"Ahriman" meaning in English

See Ahriman in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Proper name

Etymology: Derived from Classical Persian اَهْریمَن (ahrēman) or Iranian Persian اَهْریمَن (ahriman), from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭧𐭫𐭬𐭭𐭩 (ʾḥlmny /⁠ahreman⁠/), from Avestan 𐬀𐬢𐬭𐬀⸱𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎 (aŋra.maⁱniiu), compound of 𐬀𐬢𐬭𐬀 (aŋra, “destruction, destructive”) and 𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎 (maⁱniiu, “spirit, mind, essence, emanation etc.”). Definable through the antithetical 𐬀𐬨𐬆𐬱𐬀⸱𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎 (aməša.maⁱniiu, “bounteous spirit”). Doublet of Angra Mainyu. Etymology templates: {{glossary|derived terms|Derived}} Derived, {{der|en|fa-cls|اَهْریمَن|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Classical Persian اَهْریمَن (ahrēman), {{der+|en|fa-cls|اَهْریمَن}} Derived from Classical Persian اَهْریمَن (ahrēman), {{der|en|fa-ira|اَهْریمَن}} Iranian Persian اَهْریمَن (ahriman), {{der|en|pal|𐭠𐭧𐭫𐭬𐭭𐭩|sc=Phli|ts=ahreman}} Middle Persian 𐭠𐭧𐭫𐭬𐭭𐭩 (ʾḥlmny /⁠ahreman⁠/), {{der|en|ae|𐬀𐬢𐬭𐬀⸱𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎}} Avestan 𐬀𐬢𐬭𐬀⸱𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎 (aŋra.maⁱniiu), {{m|ae|𐬀𐬢𐬭𐬀||destruction, destructive}} 𐬀𐬢𐬭𐬀 (aŋra, “destruction, destructive”), {{m|ae|𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎||spirit, mind, essence, emanation etc.}} 𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎 (maⁱniiu, “spirit, mind, essence, emanation etc.”), {{m|ae|𐬀𐬨𐬆𐬱𐬀⸱𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎||bounteous spirit}} 𐬀𐬨𐬆𐬱𐬀⸱𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎 (aməša.maⁱniiu, “bounteous spirit”), {{doublet|en|Angra Mainyu}} Doublet of Angra Mainyu Head templates: {{en-proper noun}} Ahriman
  1. The hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism. Wikipedia link: Ahriman Categories (topical): Zoroastrianism Synonyms: Ariman, Ahirman, Ahrimen, Ahrimanes Derived forms: Ahrimanic Related terms: Angra Mainyu, Arimanes, Arimanius Translations (the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism): أَهْرِيمَان (ʔahrīmān) [masculine] (Arabic), Ահրիման (Ahriman) (Armenian), Արհմն (Arhmn) (Armenian), Əhrimən (Azerbaijani), Anqra Manyu (Azerbaijani), Арима́н (Arimán) [masculine] (Bulgarian), Ахрима́н (Ahrimán) [masculine] (Bulgarian), 安哥拉·曼紐 (Chinese Mandarin), 安哥拉·曼纽 (āngélā mànniǔ) (Chinese Mandarin), 阿里曼 (Ālǐmàn) (Chinese Mandarin), აჰრიმანი (ahrimani) (Georgian), არიმანი (arimani) (Georgian), אנגרה מניו (an'g'rá mein'yú) (Hebrew), اَهْریمَن (ahriman) (Iranian Persian), アンラ・マンユ (Anra Manyu) (Japanese), アフリマン (Afuriman) (Japanese), アーリマン (Āriman) (Japanese), 앙그라 마이뉴 (Anggeura Mainyu) (Korean), 아흐리만 (Aheuriman) (Korean), 𐭠𐭧𐭫𐭬𐭭𐭩 (alt: ʾḥlmny /⁠ahreman⁠/) (Middle Persian), Արհմն (Arhmn) (Old Armenian), اَهْریمَن (ahrēman) (Persian), Aryman [masculine] (Polish), Arimã [masculine] (Portuguese), Arimane [masculine] (Portuguese), Арима́н (Arimán) [masculine] (Russian), А́нгра-Ма́йнью (Ángra-Májnʹju) [masculine] (Russian), А̏хриман [Cyrillic, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), Ȁhriman [Roman, masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), Ahrimán [masculine] (Spanish), Аҳриман (Ahriman) (Tajik), Ehrimen (Turkish), اَہْرِمان (ahrimān) [masculine] (Urdu), اَہْرِمَن (ahriman) [masculine] (Urdu), اَہْرِیمَن (ahrīman) [masculine] (Urdu)

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for Ahriman meaning in English (10.2kB)

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          "text": "[A]midst Ahriman and his hosts who had now established themselves in the Occident, and as heirs to the horns and tails of Pans and fauns, a crowd of native spirits moved; imps, giants, trolls, forest-spirits, elves and hobgoblins in and on the earth; nicks, river-sprites in the water, fiends in the air, and salamanders in the fire.",
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          "roman": "Arimán",
          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
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          "lang": "Bulgarian",
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          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
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          "word": "Ахрима́н"
        },
        {
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          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
          "word": "安哥拉·曼紐"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "āngélā mànniǔ",
          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
          "word": "安哥拉·曼纽"
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          "roman": "an'g'rá mein'yú",
          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
          "word": "אנגרה מניו"
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          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "Anra Manyu",
          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
          "word": "アンラ・マンユ"
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          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "Afuriman",
          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
          "word": "アフリマン"
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          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "Āriman",
          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
          "word": "アーリマン"
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          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "Anggeura Mainyu",
          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
          "word": "앙그라 마이뉴"
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          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "Aheuriman",
          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
          "word": "아흐리만"
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        {
          "alt": "ʾḥlmny /⁠ahreman⁠/",
          "code": "pal",
          "lang": "Middle Persian",
          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
          "word": "𐭠𐭧𐭫𐭬𐭭𐭩"
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          "code": "pal",
          "lang": "Middle Persian",
          "note": "[script needed] (ʾhlmn' /⁠ahreman⁠/)",
          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism"
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          "roman": "ahrēman",
          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
          "word": "اَهْریمَن"
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          "roman": "ahriman",
          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
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          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
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          "word": "Arimã"
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          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
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          "roman": "Arimán",
          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
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          "word": "Арима́н"
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          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "Ángra-Májnʹju",
          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "А́нгра-Ма́йнью"
        },
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          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
          "tags": [
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          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
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          "word": "Ahrimán"
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          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
          "word": "Ehrimen"
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          "roman": "ahrimān",
          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
          "tags": [
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          ],
          "word": "اَہْرِمان"
        },
        {
          "code": "ur",
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          "roman": "ahriman",
          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
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          "roman": "ahrīman",
          "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
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          ],
          "word": "اَہْرِیمَن"
        }
      ],
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        "1": "en",
        "2": "pal",
        "3": "𐭠𐭧𐭫𐭬𐭭𐭩",
        "sc": "Phli",
        "ts": "ahreman"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Persian 𐭠𐭧𐭫𐭬𐭭𐭩 (ʾḥlmny /⁠ahreman⁠/)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ae",
        "3": "𐬀𐬢𐬭𐬀⸱𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎"
      },
      "expansion": "Avestan 𐬀𐬢𐬭𐬀⸱𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎 (aŋra.maⁱniiu)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬀𐬢𐬭𐬀",
        "3": "",
        "4": "destruction, destructive"
      },
      "expansion": "𐬀𐬢𐬭𐬀 (aŋra, “destruction, destructive”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎",
        "3": "",
        "4": "spirit, mind, essence, emanation etc."
      },
      "expansion": "𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎 (maⁱniiu, “spirit, mind, essence, emanation etc.”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ae",
        "2": "𐬀𐬨𐬆𐬱𐬀⸱𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎",
        "3": "",
        "4": "bounteous spirit"
      },
      "expansion": "𐬀𐬨𐬆𐬱𐬀⸱𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎 (aməša.maⁱniiu, “bounteous spirit”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "Angra Mainyu"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of Angra Mainyu",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Derived from Classical Persian اَهْریمَن (ahrēman) or Iranian Persian اَهْریمَن (ahriman), from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭧𐭫𐭬𐭭𐭩 (ʾḥlmny /⁠ahreman⁠/), from Avestan 𐬀𐬢𐬭𐬀⸱𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎 (aŋra.maⁱniiu), compound of 𐬀𐬢𐬭𐬀 (aŋra, “destruction, destructive”) and 𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎 (maⁱniiu, “spirit, mind, essence, emanation etc.”). Definable through the antithetical 𐬀𐬨𐬆𐬱𐬀⸱𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬥𐬌𐬌𐬎 (aməša.maⁱniiu, “bounteous spirit”). Doublet of Angra Mainyu.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Ahriman",
      "name": "en-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "Angra Mainyu"
    },
    {
      "word": "Arimanes"
    },
    {
      "word": "Arimanius"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Automatic Inscriptional Pahlavi transliterations containing ambiguous characters",
        "English doublets",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
        "English lemmas",
        "English proper nouns",
        "English terms derived from Avestan",
        "English terms derived from Classical Persian",
        "English terms derived from Iranian Persian",
        "English terms derived from Middle Persian",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English uncountable nouns",
        "Requests for native script for Middle Persian terms",
        "en:Zoroastrianism"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1879, Viktor Rydberg, “The Magic of the People and the Struggle of the Church against It”, in August Hjalmar Edgren, transl., The Magic of the Middle Ages: Translated from the Swedish, New York, N.Y.: Henry Holt and Company, →OCLC, page 201",
          "text": "[A]midst Ahriman and his hosts who had now established themselves in the Occident, and as heirs to the horns and tails of Pans and fauns, a crowd of native spirits moved; imps, giants, trolls, forest-spirits, elves and hobgoblins in and on the earth; nicks, river-sprites in the water, fiends in the air, and salamanders in the fire.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hypostasis",
          "hypostasis"
        ],
        [
          "Zoroastrianism",
          "Zoroastrianism"
        ]
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Ahriman"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "Ariman"
    },
    {
      "word": "Ahirman"
    },
    {
      "word": "Ahrimen"
    },
    {
      "word": "Ahrimanes"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʔahrīmān",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "أَهْرِيمَان"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "Ahriman",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "word": "Ահրիման"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "Arhmn",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "word": "Արհմն"
    },
    {
      "code": "xcl",
      "lang": "Old Armenian",
      "roman": "Arhmn",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "word": "Արհմն"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "word": "Əhrimən"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "word": "Anqra Manyu"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "Arimán",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Арима́н"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "Ahrimán",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Ахрима́н"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "word": "安哥拉·曼紐"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "āngélā mànniǔ",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "word": "安哥拉·曼纽"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "Ālǐmàn",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "word": "阿里曼"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "ahrimani",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "word": "აჰრიმანი"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "arimani",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "word": "არიმანი"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "an'g'rá mein'yú",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "word": "אנגרה מניו"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "Anra Manyu",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "word": "アンラ・マンユ"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "Afuriman",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "word": "アフリマン"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "Āriman",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "word": "アーリマン"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "Anggeura Mainyu",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "word": "앙그라 마이뉴"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "Aheuriman",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "word": "아흐리만"
    },
    {
      "alt": "ʾḥlmny /⁠ahreman⁠/",
      "code": "pal",
      "lang": "Middle Persian",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "word": "𐭠𐭧𐭫𐭬𐭭𐭩"
    },
    {
      "code": "pal",
      "lang": "Middle Persian",
      "note": "[script needed] (ʾhlmn' /⁠ahreman⁠/)",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa-cls",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Classical Persian"
      ],
      "roman": "ahrēman",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "word": "اَهْریمَن"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa-ira",
      "lang": "Iranian Persian",
      "roman": "ahriman",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "word": "اَهْریمَن"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Aryman"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Arimã"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Arimane"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "Arimán",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Арима́н"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "Ángra-Májnʹju",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "А́нгра-Ма́йнью"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "А̏хриман"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Ȁhriman"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Ahrimán"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "Ahriman",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "word": "Аҳриман"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "word": "Ehrimen"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "ahrimān",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "اَہْرِمان"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "ahriman",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "اَہْرِمَن"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "ahrīman",
      "sense": "the hypostasis of chaos, destruction, evil in Zoroastrianism",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "اَہْرِیمَن"
    }
  ],
  "word": "Ahriman"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.