See bos in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "be"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*bod"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *bod",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*butā",
"4": "",
"5": "being, existence"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *butā (“being, existence”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰuH-",
"t": "to be"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to be”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "bout"
},
"expansion": "Breton bout",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "bheith"
},
"expansion": "Irish bheith",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "bhith"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic bhith",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Welsh bod",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wyf//wyt//yw"
},
"expansion": "Welsh wyf /wyt /yw",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*esti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *esti",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Suppletive verb:\n* Forms beginning with b- are from Proto-Brythonic *bod, from Proto-Celtic *butā (“being, existence”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to be”). Cognate with Breton bout, Irish bheith, Scottish Gaelic bhith, and Welsh bod.\n* Forms such as ov /os /yw (etc.) can be compared to Welsh wyf /wyt /yw (etc.) and are ultimately from Proto-Celtic *esti rather than *butā. Their analogous forms beginning with es- can be compared to the Welsh forms beginning with yd-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ov",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"short-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "os",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"short-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"short-form",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "on",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "owgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "yns",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"short-form",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "or",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"present",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "esov",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"long-form",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"long-form",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yma",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"long-form",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "eus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"long-form",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "usi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"long-form",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "eson",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"long-form",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "esowgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"long-form",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ymons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"long-form",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "esons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"long-form",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "eder",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"long-form",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bydhav",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bythydh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydhyn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bydhowgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydhons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydher",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "beuv",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "beun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "bewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "beus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "en",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"short-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"short-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "o",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"short-form",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "en",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"short-form",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "os",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "esen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"long-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eses",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"long-form",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"long-form",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "esen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"long-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "esewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"long-form",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "esens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"long-form",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "eses",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"long-form"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bedha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"impersonal",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "bien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bia",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "biens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "biv",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bowgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ber",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"impersonal",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "be",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"impersonal",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "ow pos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhys",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bones",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "verb",
"3": "irregular",
"4": "",
"cat2": "irregular verbs",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "bos (irregular)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "irr"
},
"expansion": "bos (irregular)",
"name": "kw-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 28 28 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be"
],
"id": "en-bos-kw-verb-CvEgfuq9",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"tags": [
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Revived Late Cornish spellings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
2,
5
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"english": "I was frightened.",
"literal_meaning": "I had fright.",
"text": "My a veu own.",
"translation": "I was frightened.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
12
]
],
"english": "We would get a good price for the pilchards.",
"text": "Nei via pris da rag an hern.",
"translation": "We would get a good price for the pilchards.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
17,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
17,
26
]
],
"english": "Another time you will have more.",
"text": "Termyn aral hwei vedh moy.",
"translation": "Another time you will have more.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to have; to get"
],
"id": "en-bos-kw-verb-HDHC2fjk",
"qualifier": "preterite or conditional tenses",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Revived Late Cornish, future, preterite or conditional tenses) to have; to get"
],
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish",
"future",
"irregular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɔːz/",
"tags": [
"Revived-Middle-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛrɐ/",
"note": "long forms, e.g. ero'ma, ere'vy",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbiː/",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish",
"preterite"
]
}
],
"word": "bos"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "abode"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*bod"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *bod",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*butā",
"4": "",
"5": "hut, cabin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *butā (“hut, cabin”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Breton bod",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga,gd",
"2": "both"
},
"expansion": "Irish and Scottish Gaelic both",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Welsh bod",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *bod, from Proto-Celtic *butā (“hut, cabin”). Cognate with Breton bod, Irish and Scottish Gaelic both, and Welsh bod.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bosow",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bones",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"10": "bosow",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{d2}}}",
"9": "plural",
"cat2": "",
"f4g": "",
"f5g": "",
"f6g": "",
"g": "f",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "bos f (plural bosow)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "r"
},
"expansion": "bos f (plural bosow)",
"name": "kw-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 28 28 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "small habitation",
"translation": "small habitation",
"word": "bosik"
},
{
"english": "plantation",
"translation": "plantation",
"word": "boslan"
}
],
"glosses": [
"abode, dwelling"
],
"id": "en-bos-kw-noun-KqIr5Cvh",
"links": [
[
"abode",
"abode#English"
],
[
"dwelling",
"dwelling#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɔːz/",
"tags": [
"Revived-Middle-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈboːz/",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛrɐ/",
"note": "long forms, e.g. ero'ma, ere'vy",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbiː/",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish",
"preterite"
]
}
],
"word": "bos"
}
{
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "bush"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "en",
"3": "bush"
},
"expansion": "English bush",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Presumably from English bush.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bosow",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bos",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "vos",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "bos",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
},
{
"form": "pos",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "fos",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-mixed"
]
},
{
"form": "vos",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-mixed"
]
},
{
"form": "bones",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"10": "bosow",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{d2}}}",
"9": "plural",
"cat2": "",
"f4g": "",
"f5g": "",
"f6g": "",
"g": "m",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "bos m (plural bosow)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "r"
},
"expansion": "bos m (plural bosow)",
"name": "kw-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 28 28 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "bushy",
"translation": "bushy",
"word": "bosek"
},
{
"english": "honeysuckle",
"translation": "honeysuckle",
"word": "gwydhvos"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bush"
],
"id": "en-bos-kw-noun-dJoaFsND",
"links": [
[
"bush",
"bush#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɔːz/",
"tags": [
"Revived-Middle-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈboːz/",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛrɐ/",
"note": "long forms, e.g. ero'ma, ere'vy",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbiː/",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish",
"preterite"
]
}
],
"word": "bos"
}
{
"categories": [
"Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"Cornish irregular verbs",
"Cornish lemmas",
"Cornish masculine nouns",
"Cornish nouns",
"Cornish terms derived from English",
"Cornish verbs",
"Pages with 33 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "be"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*bod"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *bod",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*butā",
"4": "",
"5": "being, existence"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *butā (“being, existence”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰuH-",
"t": "to be"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to be”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "bout"
},
"expansion": "Breton bout",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "bheith"
},
"expansion": "Irish bheith",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "bhith"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic bhith",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Welsh bod",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wyf//wyt//yw"
},
"expansion": "Welsh wyf /wyt /yw",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*esti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *esti",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Suppletive verb:\n* Forms beginning with b- are from Proto-Brythonic *bod, from Proto-Celtic *butā (“being, existence”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to be”). Cognate with Breton bout, Irish bheith, Scottish Gaelic bhith, and Welsh bod.\n* Forms such as ov /os /yw (etc.) can be compared to Welsh wyf /wyt /yw (etc.) and are ultimately from Proto-Celtic *esti rather than *butā. Their analogous forms beginning with es- can be compared to the Welsh forms beginning with yd-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "irregular",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ov",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"short-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "os",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"short-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yw",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"short-form",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "on",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "owgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "yns",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"short-form",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "or",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"present",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "esov",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"long-form",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"long-form",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yma",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"long-form",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "eus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"long-form",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "usi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"long-form",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "eson",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"long-form",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "esowgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"long-form",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ymons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"long-form",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "esons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"long-form",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "eder",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"long-form",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bydhav",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bythydh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydhyn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bydhowgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydhons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bydher",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "beuv",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "beu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "beun",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "bewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "beus",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "en",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"short-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"short-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "o",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"short-form",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "en",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"short-form",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "os",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"short-form"
]
},
{
"form": "esen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"long-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "eses",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"long-form",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "esa",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"long-form",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "esen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"long-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "esewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"long-form",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "esens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"long-form",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "eses",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"long-form"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bedha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"impersonal",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "bien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bia",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bien",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "biens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"pluperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bies",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"indicative",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "biv",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "byn",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bowgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bons",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ber",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"impersonal",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "be",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ben",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "bens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"impersonal",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bydh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhes",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhewgh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhens",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "ow pos",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bedhys",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bones",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "verb",
"3": "irregular",
"4": "",
"cat2": "irregular verbs",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "bos (irregular)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "irr"
},
"expansion": "bos (irregular)",
"name": "kw-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to be"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
]
],
"tags": [
"irregular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Cornish terms with usage examples",
"Revived Late Cornish spellings"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
2,
5
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
8
]
],
"english": "I was frightened.",
"literal_meaning": "I had fright.",
"text": "My a veu own.",
"translation": "I was frightened.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
7
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
12
]
],
"english": "We would get a good price for the pilchards.",
"text": "Nei via pris da rag an hern.",
"translation": "We would get a good price for the pilchards.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
17,
21
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
17,
26
]
],
"english": "Another time you will have more.",
"text": "Termyn aral hwei vedh moy.",
"translation": "Another time you will have more.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to have; to get"
],
"qualifier": "preterite or conditional tenses",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Revived Late Cornish, future, preterite or conditional tenses) to have; to get"
],
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish",
"future",
"irregular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɔːz/",
"tags": [
"Revived-Middle-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛrɐ/",
"note": "long forms, e.g. ero'ma, ere'vy",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbiː/",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish",
"preterite"
]
}
],
"word": "bos"
}
{
"categories": [
"Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"Cornish feminine nouns",
"Cornish lemmas",
"Cornish masculine nouns",
"Cornish nouns",
"Cornish terms derived from English",
"Cornish terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Cornish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Cornish terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Cornish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages with 33 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "small habitation",
"translation": "small habitation",
"word": "bosik"
},
{
"english": "plantation",
"translation": "plantation",
"word": "boslan"
}
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "abode"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*bod"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *bod",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*butā",
"4": "",
"5": "hut, cabin"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *butā (“hut, cabin”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Breton bod",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ga,gd",
"2": "both"
},
"expansion": "Irish and Scottish Gaelic both",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Welsh bod",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *bod, from Proto-Celtic *butā (“hut, cabin”). Cognate with Breton bod, Irish and Scottish Gaelic both, and Welsh bod.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bosow",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bones",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"10": "bosow",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{d2}}}",
"9": "plural",
"cat2": "",
"f4g": "",
"f5g": "",
"f6g": "",
"g": "f",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "bos f (plural bosow)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "r"
},
"expansion": "bos f (plural bosow)",
"name": "kw-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"abode, dwelling"
],
"links": [
[
"abode",
"abode#English"
],
[
"dwelling",
"dwelling#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɔːz/",
"tags": [
"Revived-Middle-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈboːz/",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛrɐ/",
"note": "long forms, e.g. ero'ma, ere'vy",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbiː/",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish",
"preterite"
]
}
],
"word": "bos"
}
{
"categories": [
"Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"Cornish lemmas",
"Cornish masculine nouns",
"Cornish nouns",
"Cornish terms derived from English",
"Pages with 33 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "bushy",
"translation": "bushy",
"word": "bosek"
},
{
"english": "honeysuckle",
"translation": "honeysuckle",
"word": "gwydhvos"
}
],
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "bush"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "en",
"3": "bush"
},
"expansion": "English bush",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Presumably from English bush.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bosow",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bos",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "vos",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
},
{
"form": "bos",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-aspirate"
]
},
{
"form": "pos",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"mutation"
]
},
{
"form": "fos",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-mixed"
]
},
{
"form": "vos",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-mixed"
]
},
{
"form": "bones",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"10": "bosow",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{d2}}}",
"9": "plural",
"cat2": "",
"f4g": "",
"f5g": "",
"f6g": "",
"g": "m",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "bos m (plural bosow)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "r"
},
"expansion": "bos m (plural bosow)",
"name": "kw-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bush"
],
"links": [
[
"bush",
"bush#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɔːz/",
"tags": [
"Revived-Middle-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈboːz/",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛrɐ/",
"note": "long forms, e.g. ero'ma, ere'vy",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbiː/",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish",
"preterite"
]
}
],
"word": "bos"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bos meaning in Cornish (17.2kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Cornish]; cleaned text: os",
"path": [
"bos"
],
"section": "Cornish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bos",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Cornish]; cleaned text: os",
"path": [
"bos"
],
"section": "Cornish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bos",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'simple imperfect'",
"path": [
"bos"
],
"section": "Cornish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bos",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'simple imperfect'",
"path": [
"bos"
],
"section": "Cornish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bos",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'habitual imperfect'",
"path": [
"bos"
],
"section": "Cornish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bos",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'habitual imperfect'",
"path": [
"bos"
],
"section": "Cornish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bos",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: bos/Cornish 'present/future' base_tags={'irregular', 'long-form', 'subjunctive', 'pluperfect'}",
"path": [
"bos"
],
"section": "Cornish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bos",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: bos/Cornish 'present/future' base_tags={'irregular', 'subjunctive', 'pluperfect', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"bos"
],
"section": "Cornish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bos",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'verbal adjective'",
"path": [
"bos"
],
"section": "Cornish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "bos",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Cornish]; cleaned text: pos",
"path": [
"bos"
],
"section": "Cornish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bos",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: bos/Cornish 'hard' base_tags={'mutation', 'mutation-soft', 'mutation-aspirate', 'mutation-radical'}",
"path": [
"bos"
],
"section": "Cornish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bos",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Cornish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.