See 嗯 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 嗯 meaning in Chinese (13.3kB)
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "嗯",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 20 25 18 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used as an interjection to express doubt or curiosity."
],
"id": "en-嗯-zh-character-oksjMyMo"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ńg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ń"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "én"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "éng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "n²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "en²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "eng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㆭˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄯˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄣˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄥˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "ng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ńg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ńg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ńg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ng2"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "н"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "n"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋ̍³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ń"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ń"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "n²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ń"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "n2"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "нь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "nʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/n̩³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "én"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "én"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ên²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "én"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ern"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "энь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "enʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "éng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "éng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "êng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "éng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "erng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "эн"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ńg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ng²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋ̍³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋ̍³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/n̩³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋ̍³⁵/"
}
],
"word": "嗯"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "嗯",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 20 25 18 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used as an interjection to express surprise."
],
"id": "en-嗯-zh-character-1beI-qe9"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ňg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ň"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ěn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ěng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ng³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "n³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "en³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "eng³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "en⁵／en⁰"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㆭˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄯˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄣˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄥˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "˙ㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ňg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ňg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ng³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ňg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ng3"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "н"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "n"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋ̍²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ň"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ň"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "n³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ň"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "n3"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "нь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "nʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/n̩²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ěn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ěn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ên³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ěn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "een"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "энь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "enʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ěng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ěng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "êng³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ěng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "eeng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "эн"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤŋ²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "e̊n"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ên⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": ".en"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋ̍²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/n̩²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤŋ²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən/"
}
],
"word": "嗯"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "嗯",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 20 25 18 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used as an interjection to express agreement or pledge."
],
"id": "en-嗯-zh-character-sVtGNrh7"
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "yìng",
"word": "硬"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 20 25 18 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of 硬 (yìng)"
],
"id": "en-嗯-zh-character--VqhShQM",
"links": [
[
"硬",
"硬#Chinese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ǹg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ǹ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "èn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "èng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "n⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "en⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "eng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "en⁵／en⁰"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㆭˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄯˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄣˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄥˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "˙ㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "ng⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ǹg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ǹg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ǹg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ng4"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "н"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "n"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋ̍⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ǹ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ǹ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "n⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ǹ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "n4"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "нь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "nʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/n̩⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "èn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "èn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ên⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "èn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "enn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "энь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "enʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "èng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "èng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "êng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "èng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "enq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "эн"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤŋ⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "e̊n"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ên⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": ".en"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ngh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ng⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ng⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋ̍²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋ̍⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/n̩⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤŋ⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋ̍²²/"
}
],
"word": "嗯"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "嗯",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese onomatopoeias",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 20 25 18 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "嗯哎"
},
{
"roman": "n̄na",
"word": "嗯哪"
},
{
"word": "嗯啊"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A groaning sound."
],
"id": "en-嗯-zh-character-t3ACLbC6",
"links": [
[
"onomatopoeia",
"onomatopoeia"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(onomatopoeia) A groaning sound."
],
"tags": [
"onomatopoeic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ēn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ēng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "en¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "eng¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄥ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ēn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ên¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ēn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "энь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "enʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ēng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "eng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "êng¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ēng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "eng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "эн"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤŋ⁵⁵/"
}
],
"word": "嗯"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese interjections",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "嗯",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used as an interjection to express doubt or curiosity."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ńg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ń"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "én"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "éng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "n²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "en²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "eng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㆭˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄯˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄣˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄥˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "ng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ńg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ńg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ńg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ng2"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "н"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "n"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋ̍³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ń"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ń"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "n²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ń"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "n2"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "нь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "nʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/n̩³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "én"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "én"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ên²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "én"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ern"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "энь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "enʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "éng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "éng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "êng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "éng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "erng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "эн"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤŋ³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ńg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ng²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ng²"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋ̍³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋ̍³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/n̩³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤŋ³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋ̍³⁵/"
}
],
"word": "嗯"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese interjections",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "嗯",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used as an interjection to express surprise."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ňg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ň"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ěn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ěng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ng³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "n³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "en³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "eng³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "en⁵／en⁰"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㆭˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄯˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄣˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄥˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "˙ㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ňg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ňg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ng³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ňg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ng3"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "н"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "n"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋ̍²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ň"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ň"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "n³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ň"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "n3"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "нь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "nʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/n̩²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ěn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ěn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ên³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ěn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "een"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "энь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "enʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ěng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ěng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "êng³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ěng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "eeng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "эн"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤŋ²¹⁴/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "e̊n"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ên⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": ".en"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋ̍²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/n̩²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤŋ²¹⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən/"
}
],
"word": "嗯"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese interjections",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "嗯",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used as an interjection to express agreement or pledge."
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "yìng",
"word": "硬"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of 硬 (yìng)"
],
"links": [
[
"硬",
"硬#Chinese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ǹg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ǹ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "èn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "èng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "n⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "en⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "eng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "en⁵／en⁰"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㆭˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄯˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄣˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄥˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "˙ㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "ng⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ǹg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ǹg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ǹg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ng4"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "н"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "n"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋ̍⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ǹ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ǹ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "n⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ǹ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "n4"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "нь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "nʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/n̩⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "èn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "èn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ên⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "èn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "enn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "энь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "enʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "èng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "èng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "êng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "èng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "enq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "эн"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤŋ⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "e̊n"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ên⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": ".en"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ngh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ng⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ng⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋ̍²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋ̍⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/n̩⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤŋ⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋ̍²²/"
}
],
"word": "嗯"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese interjections",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "嗯哎"
},
{
"roman": "n̄na",
"word": "嗯哪"
},
{
"word": "嗯啊"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "嗯",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese onomatopoeias"
],
"glosses": [
"A groaning sound."
],
"links": [
[
"onomatopoeia",
"onomatopoeia"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(onomatopoeia) A groaning sound."
],
"tags": [
"onomatopoeic"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ēn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "ēng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "en¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "eng¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄥ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ēn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "ên¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ēn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "энь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "enʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ēng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "eng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "êng¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ēng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "eng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "эн"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "en"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀən⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤŋ⁵⁵/"
}
],
"word": "嗯"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"嗯"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "嗯",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"嗯"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "嗯",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"嗯"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "嗯",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"嗯"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "嗯",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"嗯"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "嗯",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"嗯"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "嗯",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.