"Baldwin" meaning in English

See Baldwin in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Proper name

IPA: /ˈbɔːldwɪn/ Forms: Baldwins [plural]
Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *Balþawini, from Proto-Germanic *Balþawiniz (“bold friend”). Etymology templates: {{der|en|gmw-pro|*Balþawini}} Proto-West Germanic *Balþawini, {{der|en|gem-pro|*Balþawiniz||bold friend}} Proto-Germanic *Balþawiniz (“bold friend”) Head templates: {{en-proper noun|~|Baldwins}} Baldwin (countable and uncountable, plural Baldwins)
  1. (countable) A male given name from the Germanic languages; rather rare in English. Tags: countable Categories (topical): English given names, English male given names Translations (given name): Բալդուին (Balduin) (Armenian), বল্ডউইন (bolḍouin) (Bengali), Балдуи́н (Balduín) [masculine] (Bulgarian), 鮑德溫 (Chinese Mandarin), 鲍德温 (Bàodéwēn) (Chinese Mandarin), Boudewijn [masculine] (Dutch), Baldueno (Esperanto), Baldwin (note: of English-speakers) (Finnish), Baudouin [masculine] (French), Baldovino [masculine] (Galician), Balduíno [masculine] (Galician), Balduin [masculine] (German), Βαλδουίνος (Valdouínos) [masculine] (Greek), Baldovino [masculine] (Italian), Balduīnus [masculine] (Latin), Պաղտին (Paġtin) (Middle Armenian), Valdivino [masculine] (Portuguese), Balduino [masculine] (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-Baldwin-en-name-moP-IxwG Disambiguation of 'given name': 59 4 2 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 2 2 3
  2. (countable) A surname originating as a patronymic. Tags: countable
    Sense id: en-Baldwin-en-name-Xs1vzbdd Categories (other): English surnames
  3. (uncountable) Stanley Baldwin, British Prime Minister. Tags: uncountable Categories (topical): Individuals Categories (lifeform): Apple cultivars Derived forms: Baldwin County, Baldwinian, Baldwin's Gate
    Sense id: en-Baldwin-en-name-wfC1tPh6 Disambiguation of Individuals: 3 2 13 5 3 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 2 Disambiguation of Apple cultivars: 5 2 6 2 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 3 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 7 2 8 3 4 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 4 Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 5 1 18 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 2
  4. (uncountable) King Baldwin IV, ruler of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem before the takeover of Saladin in 1187. He died in 1185 of complications of the socially unacceptable disease of leprosy. Also known as the leper king. Tags: uncountable
    Sense id: en-Baldwin-en-name-03wIGAq0
  5. A placename
    A township in Ontario, Canada.     Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (place): Places in Canada, Places in Ontario, Townships
    Sense id: en-Baldwin-en-name-85BL3rje
  6. A placename
    A locality in the United States:
    A town in Duval County, Florida.     Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (place): Places in Florida, USA, Places in the United States, Towns in Florida, USA, Towns in the United States, Villages in the United States Categories (lifeform): Apple cultivars
    Sense id: en-Baldwin-en-name-aGq0Sgpq Disambiguation of Apple cultivars: 5 2 6 2 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 3
  7. A placename
    A locality in the United States:
    A city in Georgia.     Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (place): Cities in Georgia, USA, Cities in the United States, Places in Georgia, USA, Places in the United States, Villages in the United States Categories (lifeform): Apple cultivars
    Sense id: en-Baldwin-en-name-CiLPO79b Disambiguation of Apple cultivars: 5 2 6 2 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 3
  8. A placename
    A locality in the United States:
    A village in Illinois.     Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (place): Places in Illinois, USA, Places in the United States, Villages in Illinois, USA, Villages in the United States Categories (lifeform): Apple cultivars
    Sense id: en-Baldwin-en-name-AEKZQJTn Disambiguation of Apple cultivars: 5 2 6 2 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 3
  9. A placename
    A locality in the United States:
    A city in Iowa.     Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (place): Cities in Iowa, USA, Cities in the United States, Places in Iowa, USA, Places in the United States, Villages in the United States Categories (lifeform): Apple cultivars
    Sense id: en-Baldwin-en-name-HOgGLekC Disambiguation of Apple cultivars: 5 2 6 2 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 3
  10. A placename
    A locality in the United States:
    A town in Louisiana.     Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (place): Places in Louisiana, USA, Places in the United States, Towns in Louisiana, USA, Towns in the United States, Villages in the United States Categories (lifeform): Apple cultivars
    Sense id: en-Baldwin-en-name-LP446aAD Disambiguation of Apple cultivars: 5 2 6 2 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 3
  11. A placename
    A locality in the United States:
    A town in Maine.     Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (place): Places in Maine, USA, Places in the United States, Towns in Maine, USA, Towns in the United States, Villages in the United States Categories (lifeform): Apple cultivars
    Sense id: en-Baldwin-en-name-87UuDrWa Disambiguation of Apple cultivars: 5 2 6 2 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 3
  12. A placename
    A locality in the United States:
    An unincorporated community in Baltimore County, Maryland.     Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (place): Places in Maryland, USA, Places in the United States, Unincorporated communities in Maryland, USA, Unincorporated communities in the United States, Villages in the United States Categories (lifeform): Apple cultivars
    Sense id: en-Baldwin-en-name-mSlgIvQv Disambiguation of Apple cultivars: 5 2 6 2 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 3
  13. A placename
    A locality in the United States:
    A village, the county seat of Lake County, Michigan.     Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (place): Places in Michigan, USA, Places in the United States, Villages in Michigan, USA, Villages in the United States Categories (lifeform): Apple cultivars
    Sense id: en-Baldwin-en-name-EhRzcgcp Disambiguation of Apple cultivars: 5 2 6 2 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 3 Categories (other): County seats of Michigan, USA
  14. A placename
    A locality in the United States:
    An unincorporated community in Burleigh County, North Dakota.     Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (place): Places in North Dakota, USA, Places in the United States, Unincorporated communities in North Dakota, USA, Unincorporated communities in the United States, Villages in the United States Categories (lifeform): Apple cultivars
    Sense id: en-Baldwin-en-name-10famGyB Disambiguation of Apple cultivars: 5 2 6 2 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 3
  15. A placename
    A locality in the United States:
    A town and hamlet in New York.     Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (place): Places in New York, USA, Places in the United States, Towns in New York, USA, Towns in the United States, Villages in New York, USA, Villages in the United States Categories (lifeform): Apple cultivars
    Sense id: en-Baldwin-en-name-UyTR~e9l Disambiguation of Apple cultivars: 5 2 6 2 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 3
  16. A placename
    A locality in the United States:
    A borough of Pennsylvania.     Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (place): Boroughs in Pennsylvania, USA, Places in Pennsylvania, USA, Places in the United States, Villages in the United States Categories (lifeform): Apple cultivars
    Sense id: en-Baldwin-en-name-xdTn8l3k Disambiguation of Apple cultivars: 5 2 6 2 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 3
  17. A placename
    A locality in the United States:
    A town and village in Wisconsin.     Tags: countable, uncountable Categories (place): Places in Wisconsin, USA, Places in the United States, Towns in Wisconsin, USA, Towns in the United States, Villages in Wisconsin, USA, Villages in the United States Categories (lifeform): Apple cultivars
    Sense id: en-Baldwin-en-name-AMzMjyB~ Disambiguation of Apple cultivars: 5 2 6 2 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 3
  18. A placename
    Ellipsis of Baldwin County.     Tags: abbreviation, alt-of, countable, ellipsis, uncountable Alternative form of: Baldwin County
    Sense id: en-Baldwin-en-name-83FW0svd

Noun

IPA: /ˈbɔːldwɪn/ Forms: Baldwins [plural]
Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *Balþawini, from Proto-Germanic *Balþawiniz (“bold friend”). Etymology templates: {{der|en|gmw-pro|*Balþawini}} Proto-West Germanic *Balþawini, {{der|en|gem-pro|*Balþawiniz||bold friend}} Proto-Germanic *Balþawiniz (“bold friend”) Head templates: {{en-noun}} Baldwin (plural Baldwins)
  1. (US) A reddish, moderately acid, winter apple. Tags: US Related terms: Baldwyn
    Sense id: en-Baldwin-en-noun-M9ykUC1x Categories (other): American English

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for Baldwin meaning in English (33.7kB)

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  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *Balþawini, from Proto-Germanic *Balþawiniz (“bold friend”).",
  "forms": [
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      "form": "Baldwins",
      "tags": [
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  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
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        "(countable) A male given name from the Germanic languages; rather rare in English."
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      "tags": [
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        {
          "_dis1": "59 4 2 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 2 2 3",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "Balduin",
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          "sense": "given name",
          "word": "বল্ডউইন"
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          "_dis1": "59 4 2 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 2 2 3",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
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          "code": "cmn",
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          "_dis1": "59 4 2 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 2 2 3",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "given name",
          "tags": [
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          "word": "Boudewijn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "59 4 2 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 2 2 3",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "given name",
          "word": "Baldueno"
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        {
          "_dis1": "59 4 2 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 2 2 3",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "note": "of English-speakers",
          "sense": "given name",
          "word": "Baldwin"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "59 4 2 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 2 2 3",
          "code": "fr",
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          "_dis1": "59 4 2 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 2 2 3",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "given name",
          "tags": [
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          ],
          "word": "Baldovino"
        },
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          "_dis1": "59 4 2 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 2 2 3",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "given name",
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          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
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          "tags": [
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          "word": "Balduin"
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          "_dis1": "59 4 2 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 2 2 3",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "Valdouínos",
          "sense": "given name",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Βαλδουίνος"
        },
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          "_dis1": "59 4 2 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 2 2 3",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "given name",
          "tags": [
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          ],
          "word": "Baldovino"
        },
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          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "given name",
          "tags": [
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          ],
          "word": "Balduīnus"
        },
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          "_dis1": "59 4 2 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 2 2 3",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "given name",
          "tags": [
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          "word": "Valdivino"
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          "code": "es",
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      "tags": [
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    },
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      "categories": [
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          "_dis": "7 2 8 3 4 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 4",
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          "_dis": "5 2 6 2 2 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 3",
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          "word": "Baldwin County"
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          "word": "Baldwin's Gate"
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      "glosses": [
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        "(uncountable) Stanley Baldwin, British Prime Minister."
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      "glosses": [
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        "A locality in the United States:",
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        [
          "Iowa",
          "Iowa#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Places in Louisiana, USA",
        "en:Places in the United States",
        "en:Towns in Louisiana, USA",
        "en:Towns in the United States",
        "en:Villages in the United States"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A placename",
        "A locality in the United States:",
        "A town in Louisiana."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "placename",
          "placename"
        ],
        [
          "United States",
          "United States#English"
        ],
        [
          "Louisiana",
          "Louisiana#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Places in Maine, USA",
        "en:Places in the United States",
        "en:Towns in Maine, USA",
        "en:Towns in the United States",
        "en:Villages in the United States"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A placename",
        "A locality in the United States:",
        "A town in Maine."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "placename",
          "placename"
        ],
        [
          "United States",
          "United States#English"
        ],
        [
          "Maine",
          "Maine#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Places in Maryland, USA",
        "en:Places in the United States",
        "en:Unincorporated communities in Maryland, USA",
        "en:Unincorporated communities in the United States",
        "en:Villages in the United States"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A placename",
        "A locality in the United States:",
        "An unincorporated community in Baltimore County, Maryland."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "placename",
          "placename"
        ],
        [
          "United States",
          "United States#English"
        ],
        [
          "unincorporated",
          "unincorporated"
        ],
        [
          "community",
          "community"
        ],
        [
          "Baltimore County",
          "Baltimore County#English"
        ],
        [
          "Maryland",
          "Maryland#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:County seats of Michigan, USA",
        "en:Places in Michigan, USA",
        "en:Places in the United States",
        "en:Villages in Michigan, USA",
        "en:Villages in the United States"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A placename",
        "A locality in the United States:",
        "A village, the county seat of Lake County, Michigan."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "placename",
          "placename"
        ],
        [
          "United States",
          "United States#English"
        ],
        [
          "county seat",
          "county seat"
        ],
        [
          "Lake County",
          "Lake County#English"
        ],
        [
          "Michigan",
          "Michigan#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Places in North Dakota, USA",
        "en:Places in the United States",
        "en:Unincorporated communities in North Dakota, USA",
        "en:Unincorporated communities in the United States",
        "en:Villages in the United States"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A placename",
        "A locality in the United States:",
        "An unincorporated community in Burleigh County, North Dakota."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "placename",
          "placename"
        ],
        [
          "United States",
          "United States#English"
        ],
        [
          "unincorporated",
          "unincorporated"
        ],
        [
          "community",
          "community"
        ],
        [
          "Burleigh County",
          "Burleigh County#English"
        ],
        [
          "North Dakota",
          "North Dakota#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Places in New York, USA",
        "en:Places in the United States",
        "en:Towns in New York, USA",
        "en:Towns in the United States",
        "en:Villages in New York, USA",
        "en:Villages in the United States"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A placename",
        "A locality in the United States:",
        "A town and hamlet in New York."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "placename",
          "placename"
        ],
        [
          "United States",
          "United States#English"
        ],
        [
          "hamlet",
          "hamlet"
        ],
        [
          "New York",
          "New York#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Boroughs in Pennsylvania, USA",
        "en:Places in Pennsylvania, USA",
        "en:Places in the United States",
        "en:Villages in the United States"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A placename",
        "A locality in the United States:",
        "A borough of Pennsylvania."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "placename",
          "placename"
        ],
        [
          "United States",
          "United States#English"
        ],
        [
          "borough",
          "borough"
        ],
        [
          "Pennsylvania",
          "Pennsylvania#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Places in Wisconsin, USA",
        "en:Places in the United States",
        "en:Towns in Wisconsin, USA",
        "en:Towns in the United States",
        "en:Villages in Wisconsin, USA",
        "en:Villages in the United States"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A placename",
        "A locality in the United States:",
        "A town and village in Wisconsin."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "placename",
          "placename"
        ],
        [
          "United States",
          "United States#English"
        ],
        [
          "Wisconsin",
          "Wisconsin#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "Baldwin County"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English ellipses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A placename",
        "Ellipsis of Baldwin County."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "placename",
          "placename"
        ],
        [
          "Baldwin County",
          "Baldwin County#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "countable",
        "ellipsis",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɔːldwɪn/"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "Balduin",
      "sense": "given name",
      "word": "Բալդուին"
    },
    {
      "code": "axm",
      "lang": "Middle Armenian",
      "roman": "Paġtin",
      "sense": "given name",
      "word": "Պաղտին"
    },
    {
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "bolḍouin",
      "sense": "given name",
      "word": "বল্ডউইন"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "Balduín",
      "sense": "given name",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Балдуи́н"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "given name",
      "word": "鮑德溫"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "Bàodéwēn",
      "sense": "given name",
      "word": "鲍德温"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "given name",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Boudewijn"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "given name",
      "word": "Baldueno"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "note": "of English-speakers",
      "sense": "given name",
      "word": "Baldwin"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "given name",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Baudouin"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "given name",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Baldovino"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "given name",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Balduíno"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "given name",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Balduin"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "Valdouínos",
      "sense": "given name",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Βαλδουίνος"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "given name",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Baldovino"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "given name",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Balduīnus"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "given name",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Valdivino"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "given name",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Balduino"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Baldwin"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English proper nouns",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "en:Apple cultivars",
    "en:Individuals"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*Balþawini"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *Balþawini",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*Balþawiniz",
        "4": "",
        "5": "bold friend"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *Balþawiniz (“bold friend”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *Balþawini, from Proto-Germanic *Balþawiniz (“bold friend”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "Baldwins",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Baldwin (plural Baldwins)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "Baldwyn"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "American English"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A reddish, moderately acid, winter apple."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "acid",
          "acid"
        ],
        [
          "winter",
          "winter"
        ],
        [
          "apple",
          "apple"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(US) A reddish, moderately acid, winter apple."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɔːldwɪn/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Baldwin"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-01 using wiktextract (0b52755 and 5cb0836). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.