"恭敬" meaning in Chinese

See 恭敬 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /kʊŋ⁵⁵ kɪŋ³³/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /kuŋ⁴² t͡ɕin²/ [Gan, Nanchang, Sinological-IPA], /kyŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋɛiŋ²¹³/ [Fuzhou, Sinological-IPA], /kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ²¹/ [Hokkien, Xiamen], /kiɔŋ³³ kiɪŋ⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ²¹/ [Hokkien, Zhangzhou], /kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ¹¹/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ²¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /kioŋ³³⁻²³ keŋ²¹³/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/, /kʊŋ⁵⁵ kɪŋ³³/, /kuŋ⁴² t͡ɕin²/, /kyŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋɛiŋ²¹³/, /kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ²¹/, /kiɔŋ³³ kiɪŋ⁴¹/, /kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ²¹/, /kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ¹¹/, /kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ²¹/, /kioŋ³³⁻²³ keŋ²¹³/ Chinese transliterations: gōngjìng [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄍㄨㄥ ㄐㄧㄥˋ [Mandarin, bopomofo], gung¹ ging³ [Cantonese, Jyutping], gung¹ jin [Gan, Wiktionary-specific], gṳ̆ng-géng, kiong-kèng [Hokkien, POJ], giong¹ gêng³ [Peng'im, Teochew], gōngjìng [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], gongjìng [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], kung¹-ching⁴ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], gūng-jìng [Mandarin, Yale], gongjinq [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], гунцзин [Mandarin, Palladius], gunczin [Mandarin, Palladius], gūng ging [Cantonese, Yale], gung¹ ging³ [Cantonese, Pinyin], gung¹ ging³ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], gung¹ jin [Gan, Nanchang, Wiktionary-specific], gṳ̆ng-géng [Foochow-Romanized, Fuzhou], kiong-kìng [Hokkien, Tai-lo], kiongkexng [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], kiong kèng [POJ, Teochew], kjowng kjaengH [Middle-Chinese], /*koŋ kreŋ(ʔ)-s/ [Baxter-Sagart, Old-Chinese], /*kloŋ kreŋs/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang]
Head templates: {{head|zh|adjective}} 恭敬
  1. respectful; deferential Derived forms: 恭恭敬敬 (gōnggōngjìngjìng), 恭敬不如從命, 恭敬不如从命 Related terms: 恭謹 (gōngjǐn), 恭谨 (gōngjǐn), 謹慎 (jǐnshèn), 谨慎 (jǐnshèn)
    Sense id: en-恭敬-zh-adj-l8rhvCNa Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Synonyms: 恭順 (gōngshùn), 恭顺 (gōngshùn), (jìng) [in-compounds, literary], 敬虔 (jìngqián), 莊嚴 (zhuāngyán), 庄严 (zhuāngyán), 莊敬 (zhuāngjìng) [literary], 庄敬 (zhuāngjìng) [literary], 虔恪 (qiánkè) [literary], 虔敬 (qiánjìng), 虔誠 (qiánchéng), 虔诚 (qiánchéng)
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "恭敬"
          },
          "expansion": "恭敬",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "恭%敬",
            "2": "きょう%けい",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "恭(きょう)敬(けい) (kyōkei)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "恭%敬",
            "2": "く%ぎょう",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "恭(く)敬(ぎょう) (kugyō)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "공경(恭敬)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 공경(恭敬) (gonggyeong)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "恭敬",
            "2": "きょう%けい",
            "3": "공경",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "恭敬",
            "j2": "く%ぎょう",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "恭敬",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "恭%敬",
            "v": "恭敬",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (恭敬):\n* → Japanese: 恭(きょう)敬(けい) (kyōkei); 恭(く)敬(ぎょう) (kugyō)\n* → Korean: 공경(恭敬) (gonggyeong)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "きょう%けい",
            "3": "공경",
            "j": "恭%敬",
            "j2": "く%ぎょう"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (恭敬):\n* → Japanese: 恭(きょう)敬(けい) (kyōkei); 恭(く)敬(ぎょう) (kugyō)\n* → Korean: 공경(恭敬) (gonggyeong)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (恭敬):\n* → Japanese: 恭(きょう)敬(けい) (kyōkei); 恭(く)敬(ぎょう) (kugyō)\n* → Korean: 공경(恭敬) (gonggyeong)"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "恭敬",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "gōnggōngjìngjìng",
          "word": "恭恭敬敬"
        },
        {
          "word": "恭敬不如從命"
        },
        {
          "word": "恭敬不如从命"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "raw_tags": [
            "Pre-Classical Chinese",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "ref": " The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version",
          "roman": "Wéi sāng yǔ zǐ, bì gōngjìng zhǐ.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "維桑與梓,必恭敬止。",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "raw_tags": [
            "Pre-Classical Chinese",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "ref": " The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version",
          "roman": "Wéi sāng yǔ zǐ, bì gōngjìng zhǐ.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "维桑与梓,必恭敬止。",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "respectful; deferential"
      ],
      "id": "en-恭敬-zh-adj-l8rhvCNa",
      "links": [
        [
          "respectful",
          "respectful"
        ],
        [
          "deferential",
          "deferential"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "roman": "gōngjǐn",
          "word": "恭謹"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gōngjǐn",
          "word": "恭谨"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jǐnshèn",
          "word": "謹慎"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jǐnshèn",
          "word": "谨慎"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "roman": "gōngshùn",
          "word": "恭順"
        },
        {
          "roman": "gōngshùn",
          "word": "恭顺"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jìng",
          "tags": [
            "in-compounds",
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "敬"
        },
        {
          "roman": "jìngqián",
          "word": "敬虔"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zhuāngyán",
          "word": "莊嚴"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zhuāngyán",
          "word": "庄严"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zhuāngjìng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "莊敬"
        },
        {
          "roman": "zhuāngjìng",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "庄敬"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qiánkè",
          "tags": [
            "literary"
          ],
          "word": "虔恪"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qiánjìng",
          "word": "虔敬"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qiánchéng",
          "word": "虔誠"
        },
        {
          "roman": "qiánchéng",
          "word": "虔诚"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gōngjìng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄍㄨㄥ ㄐㄧㄥˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung¹ ging³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung¹ jin"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "gṳ̆ng-géng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiong-kèng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "giong¹ gêng³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gōngjìng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gongjìng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kung¹-ching⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gūng-jìng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gongjinq"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "гунцзин"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gunczin"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gūng ging"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung¹ ging³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung¹ ging³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kɪŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung¹ jin"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuŋ⁴² t͡ɕin²/",
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gṳ̆ng-géng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kyŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋɛiŋ²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiong-kìng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiongkexng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ³³ kiɪŋ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiong kèng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kioŋ³³⁻²³ keŋ²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kjowng kjaengH"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*koŋ kreŋ(ʔ)-s/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*kloŋ kreŋs/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kɪŋ³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuŋ⁴² t͡ɕin²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kyŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋɛiŋ²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ³³ kiɪŋ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kioŋ³³⁻²³ keŋ²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*koŋ kreŋ(ʔ)-s/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*kloŋ kreŋs/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "恭敬"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "gōnggōngjìngjìng",
      "word": "恭恭敬敬"
    },
    {
      "word": "恭敬不如從命"
    },
    {
      "word": "恭敬不如从命"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 0,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zh",
            "2": "恭敬"
          },
          "expansion": "恭敬",
          "name": "lang"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ja",
            "2": "-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Japanese:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "恭%敬",
            "2": "きょう%けい",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "恭(きょう)敬(けい) (kyōkei)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "恭%敬",
            "2": "く%ぎょう",
            "gloss": ""
          },
          "expansion": "恭(く)敬(ぎょう) (kugyō)",
          "name": "ja-r"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ko",
            "2": "공경(恭敬)",
            "3": "",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "",
            "t2": "",
            "t3": "",
            "t4": ""
          },
          "expansion": "→ Korean: 공경(恭敬) (gonggyeong)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "恭敬",
            "2": "きょう%けい",
            "3": "공경",
            "4": "",
            "5": "",
            "6": "",
            "h": "恭敬",
            "j2": "く%ぎょう",
            "j2t": "",
            "j3": "",
            "j3t": "",
            "j4": "",
            "j4t": "",
            "jdesc": "",
            "jje2": "",
            "jje2t": "",
            "jje3": "",
            "jje3t": "",
            "jje4": "",
            "jje4t": "",
            "jjedesc": "",
            "jjet": "",
            "jt": "",
            "k2": "",
            "k2t": "",
            "k3": "",
            "k3t": "",
            "k4": "",
            "k4t": "",
            "kdesc": "",
            "kt": "",
            "o": "恭敬",
            "o2": "",
            "o2t": "",
            "o3": "",
            "o3t": "",
            "o4": "",
            "o4t": "",
            "odesc": "",
            "ot": "",
            "s": "恭%敬",
            "v": "恭敬",
            "v2": "",
            "v2t": "",
            "v3": "",
            "v3t": "",
            "v4": "",
            "v4t": "",
            "vdesc": "",
            "vt": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (恭敬):\n* → Japanese: 恭(きょう)敬(けい) (kyōkei); 恭(く)敬(ぎょう) (kugyō)\n* → Korean: 공경(恭敬) (gonggyeong)",
          "name": "CJKV/code"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "",
            "2": "きょう%けい",
            "3": "공경",
            "j": "恭%敬",
            "j2": "く%ぎょう"
          },
          "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (恭敬):\n* → Japanese: 恭(きょう)敬(けい) (kyōkei); 恭(く)敬(ぎょう) (kugyō)\n* → Korean: 공경(恭敬) (gonggyeong)",
          "name": "CJKV"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Sino-Xenic (恭敬):\n* → Japanese: 恭(きょう)敬(けい) (kyōkei); 恭(く)敬(ぎょう) (kugyō)\n* → Korean: 공경(恭敬) (gonggyeong)"
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "恭敬",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "gōngjǐn",
      "word": "恭謹"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gōngjǐn",
      "word": "恭谨"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jǐnshèn",
      "word": "謹慎"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jǐnshèn",
      "word": "谨慎"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Advanced Mandarin",
        "Cantonese adjectives",
        "Cantonese lemmas",
        "Cantonese terms with audio pronunciation",
        "Chinese adjectives",
        "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chinese lemmas",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 恭",
        "Chinese terms spelled with 敬",
        "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Eastern Min adjectives",
        "Eastern Min lemmas",
        "Gan adjectives",
        "Gan lemmas",
        "Hokkien adjectives",
        "Hokkien lemmas",
        "Literary Chinese terms with quotations",
        "Mandarin adjectives",
        "Mandarin lemmas",
        "Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation",
        "Middle Chinese adjectives",
        "Middle Chinese lemmas",
        "Old Chinese adjectives",
        "Old Chinese lemmas",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Requests for translations of Literary Chinese usage examples",
        "Teochew adjectives",
        "Teochew lemmas"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "raw_tags": [
            "Pre-Classical Chinese",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "ref": " The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version",
          "roman": "Wéi sāng yǔ zǐ, bì gōngjìng zhǐ.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "維桑與梓,必恭敬止。",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "raw_tags": [
            "Pre-Classical Chinese",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "ref": " The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version",
          "roman": "Wéi sāng yǔ zǐ, bì gōngjìng zhǐ.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin"
          ],
          "text": "维桑与梓,必恭敬止。",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "respectful; deferential"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "respectful",
          "respectful"
        ],
        [
          "deferential",
          "deferential"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gōngjìng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄍㄨㄥ ㄐㄧㄥˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung¹ ging³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung¹ jin"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "gṳ̆ng-géng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiong-kèng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "giong¹ gêng³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gōngjìng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gongjìng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kung¹-ching⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gūng-jìng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gongjinq"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "гунцзин"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gunczin"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gūng ging"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung¹ ging³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung¹ ging³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kɪŋ³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Wiktionary-specific"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gung¹ jin"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuŋ⁴² t͡ɕin²/",
      "tags": [
        "Gan",
        "Nanchang",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gṳ̆ng-géng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kyŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋɛiŋ²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiong-kìng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiongkexng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ³³ kiɪŋ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kiong kèng"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kioŋ³³⁻²³ keŋ²¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kjowng kjaengH"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*koŋ kreŋ(ʔ)-s/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*kloŋ kreŋs/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kɪŋ³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kuŋ⁴² t͡ɕin²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kyŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋɛiŋ²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ³³ kiɪŋ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɪŋ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ¹¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪŋ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kioŋ³³⁻²³ keŋ²¹³/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*koŋ kreŋ(ʔ)-s/"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*kloŋ kreŋs/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "gōngshùn",
      "word": "恭順"
    },
    {
      "roman": "gōngshùn",
      "word": "恭顺"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jìng",
      "tags": [
        "in-compounds",
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "敬"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jìngqián",
      "word": "敬虔"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhuāngyán",
      "word": "莊嚴"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhuāngyán",
      "word": "庄严"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhuāngjìng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "莊敬"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zhuāngjìng",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "庄敬"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiánkè",
      "tags": [
        "literary"
      ],
      "word": "虔恪"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiánjìng",
      "word": "虔敬"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiánchéng",
      "word": "虔誠"
    },
    {
      "roman": "qiánchéng",
      "word": "虔诚"
    }
  ],
  "word": "恭敬"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 恭敬 meaning in Chinese (7.3kB)

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  "path": [
    "恭敬"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "恭敬",
  "trace": ""
}

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  "path": [
    "恭敬"
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  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "恭敬",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
  "path": [
    "恭敬"
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  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "恭敬",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "恭敬"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "恭敬",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "恭敬"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "恭敬",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "page/2196",
  "msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E8%8E%8A%E5%9A%B4'], ['edit']){} >",
  "path": [
    "恭敬"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "恭敬",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.