See Jurchen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for Jurchen meaning in English (8.6kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "juc",
"3": "",
"4": "*jörcen"
},
"expansion": "Jurchen *jörcen",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "竹里真"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese 竹里真 (ʈɨuk̚ lɨ^X t͡ɕiɪn)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "zkt",
"3": "𘲮𘯤𘰭"
},
"expansion": "Khitan 𘲮𘯤𘰭 (*ju rả n)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mnc",
"3": "ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ"
},
"expansion": "Manchu ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ (jurcit)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmg",
"3": "ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ"
},
"expansion": "Classical Mongolian ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ (ǰürčid)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tuw-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a reconstruction of Jurchen *jörcen, attested via Middle Chinese 竹里真 (ʈɨuk̚ lɨ^X t͡ɕiɪn) and Khitan 𘲮𘯤𘰭 (*ju rả n), developed under the influence of Manchu ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ (jurcit) and Classical Mongolian ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ (ǰürčid). Vajda argues for a derivation from a Proto-Tungusic word meaning \"reindeer people\", cognate with the Orochs of Russia's Khabarovsk Province and the Oroks of Sakhalin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Jurchens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Jurchen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "Jurchen"
},
"expansion": "Jurchen (plural Jurchens or Jurchen)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "History of China",
"orig": "en:History of China",
"parents": [
"China",
"History of Asia",
"Asia",
"History",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A member of a medieval and early modern Tungusic people, progenitors of the Manchus."
],
"id": "en-Jurchen-en-noun-PEAnjbo3",
"links": [
[
"medieval",
"medieval"
],
[
"early modern",
"early modern"
],
[
"Tungusic",
"Tungusic"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"progenitor",
"progenitor"
],
[
"Manchu",
"Manchu"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Nurchen"
},
{
"word": "Nuzhen"
},
{
"word": "Nuchen"
},
{
"word": "Nuzhi"
},
{
"word": "Nuchih"
},
{
"english": "inexact",
"word": "Jin"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Eastern Tartars"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Golden Tartars"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Nǚzhēn",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "女真"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "džurtšen"
},
{
"alt": "じょしん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "Joshin",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "女真"
},
{
"code": "juc",
"lang": "Jurchen",
"note": "[script needed] (dʒu-ʃə)",
"sense": "Tungusic people"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "şürşıt",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "шүршіт"
},
{
"alt": "女眞",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yeojin",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "여진"
},
{
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "jušen",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "ᠵᡠᡧᡝᠨ"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "zürčid",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "зүрчид"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "zörčid",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "зөрчид"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "žürčid",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "жүрчид"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dżurdżen"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dżurdżenka"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čžurčžɛ́nʹ",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "чжурчжэ́нь"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čžuličžɛ́nʹ",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "чжуличжэ́нь"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "njujčžɛ́nʹ",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "нюйчжэ́нь"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "njujčží",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "нюйчжи́"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "džurdži"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "jurjit",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "جۇرجىت"
},
{
"alt": "女真",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "Nữ Chân"
}
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Jurched"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Jurchet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"uncommon"
],
"word": "Jurgen"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Jurchen people"
],
"word": "Jurchen"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "juc",
"3": "",
"4": "*jörcen"
},
"expansion": "Jurchen *jörcen",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "竹里真"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese 竹里真 (ʈɨuk̚ lɨ^X t͡ɕiɪn)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "zkt",
"3": "𘲮𘯤𘰭"
},
"expansion": "Khitan 𘲮𘯤𘰭 (*ju rả n)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mnc",
"3": "ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ"
},
"expansion": "Manchu ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ (jurcit)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmg",
"3": "ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ"
},
"expansion": "Classical Mongolian ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ (ǰürčid)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tuw-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a reconstruction of Jurchen *jörcen, attested via Middle Chinese 竹里真 (ʈɨuk̚ lɨ^X t͡ɕiɪn) and Khitan 𘲮𘯤𘰭 (*ju rả n), developed under the influence of Manchu ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ (jurcit) and Classical Mongolian ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ (ǰürčid). Vajda argues for a derivation from a Proto-Tungusic word meaning \"reindeer people\", cognate with the Orochs of Russia's Khabarovsk Province and the Oroks of Sakhalin.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Jurchen",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "57 43",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ethnonyms",
"orig": "en:Ethnonyms",
"parents": [
"Ethnicity",
"Names",
"People",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Extinct languages",
"orig": "en:Extinct languages",
"parents": [
"Languages",
"Language",
"Names",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An extinct Tungusic language (code jur), related to Manchu."
],
"id": "en-Jurchen-en-name-ovgQD-r0",
"links": [
[
"extinct",
"extinct"
],
[
"Tungusic",
"Tungusic"
],
[
"code",
"code"
],
[
"relate",
"relate"
],
[
"Manchu",
"Manchu"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Nurchen"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "language",
"word": "女真語"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Nǚzhēnyǔ",
"sense": "language",
"word": "女真语"
},
{
"alt": "じょしんご",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "joshingo",
"sense": "language",
"word": "女真語"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yeojineo",
"sense": "language",
"word": "여진어"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čžurčžɛnʹskij",
"sense": "language",
"word": "чжурчжэньский"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "language",
"word": "tiếng Nữ Chân"
}
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Jurched"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Jurchet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"uncommon"
],
"word": "Jurgen"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Jurchen language",
"Jurchen people"
],
"word": "Jurchen"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English indeclinable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms derived from Classical Mongolian",
"English terms derived from Jurchen",
"English terms derived from Khitan",
"English terms derived from Manchu",
"English terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"English terms derived from Proto-Tungusic",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Requests for native script for Jurchen terms",
"en:Ethnonyms",
"en:Extinct languages",
"en:History of China"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "juc",
"3": "",
"4": "*jörcen"
},
"expansion": "Jurchen *jörcen",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "竹里真"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese 竹里真 (ʈɨuk̚ lɨ^X t͡ɕiɪn)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "zkt",
"3": "𘲮𘯤𘰭"
},
"expansion": "Khitan 𘲮𘯤𘰭 (*ju rả n)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mnc",
"3": "ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ"
},
"expansion": "Manchu ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ (jurcit)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmg",
"3": "ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ"
},
"expansion": "Classical Mongolian ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ (ǰürčid)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tuw-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a reconstruction of Jurchen *jörcen, attested via Middle Chinese 竹里真 (ʈɨuk̚ lɨ^X t͡ɕiɪn) and Khitan 𘲮𘯤𘰭 (*ju rả n), developed under the influence of Manchu ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ (jurcit) and Classical Mongolian ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ (ǰürčid). Vajda argues for a derivation from a Proto-Tungusic word meaning \"reindeer people\", cognate with the Orochs of Russia's Khabarovsk Province and the Oroks of Sakhalin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Jurchens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Jurchen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "Jurchen"
},
"expansion": "Jurchen (plural Jurchens or Jurchen)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A member of a medieval and early modern Tungusic people, progenitors of the Manchus."
],
"links": [
[
"medieval",
"medieval"
],
[
"early modern",
"early modern"
],
[
"Tungusic",
"Tungusic"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"progenitor",
"progenitor"
],
[
"Manchu",
"Manchu"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Nurchen"
},
{
"word": "Nuzhen"
},
{
"word": "Nuchen"
},
{
"word": "Nuzhi"
},
{
"word": "Nuchih"
},
{
"english": "inexact",
"word": "Jin"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Eastern Tartars"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Golden Tartars"
}
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Jurched"
},
{
"word": "Jurchet"
},
{
"tags": [
"uncommon"
],
"word": "Jurgen"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Nǚzhēn",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "女真"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "džurtšen"
},
{
"alt": "じょしん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "Joshin",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "女真"
},
{
"code": "juc",
"lang": "Jurchen",
"note": "[script needed] (dʒu-ʃə)",
"sense": "Tungusic people"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "şürşıt",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "шүршіт"
},
{
"alt": "女眞",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yeojin",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "여진"
},
{
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "jušen",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "ᠵᡠᡧᡝᠨ"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "zürčid",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "зүрчид"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "zörčid",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "зөрчид"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "žürčid",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "жүрчид"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dżurdżen"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dżurdżenka"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čžurčžɛ́nʹ",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "чжурчжэ́нь"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čžuličžɛ́nʹ",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "чжуличжэ́нь"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "njujčžɛ́nʹ",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "нюйчжэ́нь"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "njujčží",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "нюйчжи́"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "džurdži"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "jurjit",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "جۇرجىت"
},
{
"alt": "女真",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "Nữ Chân"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Jurchen people"
],
"word": "Jurchen"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English indeclinable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms derived from Classical Mongolian",
"English terms derived from Jurchen",
"English terms derived from Khitan",
"English terms derived from Manchu",
"English terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"English terms derived from Proto-Tungusic",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Requests for native script for Jurchen terms",
"en:Ethnonyms",
"en:Extinct languages",
"en:History of China"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "juc",
"3": "",
"4": "*jörcen"
},
"expansion": "Jurchen *jörcen",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "竹里真"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese 竹里真 (ʈɨuk̚ lɨ^X t͡ɕiɪn)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "zkt",
"3": "𘲮𘯤𘰭"
},
"expansion": "Khitan 𘲮𘯤𘰭 (*ju rả n)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mnc",
"3": "ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ"
},
"expansion": "Manchu ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ (jurcit)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmg",
"3": "ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ"
},
"expansion": "Classical Mongolian ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ (ǰürčid)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tuw-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a reconstruction of Jurchen *jörcen, attested via Middle Chinese 竹里真 (ʈɨuk̚ lɨ^X t͡ɕiɪn) and Khitan 𘲮𘯤𘰭 (*ju rả n), developed under the influence of Manchu ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ (jurcit) and Classical Mongolian ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ (ǰürčid). Vajda argues for a derivation from a Proto-Tungusic word meaning \"reindeer people\", cognate with the Orochs of Russia's Khabarovsk Province and the Oroks of Sakhalin.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Jurchen",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An extinct Tungusic language (code jur), related to Manchu."
],
"links": [
[
"extinct",
"extinct"
],
[
"Tungusic",
"Tungusic"
],
[
"code",
"code"
],
[
"relate",
"relate"
],
[
"Manchu",
"Manchu"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Nurchen"
}
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Jurched"
},
{
"word": "Jurchet"
},
{
"tags": [
"uncommon"
],
"word": "Jurgen"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "language",
"word": "女真語"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Nǚzhēnyǔ",
"sense": "language",
"word": "女真语"
},
{
"alt": "じょしんご",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "joshingo",
"sense": "language",
"word": "女真語"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yeojineo",
"sense": "language",
"word": "여진어"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čžurčžɛnʹskij",
"sense": "language",
"word": "чжурчжэньский"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "language",
"word": "tiếng Nữ Chân"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Jurchen language",
"Jurchen people"
],
"word": "Jurchen"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (0b52755 and 5cb0836). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.