See krassen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kras"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "kras"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: kras",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: kras"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arw",
"2": "kharasèng",
"3": "kharasa",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lokono: kharasèng, kharasa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lokono: kharasèng, kharasa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "krasi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sranan Tongo: krasi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sranan Tongo: krasi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "djk",
"2": "kaasi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Aukan: kaasi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aukan: kaasi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srm",
"2": "kaási",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Saramaccan: kaási",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Saramaccan: kaási"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "crassen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch crassen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "kratzen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German kratzen",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "goh",
"3": "krazzōn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German krazzōn",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krattōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krattōną",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"title": "imitative"
},
"expansion": "imitative",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "gërresë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian gërresë",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "kratzen"
},
"expansion": "German kratzen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kratten"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kratten",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "cretten"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch cretten",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kretten"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kretten",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "krätzen"
},
"expansion": "German krätzen",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch crassen, probably from Middle High German kratzen, from Old High German krazzōn, from Proto-Germanic *krattōną, presumably of imitative origin, but compare Albanian gërresë.\nCognate with modern German kratzen, Middle Low German kratten. From a variant *kratjaną stem Middle Dutch cretten, Middle Low German kretten, dialectal German krätzen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "krassen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krassen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "kras",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kraste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kras",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kraste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kraste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kraste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kraste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kraste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krassen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "krasten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krasse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kraste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "krassen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "krasten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kras",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "krassend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gekrast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "krassen",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kras‧sen"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kras",
"2": "krasse"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to scratch on a hard, even surface"
],
"id": "en-krassen-nl-verb-~Mc81uDc",
"links": [
[
"scratch",
"scratch"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 9 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch onomatopoeias",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 8 27 10 24 6 5 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 6 32 8 31 4 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to make a similar sound, like certain voices grate and birds caw, croak, hoot or screech"
],
"id": "en-krassen-nl-verb-bXvh6gY3",
"links": [
[
"caw",
"caw"
],
[
"croak",
"croak"
],
[
"hoot",
"hoot"
],
[
"screech",
"screech"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkrɑsə(n)/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-krassen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b8/Nl-krassen.ogg/Nl-krassen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Nl-krassen.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑsən"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Nicoline van der Sijs"
],
"word": "krassen"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "krassen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kras‧sen"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "12 8 27 10 24 6 5 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kras"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of kras"
],
"id": "en-krassen-nl-noun-NevIyOI4",
"links": [
[
"kras",
"kras#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkrɑsə(n)/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-krassen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b8/Nl-krassen.ogg/Nl-krassen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Nl-krassen.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑsən"
}
],
"word": "krassen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch basic verbs",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch noun forms",
"Dutch onomatopoeias",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle High German",
"Dutch terms derived from Old High German",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch verbs",
"Dutch weak verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɑsən",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɑsən/2 syllables"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kras"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "kras"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: kras",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: kras"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arw",
"2": "kharasèng",
"3": "kharasa",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lokono: kharasèng, kharasa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lokono: kharasèng, kharasa"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "krasi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Sranan Tongo: krasi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Sranan Tongo: krasi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "djk",
"2": "kaasi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Aukan: kaasi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Aukan: kaasi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srm",
"2": "kaási",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Saramaccan: kaási",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Saramaccan: kaási"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "crassen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch crassen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "kratzen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German kratzen",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "goh",
"3": "krazzōn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German krazzōn",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krattōną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krattōną",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"title": "imitative"
},
"expansion": "imitative",
"name": "onomatopoeic"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "gërresë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian gërresë",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "kratzen"
},
"expansion": "German kratzen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kratten"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kratten",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "cretten"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch cretten",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "kretten"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kretten",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "krätzen"
},
"expansion": "German krätzen",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch crassen, probably from Middle High German kratzen, from Old High German krazzōn, from Proto-Germanic *krattōną, presumably of imitative origin, but compare Albanian gërresë.\nCognate with modern German kratzen, Middle Low German kratten. From a variant *kratjaną stem Middle Dutch cretten, Middle Low German kretten, dialectal German krätzen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "krassen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "krassen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "kras",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kraste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kras",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kraste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kraste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kraste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kraste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "kraste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "krassen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "krasten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "krasse",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kraste",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "krassen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "krasten",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kras",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "krast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "krassend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gekrast",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "krassen",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kras‧sen"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kras",
"2": "krasse"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to scratch on a hard, even surface"
],
"links": [
[
"scratch",
"scratch"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to make a similar sound, like certain voices grate and birds caw, croak, hoot or screech"
],
"links": [
[
"caw",
"caw"
],
[
"croak",
"croak"
],
[
"hoot",
"hoot"
],
[
"screech",
"screech"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkrɑsə(n)/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-krassen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b8/Nl-krassen.ogg/Nl-krassen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Nl-krassen.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑsən"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Nicoline van der Sijs"
],
"word": "krassen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch noun forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɑsən",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɑsən/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "noun form"
},
"expansion": "krassen",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kras‧sen"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kras"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of kras"
],
"links": [
[
"kras",
"kras#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkrɑsə(n)/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-krassen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b8/Nl-krassen.ogg/Nl-krassen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Nl-krassen.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɑsən"
}
],
"word": "krassen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for krassen meaning in Dutch (7.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (aeaf2a1 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.