See kil in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kil meaning in Dutch (6.4kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kilheid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kilte"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "kil"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: kil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: kil"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gel-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "kille"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kille",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kaliz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kaliz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "killen",
"t": "to be (ice) cold"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch killen (“to be (ice) cold”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Köle"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Köle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "kühl"
},
"expansion": "German kühl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "køle"
},
"expansion": "Danish køle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kyla"
},
"expansion": "Swedish kyla",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kylur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic kylur",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chill"
},
"expansion": "English chill",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch kille, from Proto-Germanic *kaliz, related to Middle Dutch killen (“to be (ice) cold”).\nRelated also to German Low German Köle, German kühl, Danish køle, Swedish kyla, Icelandic kylur, and English chill.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "killer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "kilst",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kil",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"positive",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "killer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"comparative",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "het kilst",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "het kilste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "kille",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "killere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kilste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "kil",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "killer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kilste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "kille",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "killere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kilste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "kille",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "killere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "kilste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "kils",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "killers",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "killer"
},
"expansion": "kil (comparative killer, superlative kilst)",
"name": "nl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kil"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kille"
},
"name": "nl-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cold-hearted, cold-blooded"
],
"id": "en-kil-nl-adj-anNnyGR3",
"links": [
[
"cold-hearted",
"cold-hearted"
],
[
"cold-blooded",
"cold-blooded"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"cold, chilly (of temperatures, weather, etc.)"
],
"id": "en-kil-nl-adj-u3CjWnbY",
"links": [
[
"cold",
"cold"
],
[
"chilly",
"chilly"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪl"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/Nl-kil.ogg/Nl-kil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Nl-kil.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "kil"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "kill",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: kill",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: kill"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "kille"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kille",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*killa"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *killa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kiljǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kiljǭ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kīnaną",
"t": "to crack, split"
},
"expansion": "*kīnaną (“to crack, split”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch kille, from Old Dutch *killa, from Proto-Germanic *kiljǭ, ultimately related to *kīnaną (“to crack, split”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "killen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "killetje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-en",
"3": "killetje"
},
"expansion": "kil f (plural killen, diminutive killetje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kil"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 19 45 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"kill, waterway on sand flats or mud flats"
],
"id": "en-kil-nl-noun-Twt7jZUG",
"links": [
[
"kill",
"kill#English"
],
[
"waterway",
"waterway#English"
],
[
"sand",
"sand"
],
[
"flat",
"flat"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"creek, rivulet"
],
"id": "en-kil-nl-noun-S-XUv3i3",
"links": [
[
"creek",
"creek#English"
],
[
"rivulet",
"rivulet#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪl"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/Nl-kil.ogg/Nl-kil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Nl-kil.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "kille"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Nicoline van der Sijs"
],
"word": "kil"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch adjectives",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch feminine nouns",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Dutch terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gel-",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪl",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪl/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kilheid"
},
{
"word": "kilte"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "kil"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: kil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Afrikaans: kil"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gel-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "kille"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kille",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kaliz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kaliz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "killen",
"t": "to be (ice) cold"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch killen (“to be (ice) cold”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Köle"
},
"expansion": "German Low German Köle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "kühl"
},
"expansion": "German kühl",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "køle"
},
"expansion": "Danish køle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kyla"
},
"expansion": "Swedish kyla",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "kylur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic kylur",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chill"
},
"expansion": "English chill",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch kille, from Proto-Germanic *kaliz, related to Middle Dutch killen (“to be (ice) cold”).\nRelated also to German Low German Köle, German kühl, Danish køle, Swedish kyla, Icelandic kylur, and English chill.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "killer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "kilst",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kil",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"positive",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "killer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"comparative",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "het kilst",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "het kilste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "kille",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "killere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kilste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "kil",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "killer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kilste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "kille",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "killere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kilste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "kille",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "killere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "kilste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "kils",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "killers",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "killer"
},
"expansion": "kil (comparative killer, superlative kilst)",
"name": "nl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kil"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kille"
},
"name": "nl-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"cold-hearted, cold-blooded"
],
"links": [
[
"cold-hearted",
"cold-hearted"
],
[
"cold-blooded",
"cold-blooded"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"cold, chilly (of temperatures, weather, etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"cold",
"cold"
],
[
"chilly",
"chilly"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪl"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/Nl-kil.ogg/Nl-kil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Nl-kil.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "kil"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch feminine nouns",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch nouns with plural in -en",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪl",
"Rhymes:Dutch/ɪl/1 syllable"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "kill",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: kill",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: kill"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "kille"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch kille",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*killa"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *killa",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*kiljǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *kiljǭ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*kīnaną",
"t": "to crack, split"
},
"expansion": "*kīnaną (“to crack, split”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch kille, from Old Dutch *killa, from Proto-Germanic *kiljǭ, ultimately related to *kīnaną (“to crack, split”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "killen",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "killetje",
"tags": [
"diminutive",
"neuter"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "-en",
"3": "killetje"
},
"expansion": "kil f (plural killen, diminutive killetje n)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kil"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"kill, waterway on sand flats or mud flats"
],
"links": [
[
"kill",
"kill#English"
],
[
"waterway",
"waterway#English"
],
[
"sand",
"sand"
],
[
"flat",
"flat"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"creek, rivulet"
],
"links": [
[
"creek",
"creek#English"
],
[
"rivulet",
"rivulet#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɪl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɪl"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-kil.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/Nl-kil.ogg/Nl-kil.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Nl-kil.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kille"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Nicoline van der Sijs"
],
"word": "kil"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.