See lief in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for lief meaning in Dutch (6.9kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "lieflijk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "lieveling"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "lief"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: lief",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: lief"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "lief"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: lief",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: lief"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "lif"
},
"expansion": "Papiamentu: lif",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Papiamentu: lif"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewbʰ-",
"id": "love"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "lief"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch lief",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*liof"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *liof",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*leubaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *leubaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch lief, from Old Dutch *liof, from Proto-Germanic *leubaz, from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "liever",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "liefst",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lief",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"positive",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "liever",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"comparative",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "het liefst",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "het liefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "lieve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lievere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "liefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "lief",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "liever",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "liefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "lieve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "lievere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "liefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "lieve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "lievere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "liefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "liefs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "lievers",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liever"
},
"expansion": "lief (comparative liever, superlative liefst)",
"name": "nl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lief"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lieve"
},
"name": "nl-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "liefde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "liefhebben"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 25 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "71 16 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 23 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch terms of address",
"parents": [
"Terms of address",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "She has a sweet smile.",
"text": "Zij heeft een lieve glimlach."
},
{
"english": "The boy is very kind to his dog.",
"text": "De jongen is heel lief voor zijn hond."
},
{
"english": "Doesburg is a lovely little town.",
"text": "Doesburg is een lief stadje."
}
],
"glosses": [
"nice, sweet"
],
"id": "en-lief-nl-adj-t3Ixa8OS",
"links": [
[
"nice",
"nice"
],
[
"sweet",
"sweet"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aardig"
}
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"english": "Dearest sister, congratulations on your birthday",
"text": "Lieve zus, van harte gefeliciteerd met je verjaardag"
},
{
"english": "Deeply saddened, we announce the death of my beloved husband and our caring father.",
"text": "Diepbedroefd geven wij kennis van het overlijden van mijn lieve man en onze zorgzame vader."
}
],
"glosses": [
"beloved, dear"
],
"id": "en-lief-nl-adj-hvZau-ni",
"links": [
[
"beloved",
"beloved"
],
[
"dear",
"dear#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lif/"
},
{
"ipa": "[lif]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-if"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-lief.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/Nl-lief.ogg/Nl-lief.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/Nl-lief.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "lief"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewbʰ-",
"id": "love"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "lief"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch lief",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*liof"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *liof",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*leubaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *leubaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch lief, from Old Dutch *liof, from Proto-Germanic *leubaz, from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lieven",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "liefje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-ven",
"3": "liefje"
},
"expansion": "lief n (plural lieven, diminutive liefje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lief"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "liefde"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"one's beloved in a romantic relationship, i.e. a boyfriend or girlfriend"
],
"id": "en-lief-nl-noun-kh~t01oC",
"links": [
[
"beloved",
"beloved"
],
[
"boyfriend",
"boyfriend"
],
[
"girlfriend",
"girlfriend"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "liever"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lif/"
},
{
"ipa": "[lif]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-if"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-lief.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/Nl-lief.ogg/Nl-lief.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/Nl-lief.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "lief"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch adjectives",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch neuter nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewbʰ- (love)",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms of address",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Dutch/if",
"Rhymes:Dutch/if/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "lieflijk"
},
{
"word": "lieveling"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "lief"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: lief",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: lief"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dcr",
"2": "lief"
},
"expansion": "Negerhollands: lief",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Negerhollands: lief"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pap",
"2": "lif"
},
"expansion": "Papiamentu: lif",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Papiamentu: lif"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewbʰ-",
"id": "love"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "lief"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch lief",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*liof"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *liof",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*leubaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *leubaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch lief, from Old Dutch *liof, from Proto-Germanic *leubaz, from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "liever",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "liefst",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lief",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"positive",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "liever",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"comparative",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "het liefst",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "het liefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "lieve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lievere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "liefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "lief",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "liever",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "liefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "lieve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "lievere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "liefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "lieve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "lievere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "liefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "liefs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "lievers",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liever"
},
"expansion": "lief (comparative liever, superlative liefst)",
"name": "nl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lief"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lieve"
},
"name": "nl-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "liefde"
},
{
"word": "liefhebben"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"english": "She has a sweet smile.",
"text": "Zij heeft een lieve glimlach."
},
{
"english": "The boy is very kind to his dog.",
"text": "De jongen is heel lief voor zijn hond."
},
{
"english": "Doesburg is a lovely little town.",
"text": "Doesburg is een lief stadje."
}
],
"glosses": [
"nice, sweet"
],
"links": [
[
"nice",
"nice"
],
[
"sweet",
"sweet"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aardig"
}
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"english": "Dearest sister, congratulations on your birthday",
"text": "Lieve zus, van harte gefeliciteerd met je verjaardag"
},
{
"english": "Deeply saddened, we announce the death of my beloved husband and our caring father.",
"text": "Diepbedroefd geven wij kennis van het overlijden van mijn lieve man en onze zorgzame vader."
}
],
"glosses": [
"beloved, dear"
],
"links": [
[
"beloved",
"beloved"
],
[
"dear",
"dear#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lif/"
},
{
"ipa": "[lif]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-if"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-lief.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/Nl-lief.ogg/Nl-lief.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/Nl-lief.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "lief"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch adjectives",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch neuter nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewbʰ- (love)",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms of address",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Dutch/if",
"Rhymes:Dutch/if/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewbʰ-",
"id": "love"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "lief"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch lief",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*liof"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *liof",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*leubaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *leubaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewbʰ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch lief, from Old Dutch *liof, from Proto-Germanic *leubaz, from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lieven",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "liefje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-ven",
"3": "liefje"
},
"expansion": "lief n (plural lieven, diminutive liefje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lief"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "liever"
},
{
"word": "liefde"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"one's beloved in a romantic relationship, i.e. a boyfriend or girlfriend"
],
"links": [
[
"beloved",
"beloved"
],
[
"boyfriend",
"boyfriend"
],
[
"girlfriend",
"girlfriend"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lif/"
},
{
"ipa": "[lif]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-if"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-lief.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0b/Nl-lief.ogg/Nl-lief.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0b/Nl-lief.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "lief"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.