See wreef in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "*wrēghe"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch *wrēghe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wrīhan-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wrīhan-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Wree"
},
"expansion": "Low German Wree",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "With final -f influenced by wrijven (“to rub”), from dialectal wreeg, from Middle Dutch *wrēghe, unattested variant of wrijghe, wrijch (“instep”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *wrīhan-. Cognate with Low German Wree, Old High German rīho (“knee; back of knee”), whence dialectal German Reihen (“instep”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wreven",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wreefje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-ven",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "wreef f (plural wreven, diminutive wreefje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"wreef"
]
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "nl:Anatomy",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
47,
52
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
25,
31
]
],
"english": "Mrs Lykari stamped on my instep with her stiletto heel.",
"ref": "2004, Marjon van Royen, De nacht van de schreeuw. Een ongewone vriendschap tussen twee vrouwen in Mexico:",
"text": "Mevrouw Lykari heeft met haar naaldhak op mijn wreef gestampt.",
"translation": "Mrs Lykari stamped on my instep with her stiletto heel.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"instep"
],
"id": "en-wreef-nl-noun-FlIuZDm5",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"instep",
"instep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) instep"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vreːf/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-wreef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fe/Nl-wreef.ogg/Nl-wreef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Nl-wreef.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eːf"
}
],
"word": "wreef"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "wreef",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"wreef"
]
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "wrijven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular past indicative of wrijven"
],
"id": "en-wreef-nl-verb-I26n2XTm",
"links": [
[
"wrijven",
"wrijven#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vreːf/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-wreef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fe/Nl-wreef.ogg/Nl-wreef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Nl-wreef.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eːf"
}
],
"word": "wreef"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch ablauted verbal nouns",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch feminine nouns",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/eːf",
"Rhymes:Dutch/eːf/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "*wrēghe"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch *wrēghe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*wrīhan-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wrīhan-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "Wree"
},
"expansion": "Low German Wree",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "With final -f influenced by wrijven (“to rub”), from dialectal wreeg, from Middle Dutch *wrēghe, unattested variant of wrijghe, wrijch (“instep”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *wrīhan-. Cognate with Low German Wree, Old High German rīho (“knee; back of knee”), whence dialectal German Reihen (“instep”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "wreven",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "wreefje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-ven",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "wreef f (plural wreven, diminutive wreefje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"wreef"
]
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"nl:Anatomy"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
47,
52
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
25,
31
]
],
"english": "Mrs Lykari stamped on my instep with her stiletto heel.",
"ref": "2004, Marjon van Royen, De nacht van de schreeuw. Een ongewone vriendschap tussen twee vrouwen in Mexico:",
"text": "Mevrouw Lykari heeft met haar naaldhak op mijn wreef gestampt.",
"translation": "Mrs Lykari stamped on my instep with her stiletto heel.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"instep"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"instep",
"instep"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) instep"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vreːf/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-wreef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fe/Nl-wreef.ogg/Nl-wreef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Nl-wreef.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eːf"
}
],
"word": "wreef"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch ablauted verbal nouns",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/eːf",
"Rhymes:Dutch/eːf/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "wreef",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"wreef"
]
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "wrijven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular past indicative of wrijven"
],
"links": [
[
"wrijven",
"wrijven#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vreːf/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-wreef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fe/Nl-wreef.ogg/Nl-wreef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Nl-wreef.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eːf"
}
],
"word": "wreef"
}
Download raw JSONL data for wreef meaning in Dutch (3.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-05-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-05-01 using wiktextract (8336b26 and ae80fde). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.