"Brownian ratchet" meaning in English

{
  "etymology_text": "In reference to Brownian motion.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Brownian ratchets",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Brownian ratchet (plural Brownian ratchets)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
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          "source": "w"
        },
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          "source": "w"
        },
        {
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          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Physics",
          "orig": "en:Physics",
          "parents": [
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An apparent perpetual motion machine, the subject of a thought experiment, that would consist of a tiny paddle wheel and a ratchet, and might seem to be able to extract useful work from random fluctuations (heat) in a system at thermal equilibrium, in violation of the second law of thermodynamics."
      ],
      "id": "en-Brownian_ratchet-en-noun-COlZuxFV",
      "links": [
        [
          "physics",
          "physics"
        ],
        [
          "perpetual motion",
          "perpetual motion"
        ],
        [
          "thought experiment",
          "thought experiment"
        ],
        [
          "work",
          "work"
        ],
        [
          "thermal",
          "thermal"
        ],
        [
          "equilibrium",
          "equilibrium"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(physics) An apparent perpetual motion machine, the subject of a thought experiment, that would consist of a tiny paddle wheel and a ratchet, and might seem to be able to extract useful work from random fluctuations (heat) in a system at thermal equilibrium, in violation of the second law of thermodynamics."
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "Maxwell's demon"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "Feynman-Smoluchowski ratchet"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "physics"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brownian ratchet"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "Brownian ratchet"
}

{
  "etymology_text": "In reference to Brownian motion.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Brownian ratchets",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Brownian ratchet (plural Brownian ratchets)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "Maxwell's demon"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
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        "English multiword terms",
        "English nouns",
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        "Pages with entries",
        "en:Physics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An apparent perpetual motion machine, the subject of a thought experiment, that would consist of a tiny paddle wheel and a ratchet, and might seem to be able to extract useful work from random fluctuations (heat) in a system at thermal equilibrium, in violation of the second law of thermodynamics."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "physics",
          "physics"
        ],
        [
          "perpetual motion",
          "perpetual motion"
        ],
        [
          "thought experiment",
          "thought experiment"
        ],
        [
          "work",
          "work"
        ],
        [
          "thermal",
          "thermal"
        ],
        [
          "equilibrium",
          "equilibrium"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(physics) An apparent perpetual motion machine, the subject of a thought experiment, that would consist of a tiny paddle wheel and a ratchet, and might seem to be able to extract useful work from random fluctuations (heat) in a system at thermal equilibrium, in violation of the second law of thermodynamics."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "Feynman-Smoluchowski ratchet"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "physics"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brownian ratchet"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "Brownian ratchet"
}