"-n" meaning in English

See -n in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

Etymology: From Middle English -n, from Old English -n, rare alternative form of Old English -en (“-en”). More at -en. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|-n}} Middle English -n, {{inh|en|ang|-n}} Old English -n, {{cog|ang|-en|t=-en}} Old English -en (“-en”), {{l|en|-en}} -en Head templates: {{head|en|suffix|cat2=|cat3=|head=|id=}} -n, {{en-suffix}} -n
  1. Alternative form of -en Tags: alt-of, alternative, morpheme Alternative form of: -en
    Sense id: en--n-en-suffix-ISKI1Aka
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Suffix

Head templates: {{head|en|suffix|cat2=adjective-forming suffixes|cat3=noun-forming suffixes|head=|id=}} -n, {{en-suffix|cat2=adjective-forming suffixes|cat3=noun-forming suffixes}} -n
  1. Alternative form of -an, adjective or noun suffix meaning "of or pertaining to", used with words which already end in a. Tags: alt-of, alternative, morpheme Alternative form of: -an (extra: "of or pertaining to", used with words which already end in a), adjective or noun suffix meaning (extra: "of or pertaining to", used with words which already end in a)
    Sense id: en--n-en-suffix-en:an
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Suffix

Etymology: From Middle English -n, -en, from Old English -n, -en and Old Norse -inn, both from Proto-Germanic *-anaz, *-inaz, past participle ending of strong verbs. Cognate with Dutch -en, German -en, Swedish -en, Icelandic -inn. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|-n}} Middle English -n, {{m|enm|-en}} -en, {{inh|en|ang|-n}} Old English -n, {{m|ang|-en}} -en, {{der|en|non|-inn}} Old Norse -inn, {{inh|en|gem-pro|*-anaz}} Proto-Germanic *-anaz, {{m|gem-pro|*-inaz}} *-inaz, {{cog|nl|-en}} Dutch -en, {{cog|de|-en}} German -en, {{cog|sv|-en}} Swedish -en, {{cog|is|-inn}} Icelandic -inn Head templates: {{head|en|suffix|cat2=|cat3=|head=|id=}} -n, {{en-suffix}} -n
  1. Alternative form of -en (past participle ending) Tags: alt-of, alternative, morpheme Alternative form of: -en (extra: past participle ending)
    Sense id: en--n-en-suffix-FRbfNE9R
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Download JSON data for -n meaning in English (4.1kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-n"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -n",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-n"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -n",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "-en",
        "t": "-en"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -en (“-en”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-en"
      },
      "expansion": "-en",
      "name": "l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -n, from Old English -n, rare alternative form of Old English -en (“-en”). More at -en.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-n",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-n",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "-en"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "silver + -n → silvern",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of -en"
      ],
      "id": "en--n-en-suffix-ISKI1Aka",
      "links": [
        [
          "-en",
          "-en#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-n"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [],
  "etymology_text": "",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
        "cat3": "noun-forming suffixes",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-n",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
        "cat3": "noun-forming suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "-n",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "\"of or pertaining to\", used with words which already end in a",
          "word": "-an"
        },
        {
          "extra": "\"of or pertaining to\", used with words which already end in a",
          "word": "adjective or noun suffix meaning"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Java + -n → Javan",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Burma + -n → Burman",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Minnesota + -n → Minnesotan",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Russia + -n → Russian",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of -an, adjective or noun suffix meaning \"of or pertaining to\", used with words which already end in a."
      ],
      "id": "en--n-en-suffix-en:an",
      "links": [
        [
          "-an",
          "-an#English"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:an"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-n"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-n"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -n",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-en"
      },
      "expansion": "-en",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-n"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -n",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "-en"
      },
      "expansion": "-en",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "-inn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse -inn",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*-anaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-anaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*-inaz"
      },
      "expansion": "*-inaz",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "-en"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch -en",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "-en"
      },
      "expansion": "German -en",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "-en"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish -en",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "-inn"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic -inn",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -n, -en, from Old English -n, -en and Old Norse -inn, both from Proto-Germanic *-anaz, *-inaz, past participle ending of strong verbs. Cognate with Dutch -en, German -en, Swedish -en, Icelandic -inn.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-n",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-n",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "past participle ending",
          "word": "-en"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "grow + -n → grown",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "show + -n → shown",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "slow + -n → slown",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of -en (past participle ending)"
      ],
      "id": "en--n-en-suffix-FRbfNE9R",
      "links": [
        [
          "-en",
          "-en#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-n"
}
{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-n"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -n",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-n"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -n",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "-en",
        "t": "-en"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -en (“-en”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-en"
      },
      "expansion": "-en",
      "name": "l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -n, from Old English -n, rare alternative form of Old English -en (“-en”). More at -en.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-n",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-n",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "-en"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "silver + -n → silvern",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of -en"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-en",
          "-en#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-n"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [],
  "etymology_text": "",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
        "cat3": "noun-forming suffixes",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-n",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "cat2": "adjective-forming suffixes",
        "cat3": "noun-forming suffixes"
      },
      "expansion": "-n",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "\"of or pertaining to\", used with words which already end in a",
          "word": "-an"
        },
        {
          "extra": "\"of or pertaining to\", used with words which already end in a",
          "word": "adjective or noun suffix meaning"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Java + -n → Javan",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Burma + -n → Burman",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Minnesota + -n → Minnesotan",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "Russia + -n → Russian",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of -an, adjective or noun suffix meaning \"of or pertaining to\", used with words which already end in a."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-an",
          "-an#English"
        ]
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "en:an"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-n"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-n"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -n",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-en"
      },
      "expansion": "-en",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-n"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -n",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "-en"
      },
      "expansion": "-en",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "-inn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse -inn",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*-anaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-anaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*-inaz"
      },
      "expansion": "*-inaz",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "-en"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch -en",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "-en"
      },
      "expansion": "German -en",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "-en"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish -en",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "-inn"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic -inn",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -n, -en, from Old English -n, -en and Old Norse -inn, both from Proto-Germanic *-anaz, *-inaz, past participle ending of strong verbs. Cognate with Dutch -en, German -en, Swedish -en, Icelandic -inn.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-n",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-n",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "past participle ending",
          "word": "-en"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "grow + -n → grown",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "show + -n → shown",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "slow + -n → slown",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of -en (past participle ending)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-en",
          "-en#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-n"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-03-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-03-01 using wiktextract (68773ab and 5f6ddbb). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

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