See 叢林 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "功德叢林"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "功德丛林"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "cónglín dàishǔ",
"word": "叢林袋鼠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "cónglín dàishǔ",
"word": "丛林袋鼠"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shuǐní cónglín",
"word": "水泥叢林"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shuǐní cónglín",
"word": "水泥丛林"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "叢林"
},
"expansion": "叢林",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "叢林",
"2": "そうりん",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "叢林(そうりん) (sōrin)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "총림(叢林)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"id": "叢林",
"id2": "",
"id3": "",
"id4": "",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 총림(叢林) (chongnim)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "tùng lâm",
"bor": "1",
"id": "叢林",
"t": "",
"tr": "叢林"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: tùng lâm (叢林)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "叢林",
"2": "そうりん",
"3": "총림",
"4": "tùng lâm",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "叢林",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "叢林",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "叢林",
"v": "叢林",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (叢林):\n* → Japanese: 叢林(そうりん) (sōrin)\n* → Korean: 총림(叢林) (chongnim)\n* → Vietnamese: tùng lâm (叢林)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "そうりん",
"3": "총림",
"4": "tùng lâm"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (叢林):\n* → Japanese: 叢林(そうりん) (sōrin)\n* → Korean: 총림(叢林) (chongnim)\n* → Vietnamese: tùng lâm (叢林)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (叢林):\n* → Japanese: 叢林(そうりん) (sōrin)\n* → Korean: 총림(叢林) (chongnim)\n* → Vietnamese: tùng lâm (叢林)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "丛林",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "叢林",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese nouns classified by 片",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"jungle; bush (Classifier: 片 m)"
],
"id": "en-叢林-zh-noun-POORfcj4",
"links": [
[
"jungle",
"jungle"
],
[
"bush",
"bush"
],
[
"片",
"片#Chinese"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese nouns classified by 座",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Buddhism",
"orig": "zh:Buddhism",
"parents": [
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 76",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Forests",
"orig": "zh:Forests",
"parents": [
"Places",
"Names",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Zen Buddhist monastery (Classifier: 座 m)"
],
"id": "en-叢林-zh-noun-zTkkE0ot",
"links": [
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
],
[
"Zen",
"Zen"
],
[
"Buddhist",
"Buddhist"
],
[
"monastery",
"monastery"
],
[
"座",
"座#Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, Buddhism) Zen Buddhist monastery (Classifier: 座 m)"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "cónglín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄘㄨㄥˊ ㄌㄧㄣˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "cung⁴ lam⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "duung³ lim³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "chông-lîm"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "cónglín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "cónglín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tsʻung²-lin²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "tsúng-lín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tsornglin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цунлинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "cunlinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰʊŋ³⁵ lin³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "cung⁴ lam⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "chùhng làhm"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tsung⁴ lam⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "cung⁴ lem⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ lɐm²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "duung³ lim³"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɵŋ²² lim²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chông-lîm"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsông-lîm"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zongliim"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɔŋ¹³⁻²² lim¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lim²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰʊŋ³⁵ lin³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ lɐm²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɵŋ²² lim²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɔŋ¹³⁻²² lim¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lim²⁴/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "dense forest",
"roman": "mìlín",
"word": "密林"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "dense forest",
"roman": "líncóng",
"word": "林叢"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "dense forest",
"roman": "líncóng",
"word": "林丛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "sēnlín",
"word": "森林"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shùlín",
"word": "樹林"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shùlín",
"word": "树林"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shùlínzi",
"word": "樹林子"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shùlínzi",
"word": "树林子"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "deep forest",
"roman": "shēnlín",
"word": "深林"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "rainforest",
"word": "雨林"
}
],
"word": "叢林"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 叢",
"Chinese terms spelled with 林",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Forests"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "功德叢林"
},
{
"word": "功德丛林"
},
{
"roman": "cónglín dàishǔ",
"word": "叢林袋鼠"
},
{
"roman": "cónglín dàishǔ",
"word": "丛林袋鼠"
},
{
"roman": "shuǐní cónglín",
"word": "水泥叢林"
},
{
"roman": "shuǐní cónglín",
"word": "水泥丛林"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "叢林"
},
"expansion": "叢林",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "叢林",
"2": "そうりん",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "叢林(そうりん) (sōrin)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "총림(叢林)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"id": "叢林",
"id2": "",
"id3": "",
"id4": "",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 총림(叢林) (chongnim)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "tùng lâm",
"bor": "1",
"id": "叢林",
"t": "",
"tr": "叢林"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: tùng lâm (叢林)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "叢林",
"2": "そうりん",
"3": "총림",
"4": "tùng lâm",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "叢林",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "叢林",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "叢林",
"v": "叢林",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (叢林):\n* → Japanese: 叢林(そうりん) (sōrin)\n* → Korean: 총림(叢林) (chongnim)\n* → Vietnamese: tùng lâm (叢林)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "そうりん",
"3": "총림",
"4": "tùng lâm"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (叢林):\n* → Japanese: 叢林(そうりん) (sōrin)\n* → Korean: 총림(叢林) (chongnim)\n* → Vietnamese: tùng lâm (叢林)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (叢林):\n* → Japanese: 叢林(そうりん) (sōrin)\n* → Korean: 총림(叢林) (chongnim)\n* → Vietnamese: tùng lâm (叢林)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "丛林",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "叢林",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese nouns classified by 片"
],
"glosses": [
"jungle; bush (Classifier: 片 m)"
],
"links": [
[
"jungle",
"jungle"
],
[
"bush",
"bush"
],
[
"片",
"片#Chinese"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese nouns classified by 座",
"Chinese terms with archaic senses",
"zh:Buddhism"
],
"glosses": [
"Zen Buddhist monastery (Classifier: 座 m)"
],
"links": [
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
],
[
"Zen",
"Zen"
],
[
"Buddhist",
"Buddhist"
],
[
"monastery",
"monastery"
],
[
"座",
"座#Chinese"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, Buddhism) Zen Buddhist monastery (Classifier: 座 m)"
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "cónglín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄘㄨㄥˊ ㄌㄧㄣˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "cung⁴ lam⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "duung³ lim³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "chông-lîm"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "cónglín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "cónglín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tsʻung²-lin²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "tsúng-lín"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tsornglin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цунлинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "cunlinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰʊŋ³⁵ lin³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "cung⁴ lam⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "chùhng làhm"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tsung⁴ lam⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "cung⁴ lem⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ lɐm²¹/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "duung³ lim³"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɵŋ²² lim²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "chông-lîm"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "tsông-lîm"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "zongliim"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɔŋ¹³⁻²² lim¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lim²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰʊŋ³⁵ lin³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ lɐm²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tɵŋ²² lim²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɔŋ¹³⁻²² lim¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɔŋ²⁴⁻²² lim²⁴/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "dense forest",
"roman": "mìlín",
"word": "密林"
},
{
"english": "dense forest",
"roman": "líncóng",
"word": "林叢"
},
{
"english": "dense forest",
"roman": "líncóng",
"word": "林丛"
},
{
"roman": "sēnlín",
"word": "森林"
},
{
"roman": "shùlín",
"word": "樹林"
},
{
"roman": "shùlín",
"word": "树林"
},
{
"roman": "shùlínzi",
"word": "樹林子"
},
{
"roman": "shùlínzi",
"word": "树林子"
},
{
"english": "deep forest",
"roman": "shēnlín",
"word": "深林"
},
{
"roman": "rainforest",
"word": "雨林"
}
],
"word": "叢林"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 叢林 meaning in Chinese (5.8kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"叢林"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "叢林",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"叢林"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "叢林",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"叢林"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "叢林",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
"path": [
"叢林"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "叢林",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/2196",
"msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97'], ['edit']){} >",
"path": [
"叢林"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "叢林",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (ee63ee9 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.