See 蓬萊 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "蓬萊仙境"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "蓬莱仙境"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "Pénglái Gōng",
"word": "蓬萊宮"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "Pénglái Gōng",
"word": "蓬莱宫"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "蓬萊弱水"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "蓬莱弱水"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "péngláimǐ",
"word": "蓬萊米"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "péngláimǐ",
"word": "蓬莱米"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "yue",
"3": "nan:Hông-lâi-chhī",
"4": "en:Penglai Island",
"5": "en:Penglai, Shandong"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "zh-wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "ပင်လယ်",
"3": "",
"4": "sea; ocean"
},
"expansion": "Burmese ပင်လယ် (panglai, “sea; ocean”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "shn",
"2": "ပၢင်ႇလၢႆႇ",
"3": "",
"4": "sea; ocean"
},
"expansion": "Shan ပၢင်ႇလၢႆႇ (pàang làai, “sea; ocean”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kac",
"2": "pang lai",
"3": "",
"4": "sea"
},
"expansion": "Jingpho pang lai (“sea”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ksw",
"2": "ပီၣ်လဲၣ်",
"3": "",
"4": "sea"
},
"expansion": "S'gaw Karen ပီၣ်လဲၣ် (paẁ leh̀, “sea”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-pro",
"2": "*d(n)liʔ",
"3": "*dnliʔ",
"4": "sea"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mon-Khmer *d[n]liʔ (“sea”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okz",
"2": "danle"
},
"expansion": "Old Khmer danle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "km",
"2": "ទន្លេ",
"3": "",
"4": "river"
},
"expansion": "Khmer ទន្លេ (tɔɔtŭənlei, “river”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ทะเล",
"3": "",
"4": "sea"
},
"expansion": "Thai ทะเล (tá-lee, “sea”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "萊國",
"2": "Lai"
},
"expansion": "萊國／莱国 (Láiguó, “Lai”)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "萊"
},
"expansion": "萊／莱 (lái)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "越絕書"
},
"expansion": "越絕書",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Eastern Han"
},
"expansion": "[Eastern Han]",
"name": "defdate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Zhengzhang (1999)"
},
"expansion": "Zhengzhang (1999)",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain.\nIt bears striking resemblance to a Southeast Asian word for “sea”. Compare Burmese ပင်လယ် (panglai, “sea; ocean”), Shan ပၢင်ႇလၢႆႇ (pàang làai, “sea; ocean”), Jingpho pang lai (“sea”), S'gaw Karen ပီၣ်လဲၣ် (paẁ leh̀, “sea”). These seem to be borrowings, possibly from a Mon-Khmer language; compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *d[n]liʔ (“sea”), whence Old Khmer danle, danley (“large river; lake; sea”) > Khmer ទន្លេ (tɔɔtŭənlei, “river”), Thai ทะเล (tá-lee, “sea”) (Schuessler, 2007).\nAlternatively, it may be a transcription of an earlier Austroasiatic name; cf. 萊國／莱国 (Láiguó, “Lai”), an ancient Dongyi tribe, where 萊／莱 (lái) has been argued to transcribe a native word for \"mountain\" or \"wilderness\". The latter interpretation was mentioned in the Classical Chinese text Yue Jue Shu (越絕書 [Eastern Han]) and discussed by Zhengzhang (1999).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "蓬莱",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "蓬莱",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "蓬萊",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Chinese mythology",
"orig": "zh:Chinese mythology",
"parents": [
"China",
"Mythology",
"Asia",
"Culture",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Society",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "See also: 瀛洲, 方丈"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Penglai (a mythical eastern isle of immortals)"
],
"id": "en-蓬萊-zh-name-g~9Dz6LK",
"links": [
[
"Chinese",
"Chinese"
],
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"Penglai",
"Penglai"
],
[
"mythical",
"mythical#English"
],
[
"eastern",
"eastern#English"
],
[
"isle",
"isle#English"
],
[
"immortals",
"仙#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Chinese mythology) Penglai (a mythical eastern isle of immortals)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "62 17 21",
"roman": "Péngláishān",
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬萊山"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 17 21",
"roman": "Péngláishān",
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬莱山"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 17 21",
"roman": "Péngláidǎo",
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬萊島"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 17 21",
"roman": "Péngláidǎo",
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬莱岛"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 17 21",
"roman": "Pénglái Xiāndǎo",
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬萊仙島"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 17 21",
"roman": "Pénglái Xiāndǎo",
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬莱仙岛"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 17 21",
"roman": "Péngshān",
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬山"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 17 21",
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬岛"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 17 21",
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬丘"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 17 21",
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬壺"
},
{
"_dis1": "62 17 21",
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬壶"
}
],
"tags": [
"Chinese"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"mythology",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"fairyland"
],
"id": "en-蓬萊-zh-name-cfneOGSo",
"links": [
[
"fairyland",
"fairyland"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) fairyland"
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Cities in Shandong",
"orig": "zh:Cities in Shandong",
"parents": [
"Cities",
"Places",
"Polities",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Historical political subdivisions",
"orig": "zh:Historical political subdivisions",
"parents": [
"Political subdivisions",
"Polities",
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Neighborhoods in Shandong",
"orig": "zh:Neighborhoods in Shandong",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Places in China",
"orig": "zh:Places in China",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Places in Shandong",
"orig": "zh:Places in Shandong",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Places in Yantai",
"orig": "zh:Places in Yantai",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "13 1 83 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 3 78 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 3 83 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Penglai (a district, former county, and former county-level city in Yantai, Shandong, China)"
],
"id": "en-蓬萊-zh-name-jxDJWNek",
"links": [
[
"區",
"區#Chinese"
],
[
"縣",
"縣#Chinese"
],
[
"市",
"市#Chinese"
],
[
"Penglai",
"Penglai#English"
],
[
"district",
"district"
],
[
"Yantai",
"Yantai#English"
],
[
"Shandong",
"Shandong#English"
],
[
"China",
"China#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(～區, formerly ～縣, ～市) Penglai (a district, former county, and former county-level city in Yantai, Shandong, China)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "4 5 91",
"roman": "Dēngzhōu",
"sense": "district",
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"word": "登州"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "pénglái"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄆㄥˊ ㄌㄞˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "pung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "fung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hông-lâi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "pénglái"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "pénglái"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "pʻêng²-lai²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "péng-lái"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "pernglai"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "пэнлай"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "pɛnlaj"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰɤŋ³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "pùhng lòih"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "fùhng lòih"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "pung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "fung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "pung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "fung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰʊŋ²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fʊŋ²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hông-lâi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hông-lâi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "honglaai"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² lai¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lai²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ lai²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "buwng loj"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*boːŋ rɯː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰɤŋ³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰʊŋ²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/fʊŋ²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² lai¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lai²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ lai²³/"
},
{
"other": "/*boːŋ rɯː/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"zh:越絕書"
],
"word": "蓬萊"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "蓬莱",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "蓬莱",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "蓬萊",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " The Book of the Later Han, circa 5ᵗʰ century CE",
"roman": "Jǔ yīngqí yú zèlòu, bá máoxiù yú pénglái.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "舉英奇於仄陋，拔髦秀於蓬萊。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " The Book of the Later Han, circa 5ᵗʰ century CE",
"roman": "Jǔ yīngqí yú zèlòu, bá máoxiù yú pénglái.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "举英奇于仄陋，拔髦秀于蓬莱。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wilderness"
],
"id": "en-蓬萊-zh-noun-fauB7ULa",
"links": [
[
"wilderness",
"wilderness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) wilderness"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "pénglái"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄆㄥˊ ㄌㄞˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "pung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "fung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hông-lâi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "pénglái"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "pénglái"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "pʻêng²-lai²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "péng-lái"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "pernglai"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "пэнлай"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "pɛnlaj"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰɤŋ³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "pùhng lòih"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "fùhng lòih"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "pung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "fung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "pung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "fung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰʊŋ²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fʊŋ²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hông-lâi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hông-lâi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "honglaai"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² lai¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lai²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ lai²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "buwng loj"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*boːŋ rɯː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰɤŋ³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰʊŋ²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/fʊŋ²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² lai¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lai²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ lai²³/"
},
{
"other": "/*boːŋ rɯː/"
}
],
"word": "蓬萊"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 萊",
"Chinese terms spelled with 蓬",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese terms with unknown etymologies",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Middle Chinese proper nouns",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese nouns",
"Old Chinese proper nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "蓬萊仙境"
},
{
"word": "蓬莱仙境"
},
{
"roman": "Pénglái Gōng",
"word": "蓬萊宮"
},
{
"roman": "Pénglái Gōng",
"word": "蓬莱宫"
},
{
"word": "蓬萊弱水"
},
{
"word": "蓬莱弱水"
},
{
"roman": "péngláimǐ",
"word": "蓬萊米"
},
{
"roman": "péngláimǐ",
"word": "蓬莱米"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "yue",
"3": "nan:Hông-lâi-chhī",
"4": "en:Penglai Island",
"5": "en:Penglai, Shandong"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "zh-wp"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "ပင်လယ်",
"3": "",
"4": "sea; ocean"
},
"expansion": "Burmese ပင်လယ် (panglai, “sea; ocean”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "shn",
"2": "ပၢင်ႇလၢႆႇ",
"3": "",
"4": "sea; ocean"
},
"expansion": "Shan ပၢင်ႇလၢႆႇ (pàang làai, “sea; ocean”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kac",
"2": "pang lai",
"3": "",
"4": "sea"
},
"expansion": "Jingpho pang lai (“sea”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ksw",
"2": "ပီၣ်လဲၣ်",
"3": "",
"4": "sea"
},
"expansion": "S'gaw Karen ပီၣ်လဲၣ် (paẁ leh̀, “sea”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-pro",
"2": "*d(n)liʔ",
"3": "*dnliʔ",
"4": "sea"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mon-Khmer *d[n]liʔ (“sea”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "okz",
"2": "danle"
},
"expansion": "Old Khmer danle",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "km",
"2": "ទន្លេ",
"3": "",
"4": "river"
},
"expansion": "Khmer ទន្លេ (tɔɔtŭənlei, “river”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ทะเล",
"3": "",
"4": "sea"
},
"expansion": "Thai ทะเล (tá-lee, “sea”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "萊國",
"2": "Lai"
},
"expansion": "萊國／莱国 (Láiguó, “Lai”)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "萊"
},
"expansion": "萊／莱 (lái)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "越絕書"
},
"expansion": "越絕書",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Eastern Han"
},
"expansion": "[Eastern Han]",
"name": "defdate"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Zhengzhang (1999)"
},
"expansion": "Zhengzhang (1999)",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain.\nIt bears striking resemblance to a Southeast Asian word for “sea”. Compare Burmese ပင်လယ် (panglai, “sea; ocean”), Shan ပၢင်ႇလၢႆႇ (pàang làai, “sea; ocean”), Jingpho pang lai (“sea”), S'gaw Karen ပီၣ်လဲၣ် (paẁ leh̀, “sea”). These seem to be borrowings, possibly from a Mon-Khmer language; compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *d[n]liʔ (“sea”), whence Old Khmer danle, danley (“large river; lake; sea”) > Khmer ទន្លេ (tɔɔtŭənlei, “river”), Thai ทะเล (tá-lee, “sea”) (Schuessler, 2007).\nAlternatively, it may be a transcription of an earlier Austroasiatic name; cf. 萊國／莱国 (Láiguó, “Lai”), an ancient Dongyi tribe, where 萊／莱 (lái) has been argued to transcribe a native word for \"mountain\" or \"wilderness\". The latter interpretation was mentioned in the Classical Chinese text Yue Jue Shu (越絕書 [Eastern Han]) and discussed by Zhengzhang (1999).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "蓬莱",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "蓬莱",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "蓬萊",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"zh:Chinese mythology"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "See also: 瀛洲, 方丈"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Penglai (a mythical eastern isle of immortals)"
],
"links": [
[
"Chinese",
"Chinese"
],
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"Penglai",
"Penglai"
],
[
"mythical",
"mythical#English"
],
[
"eastern",
"eastern#English"
],
[
"isle",
"isle#English"
],
[
"immortals",
"仙#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Chinese mythology) Penglai (a mythical eastern isle of immortals)"
],
"tags": [
"Chinese"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"mysticism",
"mythology",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"fairyland"
],
"links": [
[
"fairyland",
"fairyland"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) fairyland"
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"zh:Cities in Shandong",
"zh:Historical political subdivisions",
"zh:Neighborhoods in Shandong",
"zh:Places in China",
"zh:Places in Shandong",
"zh:Places in Yantai"
],
"glosses": [
"Penglai (a district, former county, and former county-level city in Yantai, Shandong, China)"
],
"links": [
[
"區",
"區#Chinese"
],
[
"縣",
"縣#Chinese"
],
[
"市",
"市#Chinese"
],
[
"Penglai",
"Penglai#English"
],
[
"district",
"district"
],
[
"Yantai",
"Yantai#English"
],
[
"Shandong",
"Shandong#English"
],
[
"China",
"China#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(～區, formerly ～縣, ～市) Penglai (a district, former county, and former county-level city in Yantai, Shandong, China)"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "pénglái"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄆㄥˊ ㄌㄞˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "pung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "fung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hông-lâi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "pénglái"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "pénglái"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "pʻêng²-lai²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "péng-lái"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "pernglai"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "пэнлай"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "pɛnlaj"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰɤŋ³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "pùhng lòih"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "fùhng lòih"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "pung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "fung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "pung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "fung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰʊŋ²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fʊŋ²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hông-lâi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hông-lâi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "honglaai"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² lai¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lai²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ lai²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "buwng loj"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*boːŋ rɯː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰɤŋ³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰʊŋ²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/fʊŋ²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² lai¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lai²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ lai²³/"
},
{
"other": "/*boːŋ rɯː/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "Péngláishān",
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬萊山"
},
{
"roman": "Péngláishān",
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬莱山"
},
{
"roman": "Péngláidǎo",
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬萊島"
},
{
"roman": "Péngláidǎo",
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬莱岛"
},
{
"roman": "Pénglái Xiāndǎo",
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬萊仙島"
},
{
"roman": "Pénglái Xiāndǎo",
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬莱仙岛"
},
{
"roman": "Péngshān",
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬山"
},
{
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬岛"
},
{
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬丘"
},
{
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬壺"
},
{
"sense": "mythical island",
"word": "蓬壶"
},
{
"roman": "Dēngzhōu",
"sense": "district",
"tags": [
"historical"
],
"word": "登州"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"zh:越絕書"
],
"word": "蓬萊"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 萊",
"Chinese terms spelled with 蓬",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Middle Chinese proper nouns",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese nouns",
"Old Chinese proper nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "蓬莱",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "蓬莱",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "蓬萊",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations",
"Requests for translations of Literary Chinese usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " The Book of the Later Han, circa 5ᵗʰ century CE",
"roman": "Jǔ yīngqí yú zèlòu, bá máoxiù yú pénglái.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "舉英奇於仄陋，拔髦秀於蓬萊。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " The Book of the Later Han, circa 5ᵗʰ century CE",
"roman": "Jǔ yīngqí yú zèlòu, bá máoxiù yú pénglái.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "举英奇于仄陋，拔髦秀于蓬莱。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"wilderness"
],
"links": [
[
"wilderness",
"wilderness"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary) wilderness"
],
"tags": [
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "pénglái"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄆㄥˊ ㄌㄞˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "pung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "fung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hông-lâi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "pénglái"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "pénglái"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "pʻêng²-lai²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "péng-lái"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "pernglai"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "пэнлай"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "pɛnlaj"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰɤŋ³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "pùhng lòih"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "fùhng lòih"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "pung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "fung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "pung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "fung⁴ loi⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰʊŋ²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/fʊŋ²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hông-lâi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hông-lâi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "honglaai"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² lai¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lai²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ lai²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "buwng loj"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*boːŋ rɯː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰɤŋ³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰʊŋ²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/fʊŋ²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lai²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² lai¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lai²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ lai²³/"
},
{
"other": "/*boːŋ rɯː/"
}
],
"word": "蓬萊"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 蓬萊 meaning in Chinese (12.4kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"蓬萊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "蓬萊",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"蓬萊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "蓬萊",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"蓬萊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "蓬萊",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
"path": [
"蓬萊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "蓬萊",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ～區, formerly ～縣, ～市",
"path": [
"蓬萊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "蓬萊",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ～區, formerly ～縣, ～市",
"path": [
"蓬萊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "蓬萊",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ～區, formerly ～縣, ～市",
"path": [
"蓬萊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "蓬萊",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ～區, formerly ～縣, ～市",
"path": [
"蓬萊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "蓬萊",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ～區, formerly ～縣, ～市",
"path": [
"蓬萊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "蓬萊",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ～區, formerly ～縣, ～市",
"path": [
"蓬萊"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "proper noun",
"title": "蓬萊",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.