See droef in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for droef meaning in Dutch (5.4kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "droeve"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch droeve",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*drōvi"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *drōvi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*drōbī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *drōbī",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*drōbuz",
"4": "",
"5": "turbid"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *drōbuz (“turbid”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "droff"
},
"expansion": "English droff",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "trüb"
},
"expansion": "German trüb",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch droeve, droue, from Old Dutch *drōvi, *druovi, from Proto-West Germanic *drōbī, from Proto-Germanic *drōbuz (“turbid”). Compare English droff and German trüb.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "droever",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "droefst",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "droef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"positive",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "droever",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"comparative",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "het droefst",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "het droefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "droeve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "droevere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "droefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "droef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "droever",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "droefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "droeve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "droevere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "droefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "droeve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "droevere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "droefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "droefs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "droevers",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "droever"
},
"expansion": "droef (comparative droever, superlative droefst)",
"name": "nl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"droef"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "droeve"
},
"name": "nl-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "droefenis"
},
{
"word": "droefgeestig"
},
{
"word": "droefheid"
},
{
"word": "droevig"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You make me sad.",
"text": "Jij maakt mij droef.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sad, miserable"
],
"id": "en-droef-nl-adj-a1SHGKUG",
"links": [
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"miserable",
"miserable"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "droeven"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/druf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-droef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/Nl-droef.ogg/Nl-droef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Nl-droef.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "droef"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "droef",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"droef"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 68 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "droeven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of droeven:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
"first-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-droef-nl-verb-v2ZKsAox",
"links": [
[
"droeven",
"droeven#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of droeven:\n"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "droeven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of droeven:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
"imperative"
],
"id": "en-droef-nl-verb-wD9n3O4Q",
"links": [
[
"droeven",
"droeven#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of droeven:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/druf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-droef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/Nl-droef.ogg/Nl-droef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Nl-droef.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "droef"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch adjectives",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Rhymes:Dutch/uf",
"Rhymes:Dutch/uf/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "droefenis"
},
{
"word": "droefgeestig"
},
{
"word": "droefheid"
},
{
"word": "droevig"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "droeve"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch droeve",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*drōvi"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *drōvi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*drōbī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *drōbī",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*drōbuz",
"4": "",
"5": "turbid"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *drōbuz (“turbid”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "droff"
},
"expansion": "English droff",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "trüb"
},
"expansion": "German trüb",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch droeve, droue, from Old Dutch *drōvi, *druovi, from Proto-West Germanic *drōbī, from Proto-Germanic *drōbuz (“turbid”). Compare English droff and German trüb.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "droever",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "droefst",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-decl-adj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "droef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"positive",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "droever",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"comparative",
"predicative"
]
},
{
"form": "het droefst",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "het droefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"predicative",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "droeve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "droevere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "droefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "droef",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"positive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "droever",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "droefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"singular",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "droeve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "droevere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "droefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "droeve",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "droevere",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "droefste",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"definite",
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "droefs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"positive"
]
},
{
"form": "droevers",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comparative",
"partitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "droever"
},
"expansion": "droef (comparative droever, superlative droefst)",
"name": "nl-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"droef"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "droeve"
},
"name": "nl-decl-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "droeven"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "You make me sad.",
"text": "Jij maakt mij droef.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sad, miserable"
],
"links": [
[
"sad",
"sad"
],
[
"miserable",
"miserable"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/druf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-droef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/Nl-droef.ogg/Nl-droef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Nl-droef.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "droef"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch non-lemma forms",
"Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Dutch terms with audio links",
"Dutch verb forms",
"Rhymes:Dutch/uf",
"Rhymes:Dutch/uf/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "droef",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"droef"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "droeven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of droeven:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
"first-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"droeven",
"droeven#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of droeven:\n"
],
"tags": [
"first-person",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "droeven"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of droeven:\n## first-person singular present indicative\n## imperative",
"imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"droeven",
"droeven#Dutch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of droeven:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/druf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uf"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-droef.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6c/Nl-droef.ogg/Nl-droef.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/Nl-droef.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "droef"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (bb24e0f and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.