See 菩薘 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "*菩提",
"2": "bodhi"
},
"expansion": "菩提 (“bodhi”)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*菩提瓜",
"2": "bitter gourd"
},
"expansion": "菩提瓜 (“bitter gourd”)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly related to 菩提 (“bodhi”); compare the now-dated name 菩提瓜 (“bitter gourd”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "菩荙",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "菩達",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Traditional-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "菩达",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "蒲達",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Traditional-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "蒲达",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "葡達",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Traditional-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "葡达",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "菩突",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "蒲突",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "菩薘",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cantonese Chinese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
24,
34
],
[
36,
46
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
],
[
8,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
34,
46
],
[
52,
64
]
],
"english": "The tender ginger is pungent, buy bitter melon, the bitter melon is bitter, buy hog maw",
"ref": " 月光光 (a nursery rhyme)",
"roman": "zi² goeng¹ laat⁶, maai⁵ pou⁴ daat⁶, pou⁴ daat⁶ fu², maai⁵ zyu¹ tou⁵",
"tags": [
"Jyutping",
"Cantonese",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "子薑辣，買菩薘，菩薘苦，買豬肚",
"translation": "The tender ginger is pungent, buy bitter melon, the bitter melon is bitter, buy hog maw",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
24,
34
],
[
36,
46
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
],
[
8,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
34,
46
],
[
52,
64
]
],
"english": "The tender ginger is pungent, buy bitter melon, the bitter melon is bitter, buy hog maw",
"ref": " 月光光 (a nursery rhyme)",
"roman": "zi² goeng¹ laat⁶, maai⁵ pou⁴ daat⁶, pou⁴ daat⁶ fu², maai⁵ zyu¹ tou⁵",
"tags": [
"Jyutping",
"Cantonese",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"text": "子姜辣，买菩荙，菩荙苦，买猪肚",
"translation": "The tender ginger is pungent, buy bitter melon, the bitter melon is bitter, buy hog maw",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bitter melon"
],
"id": "en-菩薘-zh-noun-erXg-6nl",
"links": [
[
"bitter melon",
"bitter melon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Cantonese, dated) bitter melon"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Written-vernacular-Chinese"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Taxonomic name"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Beijing"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Beijing"
],
"word": "癩瓜兒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Langfang"
],
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Chengde"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Chifeng"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Hulunbuir",
"Hailar"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Heihe"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Qiqihar"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Harbin"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Harbin"
],
"word": "癩瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Jiamusi"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Baicheng"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Changchun"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Changchun"
],
"word": "癩瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Tonghua"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Shenyang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Shenyang"
],
"word": "癩瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Jinzhou"
],
"word": "癩瓜兒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Malaysia"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Tianjin"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Tangshan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Tangshan"
],
"word": "癩不頭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Cangzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Baoding"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Shijiazhuang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Lijin"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Jinan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jiaoliao-Mandarin",
"Dalian"
],
"word": "癩瓜兒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jiaoliao-Mandarin",
"Dandong"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jiaoliao-Mandarin",
"Yantai"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jiaoliao-Mandarin",
"Qingdao"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jiaoliao-Mandarin",
"Zhucheng"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Luoyang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Lingbao"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Jining"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Daming"
],
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Linfen"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Shangqiu"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Yuanyang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Zhengzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Xinyang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Baihe"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Xi'an"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Baoji"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Tianshui"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Xining"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Xuzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Fuyang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lanyin-Mandarin",
"Yinchuan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lanyin-Mandarin",
"Lanzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lanyin-Mandarin",
"Dunhuang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lanyin-Mandarin",
"Hami"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lanyin-Mandarin",
"Ürümqi"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Nanchong"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Dazhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Hanyuan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Xichang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Zigong"
],
"word": "苦瓜兒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Chongqing"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Wuhan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Yichang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Xiangyang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Tianmen"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Tianmen"
],
"word": "苦瓜子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Guiyang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Zunyi"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Bijie"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Liping"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Zhaotong"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Dali"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Kunming"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Mengzi"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Guilin"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Liuzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Jishou"
],
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Changde"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Hanzhong"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Nanjing"
],
"word": "癩葡萄"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Nanjing"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Yangzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Yangzhou"
],
"word": "癩葡萄"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Lianyungang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Lianshui"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Nantong"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Anqing"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Wuhu"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Hefei"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Hong'an"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"dated"
],
"word": "涼瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"dated"
],
"word": "涼瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Zengcheng"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Kaiping",
"Chikan"
],
"word": "涼瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Dongguan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Dongguan"
],
"word": "涼瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yangjiang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Nanning"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wuzhou"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Yulin"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hepu",
"Lianzhou"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pengze"
],
"tags": [
"Gan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Lichuan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Pingxiang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Zhengguo"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Guangzhou",
"Zengcheng"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yudu"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"N. Sixian"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"S. Sixian"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Pingtung",
"Neipu"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wuluo",
"Ligang",
"S. Sixian"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Pingtung"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"S. Sixian"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Kaohsiung",
"Meinong"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Shanlin",
"S. Sixian"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Kaohsiung"
],
"word": "苦瓜仔"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hsinchu County"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Zhudong",
"Hailu"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Taichung",
"Dongshi",
"Dabu"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hsinchu County"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Qionglin",
"Raoping"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yunlin",
"Lunbei",
"Zhao'an"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Daqiao"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Luchuan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Huizhou",
"Shexian"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Yangyuan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Datong"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Xinzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Lüliang"
],
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Lishi"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Changzhi"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Linhe"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Jining"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Hohhot"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Erenhot"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Pingshan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Zhangjiakou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Handan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Linzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Suide"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Bei",
"Jian'ou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Fuzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Fuqing"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Dong"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Zhao'an"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"New Taipei",
"Tamsui"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"New Taipei",
"Sanxia"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"New Taipei",
"Pingxi"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Kaohsiung"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Cijin"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Kaohsiung"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Siaogang"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Kaohsiung",
"Hongmaogang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Siaogang"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Kaohsiung",
"Dalinpu"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Tianliao"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Kaohsiung"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Luodong"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Yilan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Toucheng"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Yilan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Tainan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Anping"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Tainan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Kinmen"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Penghu",
"Magong"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Penghu",
"Xiyu"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Penang",
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Singapore",
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Zhangping",
"Yongfu"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Datian"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pingnan",
"Shangdu"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Haifeng"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Haikou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Puxian Min",
"Putian",
"Donghai",
"Chengxiang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Central Min",
"Yong'an"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Sanxiang",
"Zhongshan-Min"
],
"tags": [
"Zhongshan"
],
"word": "菩督"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southern-Pinghua",
"Nanning",
"Tingzi"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Northern Pinghua",
"Dahe"
],
"tags": [
"Guilin"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Songjiang"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "金蓮子"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Jiading"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "錦荔子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Suzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Danyang"
],
"word": "癩葡萄瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Hangzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Ningbo"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Wenzhou"
],
"word": "紅瓤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Jinhua"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Changsha"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Loudi"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hengyang"
],
"tags": [
"Xiang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
}
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"dated"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "púdá"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄆㄨˊ ㄉㄚˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "pou⁴ daat⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "púdá"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄆㄨˊ ㄉㄚˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "púdá"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "pʻu²-ta²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "pú-dá"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "pwudar"
},
{
"roman": "puda",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "пуда"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰu³⁵ tä³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "pou⁴ daat⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "pòuh daaht"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "pou⁴ daat⁹"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "pou⁴ dad⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰou̯²¹ taːt̚²/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
}
],
"word": "菩薘"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "*菩提",
"2": "bodhi"
},
"expansion": "菩提 (“bodhi”)",
"name": "zh-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*菩提瓜",
"2": "bitter gourd"
},
"expansion": "菩提瓜 (“bitter gourd”)",
"name": "zh-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly related to 菩提 (“bodhi”); compare the now-dated name 菩提瓜 (“bitter gourd”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "菩荙",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "菩達",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Traditional-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "菩达",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "蒲達",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Traditional-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "蒲达",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "葡達",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Traditional-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "葡达",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "菩突",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "蒲突",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "菩薘",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese Chinese",
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese nouns",
"Cantonese terms with quotations",
"Chinese dated terms",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 菩",
"Chinese terms spelled with 薘",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
24,
34
],
[
36,
46
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
],
[
8,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
34,
46
],
[
52,
64
]
],
"english": "The tender ginger is pungent, buy bitter melon, the bitter melon is bitter, buy hog maw",
"ref": " 月光光 (a nursery rhyme)",
"roman": "zi² goeng¹ laat⁶, maai⁵ pou⁴ daat⁶, pou⁴ daat⁶ fu², maai⁵ zyu¹ tou⁵",
"tags": [
"Jyutping",
"Cantonese",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "子薑辣，買菩薘，菩薘苦，買豬肚",
"translation": "The tender ginger is pungent, buy bitter melon, the bitter melon is bitter, buy hog maw",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
24,
34
],
[
36,
46
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
7
],
[
8,
10
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
34,
46
],
[
52,
64
]
],
"english": "The tender ginger is pungent, buy bitter melon, the bitter melon is bitter, buy hog maw",
"ref": " 月光光 (a nursery rhyme)",
"roman": "zi² goeng¹ laat⁶, maai⁵ pou⁴ daat⁶, pou⁴ daat⁶ fu², maai⁵ zyu¹ tou⁵",
"tags": [
"Jyutping",
"Cantonese",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"text": "子姜辣，买菩荙，菩荙苦，买猪肚",
"translation": "The tender ginger is pungent, buy bitter melon, the bitter melon is bitter, buy hog maw",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bitter melon"
],
"links": [
[
"bitter melon",
"bitter melon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly Cantonese, dated) bitter melon"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"dated"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "púdá"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄆㄨˊ ㄉㄚˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "pou⁴ daat⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "púdá"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄆㄨˊ ㄉㄚˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "púdá"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "pʻu²-ta²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "pú-dá"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "pwudar"
},
{
"roman": "puda",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "пуда"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰu³⁵ tä³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "pou⁴ daat⁶"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "pòuh daaht"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "pou⁴ daat⁹"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "pou⁴ dad⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/pʰou̯²¹ taːt̚²/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"formal",
"Written-vernacular-Chinese"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Taxonomic name"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Beijing"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Beijing"
],
"word": "癩瓜兒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Langfang"
],
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Chengde"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Chifeng"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Hulunbuir",
"Hailar"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Heihe"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Qiqihar"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Harbin"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Harbin"
],
"word": "癩瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Jiamusi"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Baicheng"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Changchun"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Changchun"
],
"word": "癩瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Tonghua"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Shenyang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Shenyang"
],
"word": "癩瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Jinzhou"
],
"word": "癩瓜兒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Malaysia"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Singapore"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Tianjin"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Tangshan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Tangshan"
],
"word": "癩不頭"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Cangzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Baoding"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Shijiazhuang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Lijin"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jilu-Mandarin",
"Jinan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jiaoliao-Mandarin",
"Dalian"
],
"word": "癩瓜兒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jiaoliao-Mandarin",
"Dandong"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jiaoliao-Mandarin",
"Yantai"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jiaoliao-Mandarin",
"Qingdao"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jiaoliao-Mandarin",
"Zhucheng"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Luoyang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Lingbao"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Jining"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Daming"
],
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Linfen"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Shangqiu"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Yuanyang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Zhengzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Xinyang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Baihe"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Xi'an"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Baoji"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Tianshui"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Xining"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Xuzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin",
"Fuyang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lanyin-Mandarin",
"Yinchuan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lanyin-Mandarin",
"Lanzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lanyin-Mandarin",
"Dunhuang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lanyin-Mandarin",
"Hami"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Lanyin-Mandarin",
"Ürümqi"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Chengdu"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Nanchong"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Dazhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Hanyuan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Xichang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Zigong"
],
"word": "苦瓜兒"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Chongqing"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Wuhan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Yichang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Xiangyang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Tianmen"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Tianmen"
],
"word": "苦瓜子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Guiyang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Zunyi"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Bijie"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Liping"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Zhaotong"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Dali"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Kunming"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Mengzi"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Guilin"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Liuzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Jishou"
],
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Changde"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southwestern-Mandarin",
"Hanzhong"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Nanjing"
],
"word": "癩葡萄"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Nanjing"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Yangzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Yangzhou"
],
"word": "癩葡萄"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Lianyungang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Lianshui"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Nantong"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Anqing"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Wuhu"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Hefei"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jianghuai-Mandarin",
"Hong'an"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"dated"
],
"word": "涼瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"dated"
],
"word": "涼瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Zengcheng"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Kaiping",
"Chikan"
],
"word": "涼瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Dongguan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Dongguan"
],
"word": "涼瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yangjiang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Nanning"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wuzhou"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Yulin"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hepu",
"Lianzhou"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pengze"
],
"tags": [
"Gan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Lichuan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Pingxiang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Zhengguo"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Guangzhou",
"Zengcheng"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yudu"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"N. Sixian"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"S. Sixian"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Pingtung",
"Neipu"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wuluo",
"Ligang",
"S. Sixian"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Pingtung"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"S. Sixian"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Kaohsiung",
"Meinong"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Shanlin",
"S. Sixian"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Kaohsiung"
],
"word": "苦瓜仔"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hsinchu County"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Zhudong",
"Hailu"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Taichung",
"Dongshi",
"Dabu"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hsinchu County"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Qionglin",
"Raoping"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yunlin",
"Lunbei",
"Zhao'an"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Daqiao"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Luchuan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Huizhou",
"Shexian"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Taiyuan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Yangyuan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Datong"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Xinzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Lüliang"
],
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Lishi"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Changzhi"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Linhe"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Jining"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Hohhot"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Erenhot"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Pingshan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Zhangjiakou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Handan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Linzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Jin",
"Suide"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Bei",
"Jian'ou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Fuzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Fuqing"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Dong"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Xiamen"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Zhao'an"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"New Taipei",
"Tamsui"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"New Taipei",
"Sanxia"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"New Taipei",
"Pingxi"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Kaohsiung"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Cijin"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Kaohsiung"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Siaogang"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Kaohsiung",
"Hongmaogang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Siaogang"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Kaohsiung",
"Dalinpu"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Tianliao"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Kaohsiung"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Luodong"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Yilan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Toucheng"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Yilan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Tainan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Anping"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Tainan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Kinmen"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Penghu",
"Magong"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Penghu",
"Xiyu"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Penang",
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Singapore",
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Zhangping",
"Yongfu"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Datian"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Pingnan",
"Shangdu"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Haifeng"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Haikou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Puxian Min",
"Putian",
"Donghai",
"Chengxiang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Central Min",
"Yong'an"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Sanxiang",
"Zhongshan-Min"
],
"tags": [
"Zhongshan"
],
"word": "菩督"
},
{
"tags": [
"Southern-Pinghua",
"Nanning",
"Tingzi"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Northern Pinghua",
"Dahe"
],
"tags": [
"Guilin"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Songjiang"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "金蓮子"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Jiading"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "錦荔子"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Suzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Danyang"
],
"word": "癩葡萄瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Hangzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Ningbo"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Wenzhou"
],
"word": "紅瓤"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Jinhua"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Changsha"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Loudi"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hengyang"
],
"tags": [
"Xiang"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
},
{
"tags": [
"Xiang",
"Quanzhou"
],
"word": "苦瓜"
}
],
"word": "菩薘"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 菩薘 meaning in Chinese (16.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (ffdbfc3 and b9346a0). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.