See ум in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "zaúmka",
"word": "зау́мка"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "naúm",
"word": "нау́м"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "naúmica",
"word": "нау́мица"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "nedoúmica",
"word": "недоу́мица"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "prezúmica",
"word": "презу́мица"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "priúmica",
"word": "приу́мица"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "rázum",
"word": "ра́зум"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "úmstvo",
"tags": [
"abstract"
],
"word": "у́мство"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "úmština",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
],
"word": "у́мщина"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "úmen",
"word": "у́мен"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "umovít",
"word": "умови́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "uméja",
"tags": [
"stative"
],
"word": "уме́я"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "umúvam",
"tags": [
"iterative"
],
"word": "уму́вам"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*umъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *umъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *umъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "um",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ум",
"roman": "um",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "умове́",
"roman": "umové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "умъ́т",
"roman": "umǎ́t",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "умове́те",
"roman": "umovéte",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "ума́",
"roman": "umá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"objective",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "умове́те",
"roman": "umovéte",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"objective",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"count-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "у́ма",
"roman": "úma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"count-form",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ум",
"2": "m"
},
"expansion": "ум • (um) m",
"name": "bg-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ум<b>"
},
"name": "bg-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
11,
15
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
8,
10
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
10
]
],
"english": "to have in mind",
"roman": "imam na um",
"text": "имам на ум",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
21,
25
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
23,
25
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
24
]
],
"english": "to come to someone's mind",
"roman": "idva/doižda njakomu na um",
"text": "идва/доижда някому на ум",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
24,
28
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
20,
23
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
22
]
],
"english": "to go through someone's mind",
"roman": "minava njakomu prez uma",
"text": "минава някому през ума",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
17,
21
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
11,
14
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
14
]
],
"english": "to self-reflect",
"literal_meaning": "to collect one's mind",
"roman": "sǎbiram si uma",
"text": "събирам си ума",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
18,
22
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
17,
20
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
19
]
],
"english": "to overawe, to bedazzle",
"literal_meaning": "to turn someone's mind around",
"roman": "zavǎrtam njakomu uma",
"text": "завъртам някому ума",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
17,
21
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
10
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
10
]
],
"english": "to be conscious",
"literal_meaning": "to be with one's mind",
"roman": "bida s uma si",
"text": "бида с ума си",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
6,
10
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
9
]
],
"english": "clear mind",
"roman": "bistǎr um",
"text": "бистър ум",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
6,
10
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
6,
8
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
8
]
],
"english": "sharp mind",
"roman": "ostǎr um",
"text": "остър ум",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mind, nous (center of mentality)"
],
"id": "en-ум-bg-noun-7ETgg4HQ",
"links": [
[
"mind",
"mind"
],
[
"nous",
"nous"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ра́зум"
},
{
"word": "акъ́л"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 17 29 1 1 2 3 1 1 3 35 1 1 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 26 27 1 1 2 2 1 1 3 33 1 1 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 77",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "bg",
"name": "Thinking",
"orig": "bg:Thinking",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
10,
19
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
9
]
],
"english": "to think/contemplate over something",
"literal_meaning": "to invest intellect into something",
"roman": "vlagam um v nešto",
"text": "влагам ум в нещо",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
16,
20
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
14,
16
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
15
]
],
"english": "to advice someone",
"literal_meaning": "to give someone wits",
"roman": "davam njakomu um",
"text": "давам някому ум",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
10,
16
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
21,
25
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
24
]
],
"english": "not to comprehend, grasp something",
"literal_meaning": "someone's brains does not hold up something",
"roman": "njakomu ne mu pobira umǎt nešto",
"text": "някому не му побира умът нещо",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"intellect, wits, brains, brainpower, grey cells (capacity for reason and judgement)"
],
"id": "en-ум-bg-noun-wO6pK0hi",
"links": [
[
"intellect",
"intellect"
],
[
"wits",
"wits"
],
[
"brains",
"brains"
],
[
"brainpower",
"brainpower"
],
[
"grey cells",
"grey cells"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "интеле́кт"
},
{
"word": "разсъ́дък"
},
{
"word": "ми́съл"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[um]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bg:ум"
],
"word": "ум"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bulgarian lemmas",
"Bulgarian masculine nouns",
"Bulgarian nouns",
"Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Bulgarian terms with redundant head parameter",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Bulgarian/um",
"Rhymes:Bulgarian/um/1 syllable",
"bg:Thinking"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "zaúmka",
"word": "зау́мка"
},
{
"roman": "naúm",
"word": "нау́м"
},
{
"roman": "naúmica",
"word": "нау́мица"
},
{
"roman": "nedoúmica",
"word": "недоу́мица"
},
{
"roman": "prezúmica",
"word": "презу́мица"
},
{
"roman": "priúmica",
"word": "приу́мица"
},
{
"roman": "rázum",
"word": "ра́зум"
},
{
"roman": "úmstvo",
"tags": [
"abstract"
],
"word": "у́мство"
},
{
"roman": "úmština",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
],
"word": "у́мщина"
},
{
"roman": "úmen",
"word": "у́мен"
},
{
"roman": "umovít",
"word": "умови́т"
},
{
"roman": "uméja",
"tags": [
"stative"
],
"word": "уме́я"
},
{
"roman": "umúvam",
"tags": [
"iterative"
],
"word": "уму́вам"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*umъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *umъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *umъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "um",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ум",
"roman": "um",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "умове́",
"roman": "umové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "умъ́т",
"roman": "umǎ́t",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "умове́те",
"roman": "umovéte",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "ума́",
"roman": "umá",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"objective",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "умове́те",
"roman": "umovéte",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"objective",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"count-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "у́ма",
"roman": "úma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"count-form",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ум",
"2": "m"
},
"expansion": "ум • (um) m",
"name": "bg-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ум<b>"
},
"name": "bg-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
11,
15
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
8,
10
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
10
]
],
"english": "to have in mind",
"roman": "imam na um",
"text": "имам на ум",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
21,
25
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
23,
25
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
24
]
],
"english": "to come to someone's mind",
"roman": "idva/doižda njakomu na um",
"text": "идва/доижда някому на ум",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
24,
28
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
20,
23
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
19,
22
]
],
"english": "to go through someone's mind",
"roman": "minava njakomu prez uma",
"text": "минава някому през ума",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
17,
21
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
11,
14
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
11,
14
]
],
"english": "to self-reflect",
"literal_meaning": "to collect one's mind",
"roman": "sǎbiram si uma",
"text": "събирам си ума",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
18,
22
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
17,
20
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
16,
19
]
],
"english": "to overawe, to bedazzle",
"literal_meaning": "to turn someone's mind around",
"roman": "zavǎrtam njakomu uma",
"text": "завъртам някому ума",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
17,
21
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
10
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
10
]
],
"english": "to be conscious",
"literal_meaning": "to be with one's mind",
"roman": "bida s uma si",
"text": "бида с ума си",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
6,
10
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
9
]
],
"english": "clear mind",
"roman": "bistǎr um",
"text": "бистър ум",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_english_offsets": [
[
6,
10
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
6,
8
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
8
]
],
"english": "sharp mind",
"roman": "ostǎr um",
"text": "остър ум",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mind, nous (center of mentality)"
],
"links": [
[
"mind",
"mind"
],
[
"nous",
"nous"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ра́зум"
},
{
"word": "акъ́л"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
10,
19
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
7,
9
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
9
]
],
"english": "to think/contemplate over something",
"literal_meaning": "to invest intellect into something",
"roman": "vlagam um v nešto",
"text": "влагам ум в нещо",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
16,
20
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
14,
16
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
13,
15
]
],
"english": "to advice someone",
"literal_meaning": "to give someone wits",
"roman": "davam njakomu um",
"text": "давам някому ум",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_literal_offsets": [
[
10,
16
]
],
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
21,
25
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
24
]
],
"english": "not to comprehend, grasp something",
"literal_meaning": "someone's brains does not hold up something",
"roman": "njakomu ne mu pobira umǎt nešto",
"text": "някому не му побира умът нещо",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"intellect, wits, brains, brainpower, grey cells (capacity for reason and judgement)"
],
"links": [
[
"intellect",
"intellect"
],
[
"wits",
"wits"
],
[
"brains",
"brains"
],
[
"brainpower",
"brainpower"
],
[
"grey cells",
"grey cells"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "интеле́кт"
},
{
"word": "разсъ́дък"
},
{
"word": "ми́съл"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[um]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-um"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"bg:ум"
],
"word": "ум"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ум meaning in Bulgarian (6.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Bulgarian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (9a214a4 and 1b6da77). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.