See vuil in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for vuil meaning in Dutch (8.2kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "de vuile was buiten hangen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vervuilen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vuilnis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vuilte"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "vuil"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: vuil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: vuil"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brc",
"2": "fili"
},
"expansion": "Berbice Creole Dutch: fili",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Berbice Creole Dutch: fili"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "väul"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: väul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: väul"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pey",
"2": "vuil"
},
"expansion": "Petjo: vuil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Petjo: vuil"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "vuul"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch vuul",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*fūl"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *fūl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*fūl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fūl",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fūlaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fūlaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fūlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fūlą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pū-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pū-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*pew-"
},
"expansion": "*pew-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "foul"
},
"expansion": "English foul",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "faul"
},
"expansion": "German faul",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Danish",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ful"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ful",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch vuul, from Old Dutch *fūl. The adjective is from Proto-West Germanic *fūl, from Proto-Germanic *fūlaz, the noun from Proto-Germanic *fūlą. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pū-, *pew-. Akin to English foul, German faul, Danish and Swedish ful.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vuiler",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "vuilst",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vuil",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"positive",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "vuiler",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"comparative",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "het vuilst",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "het vuilste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "vuile",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vuilere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vuilste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "vuil",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vuiler",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vuilste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "vuile",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "vuilere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vuilste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "vuile",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "vuilere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "vuilste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "vuils",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "vuilers",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "vuil (comparative vuiler, superlative vuilst)",
"name": "nl-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "nl-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"foul, dirty, filthy"
],
"id": "en-vuil-nl-adj-fPG5PEvR",
"links": [
[
"foul",
"foul"
],
[
"dirty",
"dirty"
],
[
"filthy",
"filthy"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"obscene, lewd"
],
"id": "en-vuil-nl-adj-dUe6BU4x",
"links": [
[
"obscene",
"obscene"
],
[
"lewd",
"lewd"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dishonorable"
],
"id": "en-vuil-nl-adj-dSAz9f1O",
"links": [
[
"dishonorable",
"dishonorable"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"illegal, improper"
],
"id": "en-vuil-nl-adj-uOzv8UIF",
"links": [
[
"illegal",
"illegal"
],
[
"improper",
"improper"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "nl:Nautical",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 1 21 51 8 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fouled, having its wetted surface polluted by marine organisms"
],
"id": "en-vuil-nl-adj-vFxswsTZ",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"fouled",
"fouled"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"pollute",
"pollute"
],
[
"marine",
"marine"
],
[
"organism",
"organism"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) fouled, having its wetted surface polluted by marine organisms"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vœy̯l/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-œy̯l"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-vuil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/Nl-vuil.ogg/Nl-vuil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/Nl-vuil.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "vuil"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "grofvuil"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "straatvuil"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "vuul"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch vuul",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*fūl"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *fūl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*fūl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fūl",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fūlaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fūlaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fūlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fūlą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pū-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pū-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*pew-"
},
"expansion": "*pew-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "foul"
},
"expansion": "English foul",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "faul"
},
"expansion": "German faul",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Danish",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ful"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ful",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch vuul, from Old Dutch *fūl. The adjective is from Proto-West Germanic *fūl, from Proto-Germanic *fūlaz, the noun from Proto-Germanic *fūlą. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pū-, *pew-. Akin to English foul, German faul, Danish and Swedish ful.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vuiltje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-",
"3": "vuiltje"
},
"expansion": "vuil n (uncountable, diminutive vuiltje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"dirt, filth"
],
"id": "en-vuil-nl-noun-EmEs0ibT",
"links": [
[
"dirt",
"dirt"
],
[
"filth",
"filth"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"garbage, trash, waste, litter"
],
"id": "en-vuil-nl-noun-W53LBzWy",
"links": [
[
"garbage",
"garbage"
],
[
"trash",
"trash"
],
[
"waste",
"waste"
],
[
"litter",
"litter"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vœy̯l/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-œy̯l"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-vuil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/Nl-vuil.ogg/Nl-vuil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/Nl-vuil.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "vuil"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch adjectives",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch neuter nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:Dutch/œy̯l",
"Rhymes:Dutch/œy̯l/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "de vuile was buiten hangen"
},
{
"word": "vervuilen"
},
{
"word": "vuilnis"
},
{
"word": "vuilte"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "vuil"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: vuil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: vuil"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brc",
"2": "fili"
},
"expansion": "Berbice Creole Dutch: fili",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Berbice Creole Dutch: fili"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "väul"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: väul",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: väul"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pey",
"2": "vuil"
},
"expansion": "Petjo: vuil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Petjo: vuil"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "vuul"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch vuul",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*fūl"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *fūl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*fūl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fūl",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fūlaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fūlaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fūlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fūlą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pū-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pū-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*pew-"
},
"expansion": "*pew-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "foul"
},
"expansion": "English foul",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "faul"
},
"expansion": "German faul",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Danish",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ful"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ful",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch vuul, from Old Dutch *fūl. The adjective is from Proto-West Germanic *fūl, from Proto-Germanic *fūlaz, the noun from Proto-Germanic *fūlą. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pū-, *pew-. Akin to English foul, German faul, Danish and Swedish ful.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vuiler",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "vuilst",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "vuil",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"positive",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "vuiler",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"comparative",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "het vuilst",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "het vuilste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "vuile",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vuilere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vuilste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "vuil",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vuiler",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "vuilste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "vuile",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "vuilere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "vuilste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "vuile",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "vuilere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "vuilste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "vuils",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "vuilers",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "vuil (comparative vuiler, superlative vuilst)",
"name": "nl-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "nl-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"foul, dirty, filthy"
],
"links": [
[
"foul",
"foul"
],
[
"dirty",
"dirty"
],
[
"filthy",
"filthy"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"obscene, lewd"
],
"links": [
[
"obscene",
"obscene"
],
[
"lewd",
"lewd"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dishonorable"
],
"links": [
[
"dishonorable",
"dishonorable"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"illegal, improper"
],
"links": [
[
"illegal",
"illegal"
],
[
"improper",
"improper"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"nl:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"fouled, having its wetted surface polluted by marine organisms"
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"fouled",
"fouled"
],
[
"surface",
"surface"
],
[
"pollute",
"pollute"
],
[
"marine",
"marine"
],
[
"organism",
"organism"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) fouled, having its wetted surface polluted by marine organisms"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vœy̯l/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-œy̯l"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-vuil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/Nl-vuil.ogg/Nl-vuil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/Nl-vuil.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "vuil"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch adjectives",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch neuter nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch uncountable nouns",
"Rhymes:Dutch/œy̯l",
"Rhymes:Dutch/œy̯l/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "grofvuil"
},
{
"word": "straatvuil"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "vuul"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch vuul",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*fūl"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *fūl",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*fūl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fūl",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fūlaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fūlaz",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*fūlą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fūlą",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pū-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pū-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*pew-"
},
"expansion": "*pew-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "foul"
},
"expansion": "English foul",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "faul"
},
"expansion": "German faul",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Danish",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ful"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ful",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch vuul, from Old Dutch *fūl. The adjective is from Proto-West Germanic *fūl, from Proto-Germanic *fūlaz, the noun from Proto-Germanic *fūlą. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pū-, *pew-. Akin to English foul, German faul, Danish and Swedish ful.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "vuiltje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-",
"3": "vuiltje"
},
"expansion": "vuil n (uncountable, diminutive vuiltje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"dirt, filth"
],
"links": [
[
"dirt",
"dirt"
],
[
"filth",
"filth"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"garbage, trash, waste, litter"
],
"links": [
[
"garbage",
"garbage"
],
[
"trash",
"trash"
],
[
"waste",
"waste"
],
[
"litter",
"litter"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/vœy̯l/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-œy̯l"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-vuil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/Nl-vuil.ogg/Nl-vuil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/Nl-vuil.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "vuil"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.