See Sotho in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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{
"args": {
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"2": ":der",
"3": "st:-sotho<ety:from<motho>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Atlantic-Congo *-nintuder.?\nProto-Bantu *mʊ̀ntʊ̀\nSotho motho\nSotho -sothoder.\nEnglish Sotho",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "st",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Sotho",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "st",
"3": "-sotho"
},
"expansion": "Sotho -sotho",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "st",
"3": "motho"
},
"expansion": "Sotho motho",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Atlantic-Congo *-nintuder.?\nProto-Bantu *mʊ̀ntʊ̀\nSotho motho\nSotho -sothoder.\nEnglish Sotho\nFrom Sotho, from Sotho -sotho, from Sotho motho.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Sutho",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Suto",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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],
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{
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{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Languages",
"orig": "en:Languages",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "41 38 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A group of closely related Bantu lects spoken in South Africa, Lesotho, Botswana, and Zambia."
],
"id": "en-Sotho-en-name-Fv6rFjh3",
"links": [
[
"Bantu",
"Bantu"
],
[
"lect",
"lect"
],
[
"South Africa",
"South Africa"
],
[
"Lesotho",
"Lesotho"
],
[
"Botswana",
"Botswana"
],
[
"Zambia",
"Zambia"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "74 26",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "group of Bantu lects",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sotho"
},
{
"_dis1": "74 26",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"sense": "group of Bantu lects",
"word": "Kisuthu"
}
]
},
{
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{
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"langcode": "en",
"name": "Languages",
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},
{
"_dis": "28 49 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "25 54 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 61 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 52 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 55 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 57 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 53 16",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 38 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 63 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Chichewa translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 57 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 60 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 62 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 45 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 52 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 61 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 71 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sotho translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 63 16",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 53 11",
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"parents": [],
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}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Northern Sotho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Southern Sotho"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sesotho (“the language”) (Southern Sotho)."
],
"id": "en-Sotho-en-name-IXrvRHiX",
"links": [
[
"Sesotho",
"Sesotho#English"
],
[
"Southern Sotho",
"Southern Sotho#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(specifically) Sesotho (“the language”) (Southern Sotho)."
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Basotho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Lesotho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Mosotho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Sesotho"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"word": "Wiktionary’s coverage of Sotho terms"
}
],
"tags": [
"specifically"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "34 66",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"word": "Suid-Sotho"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 66",
"code": "ny",
"lang": "Chichewa",
"lang_code": "ny",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"word": "Chisutu"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 66",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"word": "sotho"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 66",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sotho du Sud"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 66",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sesotho"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 66",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Sesotho"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 66",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Südliches Sotho"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 66",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Süd-Sotho"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 66",
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "zabân soto",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"word": "زبان سوتو"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 66",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "sesóto",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сесо́то"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 66",
"code": "st",
"lang": "Sotho",
"lang_code": "st",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"word": "Sesotho"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 66",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sesotho"
},
{
"_dis1": "34 66",
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"word": "Kisuthu"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsutu/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-utu"
}
],
"word": "Sotho"
}
{
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{
"args": {
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"2": ":der",
"3": "st:-sotho<ety:from<motho>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Atlantic-Congo *-nintuder.?\nProto-Bantu *mʊ̀ntʊ̀\nSotho motho\nSotho -sothoder.\nEnglish Sotho",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
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},
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{
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"2": "st",
"3": "-sotho"
},
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"name": "der"
},
{
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"1": "en",
"2": "st",
"3": "motho"
},
"expansion": "Sotho motho",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Atlantic-Congo *-nintuder.?\nProto-Bantu *mʊ̀ntʊ̀\nSotho motho\nSotho -sothoder.\nEnglish Sotho\nFrom Sotho, from Sotho -sotho, from Sotho motho.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Sotho",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
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"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Soto",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Suto",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {
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},
"expansion": "Sotho (plural Sotho)",
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}
],
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"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
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{
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},
{
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"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A Mosotho (“person”); a member of the Basotho (“people”)."
],
"id": "en-Sotho-en-noun-2hJ-2wT5",
"links": [
[
"Mosotho",
"Mosotho#English"
],
[
"Basotho",
"Basotho#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsutu/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-utu"
}
],
"word": "Sotho"
}
{
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"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English indeclinable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms derived from Proto-Atlantic-Congo",
"English terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"English terms derived from Sotho",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Rhymes:English/utu",
"Rhymes:English/utu/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Chichewa translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sotho translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Northern Sotho"
},
{
"word": "Southern Sotho"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": ":der",
"3": "st:-sotho<ety:from<motho>>",
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},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Atlantic-Congo *-nintuder.?\nProto-Bantu *mʊ̀ntʊ̀\nSotho motho\nSotho -sothoder.\nEnglish Sotho",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
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"2": "st",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Sotho",
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},
{
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},
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"name": "der"
},
{
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"1": "en",
"2": "st",
"3": "motho"
},
"expansion": "Sotho motho",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Atlantic-Congo *-nintuder.?\nProto-Bantu *mʊ̀ntʊ̀\nSotho motho\nSotho -sothoder.\nEnglish Sotho\nFrom Sotho, from Sotho -sotho, from Sotho motho.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Sutho",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Soto",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Suto",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Sotho",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "Basotho"
},
{
"word": "Lesotho"
},
{
"word": "Mosotho"
},
{
"word": "Sesotho"
},
{
"word": "Wiktionary’s coverage of Sotho terms"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Languages"
],
"glosses": [
"A group of closely related Bantu lects spoken in South Africa, Lesotho, Botswana, and Zambia."
],
"links": [
[
"Bantu",
"Bantu"
],
[
"lect",
"lect"
],
[
"South Africa",
"South Africa"
],
[
"Lesotho",
"Lesotho"
],
[
"Botswana",
"Botswana"
],
[
"Zambia",
"Zambia"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Languages"
],
"glosses": [
"Sesotho (“the language”) (Southern Sotho)."
],
"links": [
[
"Sesotho",
"Sesotho#English"
],
[
"Southern Sotho",
"Southern Sotho#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(specifically) Sesotho (“the language”) (Southern Sotho)."
],
"tags": [
"specifically"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsutu/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-utu"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "group of Bantu lects",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "sotho"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"sense": "group of Bantu lects",
"word": "Kisuthu"
},
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"word": "Suid-Sotho"
},
{
"code": "ny",
"lang": "Chichewa",
"lang_code": "ny",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"word": "Chisutu"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"word": "sotho"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sotho du Sud"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sesotho"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Sesotho"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Südliches Sotho"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Süd-Sotho"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"roman": "zabân soto",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"word": "زبان سوتو"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "sesóto",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "сесо́то"
},
{
"code": "st",
"lang": "Sotho",
"lang_code": "st",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"word": "Sesotho"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sesotho"
},
{
"code": "sw",
"lang": "Swahili",
"lang_code": "sw",
"sense": "Sotho language",
"word": "Kisuthu"
}
],
"word": "Sotho"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English indeclinable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms derived from Proto-Atlantic-Congo",
"English terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
"English terms derived from Sotho",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Rhymes:English/utu",
"Rhymes:English/utu/2 syllables",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Chichewa translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sotho translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swahili translations"
],
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{
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"2": ":der",
"3": "st:-sotho<ety:from<motho>>",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Atlantic-Congo *-nintuder.?\nProto-Bantu *mʊ̀ntʊ̀\nSotho motho\nSotho -sothoder.\nEnglish Sotho",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
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"2": "st",
"3": "-"
},
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"name": "der"
},
{
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},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "st",
"3": "motho"
},
"expansion": "Sotho motho",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Atlantic-Congo *-nintuder.?\nProto-Bantu *mʊ̀ntʊ̀\nSotho motho\nSotho -sothoder.\nEnglish Sotho\nFrom Sotho, from Sotho -sotho, from Sotho motho.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Sotho",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Sutho",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Soto",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "Suto",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "*"
},
"expansion": "Sotho (plural Sotho)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Nationalities"
],
"glosses": [
"A Mosotho (“person”); a member of the Basotho (“people”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Mosotho",
"Mosotho#English"
],
[
"Basotho",
"Basotho#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsutu/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-utu"
}
],
"word": "Sotho"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Sotho meaning in English (6.9kB)
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"Sotho",
"Template:etymon",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymon:main()"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "",
"title": "Sotho",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 157739638<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Fri, 01 May 2026 10:52:32 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"Sotho",
"Template:der",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:derived()"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "",
"title": "Sotho",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 184824345<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Fri, 01 May 2026 10:53:27 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"Sotho",
"Template:der",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:derived()"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "",
"title": "Sotho",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 110369546<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Fri, 01 May 2026 10:54:22 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"Sotho",
"Template:der",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:derived()"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "",
"title": "Sotho",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 187341773<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Fri, 01 May 2026 10:55:18 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"Sotho",
"Template:etymon",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymon:main()"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "",
"title": "Sotho",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 172999120<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Fri, 01 May 2026 10:56:13 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"Sotho",
"Template:der",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:derived()"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "",
"title": "Sotho",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 190876893<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Fri, 01 May 2026 10:57:08 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"Sotho",
"Template:der",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:derived()"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "",
"title": "Sotho",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 188291967<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Fri, 01 May 2026 10:58:03 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"Sotho",
"Template:der",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymology/templates:derived()"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "",
"title": "Sotho",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 181646275<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Fri, 01 May 2026 10:58:58 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-04-01 using wiktextract (4d423fd and 9452535). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.