocks that geometrically overlie the Cambrian and Ordovician carbonate rocks in the Pine Plains (E10) area (Knopf, 1962) are included in the autochthon.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1994, John A. Grow et al., “Structure of the Békés Basin Inferred from Seismic Reflection, Well and Gravity Data”, in Paul G. Teleki, Robert E. Mattick, János Kókai, editors, Basin Analysis in Petroleum Exploration: A Case Study from the Békés Basin, Hungary, Dordrecht, Boston, Mass.: Kluwer Academic Publishers, →DOI, page 27",
          "text": "The Mesozoic rock units in the Békés-Doboz trough appear to correlate to similar age rock units of the Bihor autochthon in the Apuseni Mountains of Romania rather than to rock units of the Codru nappe system. Rock units of the Bihor autochthon differ from rock units of the Codru nappe system in 3 main aspects: […]",
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      ],
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        "A large mass of rock in the place of its original formation, rooted to its basement (foundation rock) as opposed to an allochthon or nappe which has shifted from the place of formation; an autochthonous rock formation."
      ],
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          "mass",
          "mass"
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          "rock"
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        [
          "formation",
          "formation"
        ],
        [
          "rooted",
          "root#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "basement",
          "basement#English:_geology"
        ],
        [
          "allochthon",
          "allochthon"
        ],
        [
          "nappe",
          "nappe"
        ],
        [
          "shifted",
          "shift#verb"
        ],
        [
          "autochthonous",
          "autochthonous"
        ]
      ],
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        "(geology) A large mass of rock in the place of its original formation, rooted to its basement (foundation rock) as opposed to an allochthon or nappe which has shifted from the place of formation; an autochthonous rock formation."
      ],
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          "_dis1": "4 96",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "geology",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "autochton"
        }
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      "ipa": "/ɔˈtɑkˌθɑn/",
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      "ipa": "/ɑˈtɑkθ(ə)n/",
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      "_dis1": "0 0",
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      "word": "autocthon"
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  "wikipedia": [
    "Aboriginal Australians"
  ],
  "word": "autochthon"
}
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        {
          "ref": "1966, J. Ex, Adjustment after Migration: A Longitudinal Study of the Process of Adjustment by Refugees to a New Environment (Publications of the Research Group for European Migration Problems; XIII), The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, →DOI, →OCLC",
          "text": "This fact points to the great sensitivity on the part of these refugees for the autochthon’s opinion and attitude concerning them. […] Diagram 7 which tells us something of the way in which the refugee experiences the relationship between himself and the autochthon, leaves no doubt of the refugees’ feeling of inferiority.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1987, Johan Leman, “The Italian and Sicilian Immigration in Belgium”, in From Challenging Culture to Challenged Culture: The Sicilian Cultural Code and the Socio-cultural Praxis of Sicilian Immigrants in Belgium (Studia Anthropologica), Leuven: Leuven University Press, page 80",
          "text": "One who comes to live in such a district does not separate his life entirely from the autochthon social reality, but the two realities, autochthon and immigrant, are not simple extensions of one another. In fact, there is a socio-cultural barrier behind which the autochthon population seeks protection from the colorful clusters of foreigners around it.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2006, T. David Curp, “Counterrevolution from Above and Abroad: The Delocalization of Politics and the Beginning of Polish Stalinism's Antinational Counterrevolution, 1947–49”, in A Clean Sweep?: The Politics of Ethnic Cleansing in Western Poland, 1945–1960 (Rochester Studies in Central Europe; 7), Rochester, N.Y.: University of Rochester Press, page 85",
          "text": "The autochthons’ defenders had sought to endow them with a special status in Poland, the better to buttress Poland’s claims to the Recovered Territories. In spite of these efforts, the autochthons remained a small but persistent problem for officials and the population at large.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2014, Maurits S. Berger, “The Netherlands”, in Jocelyne Cesari, editor, The Oxford Handbook of European Islam, Oxford: Oxford University Press, page 181",
          "text": "[…] Muslims are more active in municipal and national politics by means of demonstrations, petitions, contacting media, meetings, or other activities. In this respect, the non-Western allochthones (that includes the Muslims) score almost as high as the autochthones, that is 25–30% […] An interesting aspect of this 2002 survey was the enquiry into the motives for which one was willing to undertake political action: if it is the defence of human rights, 51% of autochthones are motivated, 28% of the Turks, and 38% of the Moroccans; if it is the defence of Islam, 59% of the Moroccans will take action, Turks 29%, and autochthones nil (Phalet and van der Wall 2004).",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The earliest inhabitant of an area; an aborigine."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "earliest",
          "earliest"
        ],
        [
          "inhabitant",
          "inhabitant"
        ],
        [
          "aborigine",
          "aborigine"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(formal) The earliest inhabitant of an area; an aborigine."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Geology"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1967, E-An Zen, “Introduction”, in Time and Space Relationships of the Taconic Allochthon and Autochthon (Special GSA Papers; no. 97), New York, N.Y.: Geological Society of America, →OCLC, page 6",
          "text": "These rocks are lithically identical with the Normanskill in the allochthon but differ from the correlative Hortonville or Walloomsac Slates […] of the autochthon. […] In the light of Warthin's findings and the absence of evidence to the contrary, the pelitic rocks that geometrically overlie the Cambrian and Ordovician carbonate rocks in the Pine Plains (E10) area (Knopf, 1962) are included in the autochthon.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1994, John A. Grow et al., “Structure of the Békés Basin Inferred from Seismic Reflection, Well and Gravity Data”, in Paul G. Teleki, Robert E. Mattick, János Kókai, editors, Basin Analysis in Petroleum Exploration: A Case Study from the Békés Basin, Hungary, Dordrecht, Boston, Mass.: Kluwer Academic Publishers, →DOI, page 27",
          "text": "The Mesozoic rock units in the Békés-Doboz trough appear to correlate to similar age rock units of the Bihor autochthon in the Apuseni Mountains of Romania rather than to rock units of the Codru nappe system. Rock units of the Bihor autochthon differ from rock units of the Codru nappe system in 3 main aspects: […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A large mass of rock in the place of its original formation, rooted to its basement (foundation rock) as opposed to an allochthon or nappe which has shifted from the place of formation; an autochthonous rock formation."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "geology",
          "geology"
        ],
        [
          "mass",
          "mass"
        ],
        [
          "rock",
          "rock"
        ],
        [
          "formation",
          "formation"
        ],
        [
          "rooted",
          "root#Verb"
        ],
        [
          "basement",
          "basement#English:_geology"
        ],
        [
          "allochthon",
          "allochthon"
        ],
        [
          "nappe",
          "nappe"
        ],
        [
          "shifted",
          "shift#verb"
        ],
        [
          "autochthonous",
          "autochthonous"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(geology) A large mass of rock in the place of its original formation, rooted to its basement (foundation rock) as opposed to an allochthon or nappe which has shifted from the place of formation; an autochthonous rock formation."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "geography",
        "geology",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːˈtɒkθ(ə)n/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔːˈtɒkθɒn/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "En-uk-autochthon.oga",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/En-uk-autochthon.oga/En-uk-autochthon.oga.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/En-uk-autochthon.oga"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔˈtɑkθ(ə)n/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔˈtɑkˌθɑn/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɑˈtɑkθ(ə)n/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɑˈtɑkˌθɑn/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "autocthon"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "earliest inhabitant",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "autòcton"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "tǔzhùrén",
      "sense": "earliest inhabitant",
      "word": "土著人"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "yuánzhùmín",
      "sense": "earliest inhabitant",
      "word": "原住民"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "earliest inhabitant",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "autochtoon"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "earliest inhabitant",
      "word": "indiĝeno"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "earliest inhabitant",
      "word": "aŭtoĥtono"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "earliest inhabitant",
      "word": "aŭtoktono"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "earliest inhabitant",
      "word": "alkuasukas"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "earliest inhabitant",
      "word": "autoktoni"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "earliest inhabitant",
      "word": "autochtone"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "aftóchthonas",
      "sense": "earliest inhabitant",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "αυτόχθονας"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "avtoxton",
      "sense": "earliest inhabitant",
      "word": "автохтон"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "avtohton",
      "sense": "earliest inhabitant",
      "word": "автохтон"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "earliest inhabitant",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "autochton"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "earliest inhabitant",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "autochtonka"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "earliest inhabitant",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "autohton"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "avtoxtón",
      "sense": "earliest inhabitant",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "автохто́н"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "earliest inhabitant",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "autóctono"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "geology",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "autochton"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Aboriginal Australians"
  ],
  "word": "autochthon"
}

Download raw JSONL data for autochthon meaning in English (10.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.