See kraai in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "alpenkraai"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bergkraai"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "bonte kraai"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "dikbekkraai"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "huiskraai"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kraaiachtig"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kraaien"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kraaiennest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kraaienpoot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "torenkraai"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "zwarte kraai"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "kraai"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: kraai",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: kraai"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "crâye"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch crâye",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*krāia"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *krāia",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krāā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krāā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krēǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krēǭ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch crâye, from Old Dutch *krāia, from Proto-West Germanic *krāā, from Proto-Germanic *krēǭ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kraaien",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kraaitje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "kraai f (plural kraaien, diminutive kraaitje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kraai"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Corvids",
"orig": "nl:Corvids",
"parents": [
"Corvoid birds",
"Perching birds",
"Birds",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"one of certain related birds of the genus Corvus or of the family Corvidae"
],
"id": "en-kraai-nl-noun-3VbLbdmv",
"links": [
[
"Corvus",
"Corvus"
],
[
"Corvidae",
"Corvidae#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Synonym of zwarte kraai (“carrion crow (Corvus corone)”)"
],
"id": "en-kraai-nl-noun-OGdHA2hF",
"links": [
[
"zwarte kraai",
"zwarte kraai#Dutch"
],
[
"Corvus corone",
"Corvus corone#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "particularly",
"raw_glosses": [
"(particularly) Synonym of zwarte kraai (“carrion crow (Corvus corone)”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "(“carrion crow (Corvus corone)”)",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "zwarte kraai"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a person dressed in black"
],
"id": "en-kraai-nl-noun-9zQkg4op",
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) a person dressed in black"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"an undertaker or undertaker's employee"
],
"id": "en-kraai-nl-noun-SyQN2YQ~",
"links": [
[
"undertaker",
"undertaker"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) an undertaker or undertaker's employee"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a blue pennant indicating the presence of a navigation pilot"
],
"id": "en-kraai-nl-noun-2AXuHh-G",
"links": [
[
"pennant",
"pennant"
],
[
"pilot",
"pilot"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) a blue pennant indicating the presence of a navigation pilot"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kraːi̯/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kraai.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/Nl-kraai.ogg/Nl-kraai.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Nl-kraai.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːi̯"
}
],
"word": "kraai"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "craie"
},
"expansion": "French craie",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "craiera"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin craiera",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*krīg",
"t": "strife, war, fight"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *krīg (“strife, war, fight”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French craie, perhaps from Medieval Latin craiera, itself of Germanic origin, from or related to Frankish *krīg (“strife, war, fight”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kraaien",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kraaitje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "kraai f (plural kraaien, diminutive kraaitje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kraai"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Watercraft",
"orig": "nl:Watercraft",
"parents": [
"Nautical",
"Vehicles",
"Transport",
"Machines",
"All topics",
"Technology",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 6 5 1 6 6 14 1 27 27 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a craye, Scandinavian vessel type"
],
"id": "en-kraai-nl-noun-ws3lz2O1",
"links": [
[
"craye",
"craye"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kraːi̯/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kraai.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/Nl-kraai.ogg/Nl-kraai.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Nl-kraai.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːi̯"
}
],
"word": "kraai"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "From kraaien.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kraaien",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "kraai m (plural kraaien)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kraai"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a crow's creaky sound"
],
"id": "en-kraai-nl-noun-6eUbh6mc",
"links": [
[
"creaky",
"creaky"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kraːi̯/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kraai.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/Nl-kraai.ogg/Nl-kraai.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Nl-kraai.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːi̯"
}
],
"word": "kraai"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "kraai",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kraai"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 3 6 5 1 6 6 14 1 27 27 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 2 6 5 1 6 6 9 1 30 30 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 5 2 6 6 9 2 27 27 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kraaien"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of kraaien:",
"first-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-kraai-nl-verb-1GHXYvt8",
"links": [
[
"kraaien",
"kraaien#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 3 6 5 1 6 6 14 1 27 27 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 2 6 5 1 6 6 9 1 30 30 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 5 2 6 6 9 2 27 27 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kraaien"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of kraaien:",
"second-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-kraai-nl-verb-NhiN2L6Y",
"links": [
[
"kraaien",
"kraaien#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of kraaien:",
"(in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in case of inversion"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kraaien"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of kraaien:",
"imperative"
],
"id": "en-kraai-nl-verb-XQ03kYCP",
"links": [
[
"kraaien",
"kraaien#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kraːi̯/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kraai.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/Nl-kraai.ogg/Nl-kraai.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Nl-kraai.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːi̯"
}
],
"word": "kraai"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch feminine nouns",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːi̯",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːi̯/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "alpenkraai"
},
{
"word": "bergkraai"
},
{
"word": "bonte kraai"
},
{
"word": "dikbekkraai"
},
{
"word": "huiskraai"
},
{
"word": "kraaiachtig"
},
{
"word": "kraaien"
},
{
"word": "kraaiennest"
},
{
"word": "kraaienpoot"
},
{
"word": "torenkraai"
},
{
"word": "zwarte kraai"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "kraai"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: kraai",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: kraai"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "crâye"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch crâye",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*krāia"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *krāia",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*krāā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *krāā",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*krēǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *krēǭ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch crâye, from Old Dutch *krāia, from Proto-West Germanic *krāā, from Proto-Germanic *krēǭ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kraaien",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kraaitje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "kraai f (plural kraaien, diminutive kraaitje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kraai"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"nl:Corvids"
],
"glosses": [
"one of certain related birds of the genus Corvus or of the family Corvidae"
],
"links": [
[
"Corvus",
"Corvus"
],
[
"Corvidae",
"Corvidae#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Synonym of zwarte kraai (“carrion crow (Corvus corone)”)"
],
"links": [
[
"zwarte kraai",
"zwarte kraai#Dutch"
],
[
"Corvus corone",
"Corvus corone#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "particularly",
"raw_glosses": [
"(particularly) Synonym of zwarte kraai (“carrion crow (Corvus corone)”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "(“carrion crow (Corvus corone)”)",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "zwarte kraai"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a person dressed in black"
],
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) a person dressed in black"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"an undertaker or undertaker's employee"
],
"links": [
[
"undertaker",
"undertaker"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) an undertaker or undertaker's employee"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a blue pennant indicating the presence of a navigation pilot"
],
"links": [
[
"pennant",
"pennant"
],
[
"pilot",
"pilot"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) a blue pennant indicating the presence of a navigation pilot"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kraːi̯/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kraai.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/Nl-kraai.ogg/Nl-kraai.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Nl-kraai.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːi̯"
}
],
"word": "kraai"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch feminine nouns",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Frankish",
"Dutch terms derived from French",
"Dutch terms derived from Germanic languages",
"Dutch terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːi̯",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːi̯/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "craie"
},
"expansion": "French craie",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "craiera"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin craiera",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*krīg",
"t": "strife, war, fight"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *krīg (“strife, war, fight”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French craie, perhaps from Medieval Latin craiera, itself of Germanic origin, from or related to Frankish *krīg (“strife, war, fight”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kraaien",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kraaitje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-en",
"3": "+"
},
"expansion": "kraai f (plural kraaien, diminutive kraaitje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kraai"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"nl:Watercraft"
],
"glosses": [
"a craye, Scandinavian vessel type"
],
"links": [
[
"craye",
"craye"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kraːi̯/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kraai.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/Nl-kraai.ogg/Nl-kraai.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Nl-kraai.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːi̯"
}
],
"word": "kraai"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch masculine nouns",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːi̯",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːi̯/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "From kraaien.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kraaien",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "-en",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "kraai m (plural kraaien)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kraai"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a crow's creaky sound"
],
"links": [
[
"creaky",
"creaky"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kraːi̯/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kraai.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/Nl-kraai.ogg/Nl-kraai.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Nl-kraai.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːi̯"
}
],
"word": "kraai"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːi̯",
"Rhymes:Dutch/aːi̯/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "kraai",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kraai"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kraaien"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of kraaien:",
"first-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"kraaien",
"kraaien#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kraaien"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of kraaien:",
"second-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"kraaien",
"kraaien#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of kraaien:",
"(in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in case of inversion"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "kraaien"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of kraaien:",
"imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"kraaien",
"kraaien#Dutch"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kraːi̯/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kraai.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/Nl-kraai.ogg/Nl-kraai.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Nl-kraai.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aːi̯"
}
],
"word": "kraai"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kraai meaning in Dutch (8.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (0c0c1f1 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.