See Jurchen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "juc",
"3": "",
"4": "*jörcen"
},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "竹里真"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese 竹里真 (ʈɨuk̚ lɨ^X t͡ɕiɪn)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "zkt",
"3": "𘲮𘯤𘰭"
},
"expansion": "Khitan 𘲮𘯤𘰭 (*ju rả n)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mnc",
"3": "ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ"
},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmg",
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},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tuw-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a reconstruction of Jurchen *jörcen, attested via Middle Chinese 竹里真 (ʈɨuk̚ lɨ^X t͡ɕiɪn) and Khitan 𘲮𘯤𘰭 (*ju rả n), developed under the influence of Manchu ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ (jurcit) and Classical Mongolian ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ (ǰürčid). Vajda argues for a derivation from a Proto-Tungusic word meaning \"reindeer people\", cognate with the Orochs of Russia's Khabarovsk Province and the Oroks of Sakhalin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Jurchens",
"tags": [
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},
{
"form": "Jurchen",
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"plural"
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}
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"lang_code": "en",
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{
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{
"_dis": "45 55",
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "21 79",
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{
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},
{
"_dis": "30 70",
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},
{
"_dis": "30 70",
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},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
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},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
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"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "49 51",
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},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
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},
{
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},
{
"_dis": "30 70",
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"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uyghur translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Ethnonyms",
"orig": "en:Ethnonyms",
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"Terms by semantic function",
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"Lemmas"
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{
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"Asia",
"History",
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"Eurasia",
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],
"glosses": [
"A member of a medieval and early modern Tungusic people, progenitors of the Manchus."
],
"id": "en-Jurchen-en-noun-PEAnjbo3",
"links": [
[
"medieval",
"medieval"
],
[
"early modern",
"early modern"
],
[
"Tungusic",
"Tungusic"
],
[
"people",
"people"
],
[
"progenitor",
"progenitor"
],
[
"Manchu",
"Manchu"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Nurchen"
},
{
"word": "Nuzhen"
},
{
"word": "Nuchen"
},
{
"word": "Nuzhi"
},
{
"word": "Nuchih"
},
{
"english": "inexact",
"word": "Jin"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Eastern Tartars"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Golden Tartars"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Nǚzhēn",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "女真"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "džurtšen"
},
{
"alt": "じょしん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "Joshin",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "女真"
},
{
"code": "juc",
"lang": "Jurchen",
"note": "[script needed] (dʒu-ʃə)",
"sense": "Tungusic people"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "şürşıt",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "шүршіт"
},
{
"alt": "女眞",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yeojin",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "여진"
},
{
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "jušen",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "ᠵᡠᡧᡝᠨ"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "zürčid",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "зүрчид"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "zörčid",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "зөрчид"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "žürčid",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "жүрчид"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dżurdżen"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dżurdżenka"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čžurčžɛ́nʹ",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "чжурчжэ́нь"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čžuličžɛ́nʹ",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "чжуличжэ́нь"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "njujčžɛ́nʹ",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "нюйчжэ́нь"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "njujčží",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "нюйчжи́"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "džurdži"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "jurjit",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "جۇرجىت"
},
{
"alt": "女真",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "Nữ Chân"
}
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Jurched"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Jurchet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"uncommon"
],
"word": "Jurgen"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Jurchen people"
],
"word": "Jurchen"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"3": "",
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{
"args": {
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{
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"1": "en",
"2": "tuw-pro",
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},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic",
"name": "der"
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],
"etymology_text": "From a reconstruction of Jurchen *jörcen, attested via Middle Chinese 竹里真 (ʈɨuk̚ lɨ^X t͡ɕiɪn) and Khitan 𘲮𘯤𘰭 (*ju rả n), developed under the influence of Manchu ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ (jurcit) and Classical Mongolian ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ (ǰürčid). Vajda argues for a derivation from a Proto-Tungusic word meaning \"reindeer people\", cognate with the Orochs of Russia's Khabarovsk Province and the Oroks of Sakhalin.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Jurchen",
"name": "en-proper noun"
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
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},
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{
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},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
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},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
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},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
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{
"_dis": "50 50",
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},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ethnonyms",
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"parents": [
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"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
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"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
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"Terms by semantic function",
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"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An extinct Tungusic language (code jur), related to Manchu."
],
"id": "en-Jurchen-en-name-ovgQD-r0",
"links": [
[
"extinct",
"extinct"
],
[
"Tungusic",
"Tungusic"
],
[
"code",
"code"
],
[
"relate",
"relate"
],
[
"Manchu",
"Manchu"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Nurchen"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "language",
"word": "女真語"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Nǚzhēnyǔ",
"sense": "language",
"word": "女真语"
},
{
"alt": "じょしんご",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "joshingo",
"sense": "language",
"word": "女真語"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yeojineo",
"sense": "language",
"word": "여진어"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čžurčžɛnʹskij",
"sense": "language",
"word": "чжурчжэньский"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "language",
"word": "tiếng Nữ Chân"
}
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Jurched"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Jurchet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"uncommon"
],
"word": "Jurgen"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Jurchen language",
"Jurchen people"
],
"word": "Jurchen"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English indeclinable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms derived from Classical Mongolian",
"English terms derived from Jurchen",
"English terms derived from Khitan",
"English terms derived from Manchu",
"English terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"English terms derived from Proto-Tungusic",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Jurchen terms",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Jurchen translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Manchu translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Ethnonyms",
"en:Extinct languages",
"en:History of China"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"3": "",
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "竹里真"
},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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{
"args": {
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},
{
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},
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tuw-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a reconstruction of Jurchen *jörcen, attested via Middle Chinese 竹里真 (ʈɨuk̚ lɨ^X t͡ɕiɪn) and Khitan 𘲮𘯤𘰭 (*ju rả n), developed under the influence of Manchu ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ (jurcit) and Classical Mongolian ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ (ǰürčid). Vajda argues for a derivation from a Proto-Tungusic word meaning \"reindeer people\", cognate with the Orochs of Russia's Khabarovsk Province and the Oroks of Sakhalin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Jurchens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Jurchen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "Jurchen"
},
"expansion": "Jurchen (plural Jurchens or Jurchen)",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A member of a medieval and early modern Tungusic people, progenitors of the Manchus."
],
"links": [
[
"medieval",
"medieval"
],
[
"early modern",
"early modern"
],
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[
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],
[
"progenitor",
"progenitor"
],
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"Manchu",
"Manchu"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Nurchen"
},
{
"word": "Nuzhen"
},
{
"word": "Nuchen"
},
{
"word": "Nuzhi"
},
{
"word": "Nuchih"
},
{
"english": "inexact",
"word": "Jin"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Eastern Tartars"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "Golden Tartars"
}
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Jurched"
},
{
"word": "Jurchet"
},
{
"tags": [
"uncommon"
],
"word": "Jurgen"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Nǚzhēn",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "女真"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "džurtšen"
},
{
"alt": "じょしん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "Joshin",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "女真"
},
{
"code": "juc",
"lang": "Jurchen",
"note": "[script needed] (dʒu-ʃə)",
"sense": "Tungusic people"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "şürşıt",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "шүршіт"
},
{
"alt": "女眞",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yeojin",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "여진"
},
{
"code": "mnc",
"lang": "Manchu",
"roman": "jušen",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "ᠵᡠᡧᡝᠨ"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "zürčid",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "зүрчид"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "zörčid",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "зөрчид"
},
{
"code": "mn",
"lang": "Mongolian",
"roman": "žürčid",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "жүрчид"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dżurdżen"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "dżurdżenka"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čžurčžɛ́nʹ",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "чжурчжэ́нь"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čžuličžɛ́nʹ",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "чжуличжэ́нь"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "njujčžɛ́nʹ",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "нюйчжэ́нь"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "njujčží",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "нюйчжи́"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "džurdži"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "jurjit",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "جۇرجىت"
},
{
"alt": "女真",
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "Tungusic people",
"word": "Nữ Chân"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Jurchen people"
],
"word": "Jurchen"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English indeclinable nouns",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms derived from Classical Mongolian",
"English terms derived from Jurchen",
"English terms derived from Khitan",
"English terms derived from Manchu",
"English terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"English terms derived from Proto-Tungusic",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for native script for Jurchen terms",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Jurchen translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Manchu translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Mongolian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"en:Ethnonyms",
"en:Extinct languages",
"en:History of China"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "juc",
"3": "",
"4": "*jörcen"
},
"expansion": "Jurchen *jörcen",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "竹里真"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese 竹里真 (ʈɨuk̚ lɨ^X t͡ɕiɪn)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "zkt",
"3": "𘲮𘯤𘰭"
},
"expansion": "Khitan 𘲮𘯤𘰭 (*ju rả n)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "mnc",
"3": "ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ"
},
"expansion": "Manchu ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ (jurcit)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cmg",
"3": "ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ"
},
"expansion": "Classical Mongolian ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ (ǰürčid)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tuw-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a reconstruction of Jurchen *jörcen, attested via Middle Chinese 竹里真 (ʈɨuk̚ lɨ^X t͡ɕiɪn) and Khitan 𘲮𘯤𘰭 (*ju rả n), developed under the influence of Manchu ᠵᡠᡵᠴᡳᡨ (jurcit) and Classical Mongolian ᠵᠦᠷᠴᠢᠳ (ǰürčid). Vajda argues for a derivation from a Proto-Tungusic word meaning \"reindeer people\", cognate with the Orochs of Russia's Khabarovsk Province and the Oroks of Sakhalin.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Jurchen",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An extinct Tungusic language (code jur), related to Manchu."
],
"links": [
[
"extinct",
"extinct"
],
[
"Tungusic",
"Tungusic"
],
[
"code",
"code"
],
[
"relate",
"relate"
],
[
"Manchu",
"Manchu"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Nurchen"
}
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Jurched"
},
{
"word": "Jurchet"
},
{
"tags": [
"uncommon"
],
"word": "Jurgen"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "language",
"word": "女真語"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Nǚzhēnyǔ",
"sense": "language",
"word": "女真语"
},
{
"alt": "じょしんご",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "joshingo",
"sense": "language",
"word": "女真語"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "yeojineo",
"sense": "language",
"word": "여진어"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "čžurčžɛnʹskij",
"sense": "language",
"word": "чжурчжэньский"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "language",
"word": "tiếng Nữ Chân"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Jurchen language",
"Jurchen people"
],
"word": "Jurchen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Jurchen meaning in English (9.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.