See Parma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
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"orig": "en:Places in the United States",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 0 20 22 6 18 6 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 2 2 19 21 7 17 7 20 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 1 20 22 6 18 6 21 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 1 18 18 11 17 11 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 1 19 18 10 17 10 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 1 18 18 12 16 12 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Gujarati translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 17 16 15 8 14 8 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 1 19 19 10 17 10 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 3 1 19 18 10 16 10 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 1 18 18 12 16 12 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maltese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 2 17 17 12 16 12 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 1 18 18 12 16 12 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Marathi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 3 1 20 17 11 17 11 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 2 1 19 19 10 17 10 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 1 21 20 8 16 8 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 2 1 18 18 12 16 12 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Telugu translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A number of places in the United States:",
"A city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio."
],
"id": "en-Parma-en-name-2-Fqu1Wa",
"links": [
[
"United States",
"United States#English"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"Cuyahoga County",
"Cuyahoga County#English"
],
[
"Ohio",
"Ohio#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɑɹmə/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)mə"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "39 39 1 3 3 3 3 3 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "Pà'ěrmǎ Shěng",
"sense": "province",
"word": "帕爾馬省 /帕尔马省"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 1 3 3 3 3 3 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "province",
"word": "Parme"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 1 3 3 3 3 3 3",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "province",
"word": "Parma"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 1 3 3 3 3 3 3",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "Paruma",
"sense": "province",
"word": "パルマ"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 1 3 3 3 3 3 3",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"lang_code": "mr",
"roman": "pārmā",
"sense": "province",
"word": "पार्मा"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 1 3 3 3 3 3 3",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Párma",
"sense": "province",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Па́рма"
},
{
"_dis1": "39 39 1 3 3 3 3 3 3",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "province",
"word": "Parma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 22 0 0 23 0 21 12 23",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "Pàěrmǎ",
"sense": "city",
"word": "帕爾馬 /帕尔马"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 22 0 0 23 0 21 12 23",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "city",
"word": "Parme"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 22 0 0 23 0 21 12 23",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "city",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Parma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 22 0 0 23 0 21 12 23",
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"lang_code": "gu",
"roman": "pārmā",
"sense": "city",
"word": "પાર્મા"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 22 0 0 23 0 21 12 23",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "city",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Parma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 22 0 0 23 0 21 12 23",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "Paruma",
"sense": "city",
"word": "パルマ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 22 0 0 23 0 21 12 23",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "city",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Parma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 22 0 0 23 0 21 12 23",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"sense": "city",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Parma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 22 0 0 23 0 21 12 23",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"lang_code": "mr",
"roman": "pārmā",
"sense": "city",
"word": "पार्मा"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 22 0 0 23 0 21 12 23",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "city",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Parma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 22 0 0 23 0 21 12 23",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Párma",
"sense": "city",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Па́рма"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 22 0 0 23 0 21 12 23",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "city",
"word": "Parma"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 22 0 0 23 0 21 12 23",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"lang_code": "te",
"roman": "pārmā",
"sense": "city",
"word": "పార్మా"
}
],
"word": "Parma"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Italian",
"English terms derived from Etruscan",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)mə",
"Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)mə/2 syllables",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Gujarati translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Parma ham"
},
{
"word": "Parma violet"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "Parma"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian Parma",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "Parma"
},
"expansion": "Latin Parma",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ett",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Etruscan",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian Parma, from Latin Parma, from Etruscan.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Parma",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"word": "Parmesan"
},
{
"word": "Parmese"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Places in Emilia-Romagna, Italy",
"en:Places in Italy",
"en:Provinces of Italy"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
288,
293
]
],
"ref": "2017 August 23, Rosemary McClure, “Party like its^([sic]) 1717 on a Danube River cruise celebrating Maria Theresa of Austria”, in Los Angeles Times, Los Angeles, Calif.: Los Angeles Times Communications, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 23 Aug 2017:",
"text": "Waltz into a grand Austrian celebration this fall on the Danube River on an eight-day cruise marking the 300th birthday of Maria Theresa of Austria, whose one-time titles included Holy Roman Empress; Queen of Hungary, Bohemia, Croatia and Slavonia; Archduchess of Austria; and Duchess of Parma.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A province in Emilia-Romagna, Italy."
],
"links": [
[
"province",
"province"
],
[
"Emilia-Romagna",
"Emilia-Romagna#English"
],
[
"Italy",
"Italy#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Cities in Emilia-Romagna, Italy",
"en:Cities in Italy",
"en:Places in Emilia-Romagna, Italy",
"en:Places in Italy"
],
"glosses": [
"A city, the capital of Parma province, Emilia-Romagna."
],
"links": [
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"Emilia-Romagna",
"Emilia-Romagna#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English surnames",
"English surnames from Italian"
],
"glosses": [
"A surname from Italian."
],
"links": [
[
"surname",
"surname"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Places in Colorado, USA",
"en:Places in the United States",
"en:Unincorporated communities in Colorado, USA"
],
"glosses": [
"A number of places in the United States:",
"An unincorporated community in Alamosa County and Rio Grande County, Colorado."
],
"links": [
[
"United States",
"United States#English"
],
[
"unincorporated community",
"unincorporated community"
],
[
"Alamosa County",
"Alamosa County#English"
],
[
"Rio Grande County",
"Rio Grande County#English"
],
[
"Colorado",
"Colorado#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Cities in Idaho, USA",
"en:Cities in the United States",
"en:Places in Idaho, USA",
"en:Places in the United States"
],
"glosses": [
"A number of places in the United States:",
"A city in Canyon County, Idaho."
],
"links": [
[
"United States",
"United States#English"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"Canyon County",
"Canyon County#English"
],
[
"Idaho",
"Idaho#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Places in Michigan, USA",
"en:Places in the United States",
"en:Townships",
"en:Villages in Michigan, USA",
"en:Villages in the United States"
],
"glosses": [
"A number of places in the United States:",
"A township and village in Jackson County, Michigan."
],
"links": [
[
"United States",
"United States#English"
],
[
"township",
"township"
],
[
"village",
"village"
],
[
"Jackson County",
"Jackson County#English"
],
[
"Michigan",
"Michigan#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Cities in Missouri, USA",
"en:Cities in the United States",
"en:Places in Missouri, USA",
"en:Places in the United States"
],
"glosses": [
"A number of places in the United States:",
"A minor city in New Madrid County, Missouri."
],
"links": [
[
"United States",
"United States#English"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"New Madrid County",
"New Madrid County#English"
],
[
"Missouri",
"Missouri#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Places in New York, USA",
"en:Places in the United States",
"en:Towns in New York, USA",
"en:Towns in the United States"
],
"glosses": [
"A number of places in the United States:",
"A town in Monroe County, New York."
],
"links": [
[
"United States",
"United States#English"
],
[
"town",
"town"
],
[
"Monroe County",
"Monroe County#English"
],
[
"New York",
"New York#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Cities in Ohio, USA",
"en:Cities in the United States",
"en:Places in Ohio, USA",
"en:Places in the United States"
],
"glosses": [
"A number of places in the United States:",
"A city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio."
],
"links": [
[
"United States",
"United States#English"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"Cuyahoga County",
"Cuyahoga County#English"
],
[
"Ohio",
"Ohio#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɑɹmə/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)mə"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "Pà'ěrmǎ Shěng",
"sense": "province",
"word": "帕爾馬省 /帕尔马省"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "province",
"word": "Parme"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "province",
"word": "Parma"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "Paruma",
"sense": "province",
"word": "パルマ"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"lang_code": "mr",
"roman": "pārmā",
"sense": "province",
"word": "पार्मा"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Párma",
"sense": "province",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Па́рма"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "province",
"word": "Parma"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"roman": "Pàěrmǎ",
"sense": "city",
"word": "帕爾馬 /帕尔马"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "city",
"word": "Parme"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "city",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Parma"
},
{
"code": "gu",
"lang": "Gujarati",
"lang_code": "gu",
"roman": "pārmā",
"sense": "city",
"word": "પાર્મા"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "city",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Parma"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "Paruma",
"sense": "city",
"word": "パルマ"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"sense": "city",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Parma"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"lang_code": "mt",
"sense": "city",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Parma"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"lang_code": "mr",
"roman": "pārmā",
"sense": "city",
"word": "पार्मा"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "city",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Parma"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"roman": "Párma",
"sense": "city",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Па́рма"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "city",
"word": "Parma"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"lang_code": "te",
"roman": "pārmā",
"sense": "city",
"word": "పార్మా"
}
],
"word": "Parma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Parma meaning in English (7.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.