"mens" meaning in Dutch

See mens in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /mɛns/ Audio: Nl-mens.ogg Forms: mensen [plural], mensje [diminutive, neuter], mensch [alternative, obsolete]
Rhymes: -ɛns Etymology: From Middle Dutch mensche, from Old Dutch mennisko, a substantivised form of the adjective *mennisk (“human, humanlike”), from Proto-West Germanic *mannisk, from Proto-Germanic *manniskaz. Etymology templates: {{inh|nl|dum|mensche}} Middle Dutch mensche, {{inh|nl|odt|mennisko}} Old Dutch mennisko, {{inh|nl|gmw-pro|*mannisk}} Proto-West Germanic *mannisk, {{der|nl|gem-pro|*manniskaz}} Proto-Germanic *manniskaz Head templates: {{nl-noun|m|-en|+}} mens m (plural mensen, diminutive mensje n)
  1. human, any member of the species Homo sapiens Tags: masculine
    Sense id: en-mens-nl-noun-c10oJ8w~ Categories (other): Hominids, Dutch entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 78 19 3
  2. person Tags: masculine Synonyms: persoon
    Sense id: en-mens-nl-noun-OKgeh-eW
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: aapmens, binnenmens, buitenmens, dorpsmens, godmens, goedmens, halfmens, manmens, medemens, mensbeeld, mensdom, menselijk, menselijkheid, menseneter, mensenhandel, mensenmens, mensensmokkel, mensheid, menshouderij, mensonterend, menswaardig, natuurmens, ochtendmens, oermens, onmens, paardmens, plantagemens, stadsmens, tussenmens, vakmens, vrouwmens

Noun

IPA: /mɛns/ Audio: Nl-mens.ogg Forms: mensen [plural], mensje [diminutive, neuter], mensch [alternative, obsolete]
Rhymes: -ɛns Etymology: From Middle Dutch mensche, from Old Dutch mennisko, a substantivised form of the adjective *mennisk (“human, humanlike”), from Proto-West Germanic *mannisk, from Proto-Germanic *manniskaz. Etymology templates: {{inh|nl|dum|mensche}} Middle Dutch mensche, {{inh|nl|odt|mennisko}} Old Dutch mennisko, {{inh|nl|gmw-pro|*mannisk}} Proto-West Germanic *mannisk, {{der|nl|gem-pro|*manniskaz}} Proto-Germanic *manniskaz Head templates: {{nl-noun|n|-en|+}} mens n (plural mensen, diminutive mensje n)
  1. (informal, derogatory) woman Tags: derogatory, informal, neuter Synonyms (woman): secreet, wijf
    Sense id: en-mens-nl-noun-zy5b~x7w

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "aapmens"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "binnenmens"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "buitenmens"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "dorpsmens"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "godmens"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "goedmens"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "halfmens"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "manmens"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "medemens"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "mensbeeld"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "mensdom"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "menselijk"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "menselijkheid"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "menseneter"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "mensenhandel"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "mensenmens"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "mensensmokkel"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "mensheid"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "menshouderij"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "mensonterend"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "menswaardig"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "natuurmens"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ochtendmens"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "oermens"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "onmens"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "paardmens"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "plantagemens"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "stadsmens"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "tussenmens"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "vakmens"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "vrouwmens"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "lang_code": "af",
      "word": "mens"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Negerhollands",
      "lang_code": "dcr",
      "word": "mensch"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Negerhollands",
      "lang_code": "dcr",
      "word": "mens"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Skepi Creole Dutch",
      "lang_code": "skw",
      "word": "mens"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "mensche",
      "mensche#Middle_Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "mennisko",
      "mennisko#Old_Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "*mennisk",
      "Reconstruction:Old Dutch/mennisk"
    ],
    [
      "*mannisk",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/mannisk"
    ],
    [
      "*manniskaz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/manniskaz"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "mensche"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch mensche",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "mennisko"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch mennisko",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*mannisk"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *mannisk",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*manniskaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *manniskaz",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch mensche, from Old Dutch mennisko, a substantivised form of the adjective *mennisk (“human, humanlike”), from Proto-West Germanic *mannisk, from Proto-Germanic *manniskaz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mensen",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mensje",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mensch",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-en",
        "3": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "mens m (plural mensen, diminutive mensje n)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "mens"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "nl",
          "name": "Hominids",
          "orig": "nl:Hominids",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "78 19 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Man is by nature a political animal.",
          "text": "De mens is van nature een politiek dier.",
          "translation": "Man is by nature a political animal.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              20,
              24
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I'm only human!",
          "text": "Ik ben ook maar een mens!",
          "translation": "I'm only human!",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "human, any member of the species Homo sapiens"
      ],
      "id": "en-mens-nl-noun-c10oJ8w~",
      "links": [
        [
          "human",
          "human"
        ],
        [
          "Homo sapiens",
          "Homo sapiens#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "person"
      ],
      "id": "en-mens-nl-noun-OKgeh-eW",
      "links": [
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "persoon"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/mɛns/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-mens.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/Nl-mens.ogg/Nl-mens.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Nl-mens.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛns"
    }
  ],
  "word": "mens"
}

{
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "mensche",
      "mensche#Middle_Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "mennisko",
      "mennisko#Old_Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "*mennisk",
      "Reconstruction:Old Dutch/mennisk"
    ],
    [
      "*mannisk",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/mannisk"
    ],
    [
      "*manniskaz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/manniskaz"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "mensche"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch mensche",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "mennisko"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch mennisko",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*mannisk"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *mannisk",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*manniskaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *manniskaz",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch mensche, from Old Dutch mennisko, a substantivised form of the adjective *mennisk (“human, humanlike”), from Proto-West Germanic *mannisk, from Proto-Germanic *manniskaz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mensen",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mensje",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mensch",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "-en",
        "3": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "mens n (plural mensen, diminutive mensje n)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "mens"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              10
            ]
          ],
          "english": "That woman really annoys me.",
          "text": "Dat mens werkt me echt op de zenuwen.",
          "translation": "That woman really annoys me.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "woman"
      ],
      "id": "en-mens-nl-noun-zy5b~x7w",
      "links": [
        [
          "derogatory",
          "derogatory"
        ],
        [
          "woman",
          "woman"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(informal, derogatory) woman"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "sense": "woman",
          "word": "secreet"
        },
        {
          "sense": "woman",
          "word": "wijf"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "derogatory",
        "informal",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/mɛns/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-mens.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/Nl-mens.ogg/Nl-mens.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Nl-mens.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛns"
    }
  ],
  "word": "mens"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch lemmas",
    "Dutch masculine nouns",
    "Dutch neuter nouns",
    "Dutch nouns",
    "Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
    "Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 16 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ɛns",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ɛns/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "aapmens"
    },
    {
      "word": "binnenmens"
    },
    {
      "word": "buitenmens"
    },
    {
      "word": "dorpsmens"
    },
    {
      "word": "godmens"
    },
    {
      "word": "goedmens"
    },
    {
      "word": "halfmens"
    },
    {
      "word": "manmens"
    },
    {
      "word": "medemens"
    },
    {
      "word": "mensbeeld"
    },
    {
      "word": "mensdom"
    },
    {
      "word": "menselijk"
    },
    {
      "word": "menselijkheid"
    },
    {
      "word": "menseneter"
    },
    {
      "word": "mensenhandel"
    },
    {
      "word": "mensenmens"
    },
    {
      "word": "mensensmokkel"
    },
    {
      "word": "mensheid"
    },
    {
      "word": "menshouderij"
    },
    {
      "word": "mensonterend"
    },
    {
      "word": "menswaardig"
    },
    {
      "word": "natuurmens"
    },
    {
      "word": "ochtendmens"
    },
    {
      "word": "oermens"
    },
    {
      "word": "onmens"
    },
    {
      "word": "paardmens"
    },
    {
      "word": "plantagemens"
    },
    {
      "word": "stadsmens"
    },
    {
      "word": "tussenmens"
    },
    {
      "word": "vakmens"
    },
    {
      "word": "vrouwmens"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Afrikaans",
      "lang_code": "af",
      "word": "mens"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Negerhollands",
      "lang_code": "dcr",
      "word": "mensch"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Negerhollands",
      "lang_code": "dcr",
      "word": "mens"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Skepi Creole Dutch",
      "lang_code": "skw",
      "word": "mens"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "mensche",
      "mensche#Middle_Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "mennisko",
      "mennisko#Old_Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "*mennisk",
      "Reconstruction:Old Dutch/mennisk"
    ],
    [
      "*mannisk",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/mannisk"
    ],
    [
      "*manniskaz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/manniskaz"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "mensche"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch mensche",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "mennisko"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch mennisko",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*mannisk"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *mannisk",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*manniskaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *manniskaz",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch mensche, from Old Dutch mennisko, a substantivised form of the adjective *mennisk (“human, humanlike”), from Proto-West Germanic *mannisk, from Proto-Germanic *manniskaz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mensen",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mensje",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mensch",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "-en",
        "3": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "mens m (plural mensen, diminutive mensje n)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "mens"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Dutch terms with usage examples",
        "nl:Hominids"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              3,
              7
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              3
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Man is by nature a political animal.",
          "text": "De mens is van nature een politiek dier.",
          "translation": "Man is by nature a political animal.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              20,
              24
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I'm only human!",
          "text": "Ik ben ook maar een mens!",
          "translation": "I'm only human!",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "human, any member of the species Homo sapiens"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "human",
          "human"
        ],
        [
          "Homo sapiens",
          "Homo sapiens#Translingual"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "person"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "persoon"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/mɛns/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-mens.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/Nl-mens.ogg/Nl-mens.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Nl-mens.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛns"
    }
  ],
  "word": "mens"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch lemmas",
    "Dutch masculine nouns",
    "Dutch neuter nouns",
    "Dutch nouns",
    "Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
    "Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 16 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ɛns",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ɛns/1 syllable"
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "mensche",
      "mensche#Middle_Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "mennisko",
      "mennisko#Old_Dutch"
    ],
    [
      "*mennisk",
      "Reconstruction:Old Dutch/mennisk"
    ],
    [
      "*mannisk",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/mannisk"
    ],
    [
      "*manniskaz",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/manniskaz"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "mensche"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch mensche",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "mennisko"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch mennisko",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*mannisk"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *mannisk",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*manniskaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *manniskaz",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch mensche, from Old Dutch mennisko, a substantivised form of the adjective *mennisk (“human, humanlike”), from Proto-West Germanic *mannisk, from Proto-Germanic *manniskaz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "mensen",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mensje",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mensch",
      "tags": [
        "alternative",
        "obsolete"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "-en",
        "3": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "mens n (plural mensen, diminutive mensje n)",
      "name": "nl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "mens"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Dutch derogatory terms",
        "Dutch informal terms",
        "Dutch terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              5,
              10
            ]
          ],
          "english": "That woman really annoys me.",
          "text": "Dat mens werkt me echt op de zenuwen.",
          "translation": "That woman really annoys me.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "woman"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "derogatory",
          "derogatory"
        ],
        [
          "woman",
          "woman"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(informal, derogatory) woman"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "derogatory",
        "informal",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/mɛns/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-mens.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6e/Nl-mens.ogg/Nl-mens.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Nl-mens.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛns"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "woman",
      "word": "secreet"
    },
    {
      "sense": "woman",
      "word": "wijf"
    }
  ],
  "word": "mens"
}

Download raw JSONL data for mens meaning in Dutch (6.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.