See струвам in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "prestrúvam se",
"word": "престру́вам се"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "to pretend",
"roman": "prestórvam se",
"word": "престо́рвам се"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "commemoration",
"roman": "strúvane",
"word": "стру́ване"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*struvati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *struvati",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "остроуꙗти",
"3": "",
"4": "to refute"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic остроуꙗти (ostrujati, “to refute”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Per BER, contracted from earlier стору́вам (storúvam, “to do, to make”) < *sъtvorovati. Formally matching Proto-Slavic *struvati would have probably meant “to disperse, to diffuse” (as attested in related causative Old Church Slavonic остроуꙗти (ostrujati, “to refute”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "стру́вам",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "strúvam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective intransitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ващ",
"roman": "strúvašt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вал",
"roman": "strúval",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́л",
"roman": "struvál",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вал",
"roman": "strúval",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вайки",
"roman": "strúvajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ващият",
"roman": "strúvaštijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"present",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́валият",
"roman": "strúvalijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́лият",
"roman": "struválijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вайки",
"roman": "strúvajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ващия",
"roman": "strúvaštija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́валия",
"roman": "strúvalija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́лия",
"roman": "struválija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вайки",
"roman": "strúvajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ваща",
"roman": "strúvašta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вала",
"roman": "strúvala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́ла",
"roman": "struvála",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вала",
"roman": "strúvala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вайки",
"roman": "strúvajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ващата",
"roman": "strúvaštata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́валата",
"roman": "strúvalata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́лата",
"roman": "struválata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вайки",
"roman": "strúvajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ващо",
"roman": "strúvašto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вало",
"roman": "strúvalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́ло",
"roman": "struválo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вало",
"roman": "strúvalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ване",
"roman": "strúvane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вайки",
"roman": "strúvajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ващото",
"roman": "strúvaštoto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́валото",
"roman": "strúvaloto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́лото",
"roman": "struváloto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ването",
"roman": "strúvaneto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вайки",
"roman": "strúvajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ващи",
"roman": "strúvašti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вали",
"roman": "strúvali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́ли",
"roman": "struváli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вали",
"roman": "strúvali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вания",
"roman": "strúvanija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ванета",
"roman": "strúvaneta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вайки",
"roman": "strúvajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ващите",
"roman": "strúvaštite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́валите",
"roman": "strúvalite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́лите",
"roman": "struválite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ванията",
"roman": "strúvanijata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ванетата",
"roman": "strúvanetata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вайки",
"roman": "strúvajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective intransitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вам",
"roman": "strúvam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ваш",
"roman": "strúvaš",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ва",
"roman": "strúva",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ваме",
"roman": "strúvame",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вате",
"roman": "strúvate",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ват",
"roman": "strúvat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вах",
"roman": "strúvah",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ваше",
"roman": "strúvaše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ваше",
"roman": "strúvaše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вахме",
"roman": "strúvahme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вахте",
"roman": "strúvahte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ваха",
"roman": "strúvaha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вах",
"roman": "strúvah",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́х",
"roman": "struváh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ва",
"roman": "strúva",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́",
"roman": "struvá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ва",
"roman": "strúva",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́",
"roman": "struvá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вахме",
"roman": "strúvahme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́хме",
"roman": "struváhme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вахте",
"roman": "strúvahte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́хте",
"roman": "struváhte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ваха",
"roman": "strúvaha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́ха",
"roman": "struváha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "none",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dubitative",
"past",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вай",
"roman": "strúvaj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вайте",
"roman": "strúvajte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "стру́вам",
"2": "impf"
},
"expansion": "стру́вам • (strúvam) first-singular present indicative, impf",
"name": "bg-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "стру́вам<impf.intr>"
},
"name": "bg-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "stórja",
"sense": "творя́ (tvorjá, “to create”)",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "сто́ря"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "to do, to recreate",
"roman": "stórvam",
"sense": "творя́ (tvorjá, “to create”)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "сто́рвам"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[I] spend effort/labour to ...",
"roman": "strúvam trud da ...",
"text": "стру́вам труд да ...",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "To do this and that ~ To try all sorts of methods.",
"roman": "Právja-strúvam.",
"text": "Пра́вя-стру́вам. (idiom)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Can't hurt a fly. (literally, “[One] makes path to an ant.”)",
"roman": "Na mrávkata pǎt strúva.",
"text": "На мра́вката път стру́ва. (proverb)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to devote, to invest, to spend (effort, resources)"
],
"id": "en-струвам-bg-verb-8AMtRw1c",
"links": [
[
"devote",
"devote"
],
[
"invest",
"invest"
],
[
"spend",
"spend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolescent) to devote, to invest, to spend (effort, resources)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "пра́вя"
},
{
"word": "чиня́"
},
{
"word": "вла́гам"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"possibly",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The bread costs two levas.",
"roman": "Hljábǎt strúva dvá léva.",
"text": "Хля́бът стру́ва двá ле́ва.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "This job costs me a lot of nerves (i.e. stress).",
"roman": "Tázi rábota mi strúva mnógo nérvi.",
"text": "Та́зи ра́бота ми стру́ва мно́го не́рви.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to cost, to demand charge, to be worth"
],
"id": "en-струвам-bg-verb-t6qpgH2o",
"links": [
[
"cost",
"cost"
],
[
"demand",
"demand"
],
[
"worth",
"worth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(standard) to cost, to demand charge, to be worth"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ко́ствам"
},
{
"word": "чи́ня"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "вре́дя"
}
],
"tags": [
"standard"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "it seems to me, that ...",
"roman": "strúva mi se, če ...",
"text": "стру́ва ми се, че ...",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "how do I look to you?",
"roman": "kak ti se strúvam?",
"text": "как ти се стру́вам?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to seem, to look, to appear"
],
"id": "en-струвам-bg-verb-9XXhafUb",
"links": [
[
"се",
"се#Bulgarian"
],
[
"seem",
"seem"
],
[
"look",
"look"
],
[
"appear",
"appear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with се) to seem, to look, to appear"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with се"
],
"tags": [
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to be worth"
],
"id": "en-струвам-bg-verb-TSXRS4NM",
"links": [
[
"worth",
"worth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(impersonal) to be worth"
],
"tags": [
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 5 4 4 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 6 7 6 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 4 5 80",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The end result is worth the efforts.",
"roman": "Krájnijat rezultát si strúva usílijata.",
"text": "Кра́йният резулта́т си стру́ва уси́лията.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be worth it"
],
"id": "en-струвам-bg-verb-olcDF8t9",
"links": [
[
"си",
"си#Bulgarian"
],
[
"worth",
"worth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with си, impersonal) to be worth it"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with си"
],
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈstruvɐm]"
}
],
"word": "струвам"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian conjugation 3 verbs",
"Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bulgarian imperfective verbs",
"Bulgarian intransitive verbs",
"Bulgarian lemmas",
"Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Bulgarian verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "prestrúvam se",
"word": "престру́вам се"
},
{
"english": "to pretend",
"roman": "prestórvam se",
"word": "престо́рвам се"
},
{
"english": "commemoration",
"roman": "strúvane",
"word": "стру́ване"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*struvati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *struvati",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "остроуꙗти",
"3": "",
"4": "to refute"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic остроуꙗти (ostrujati, “to refute”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Per BER, contracted from earlier стору́вам (storúvam, “to do, to make”) < *sъtvorovati. Formally matching Proto-Slavic *struvati would have probably meant “to disperse, to diffuse” (as attested in related causative Old Church Slavonic остроуꙗти (ostrujati, “to refute”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "стру́вам",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "strúvam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective intransitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ващ",
"roman": "strúvašt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вал",
"roman": "strúval",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́л",
"roman": "struvál",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вал",
"roman": "strúval",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вайки",
"roman": "strúvajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"masculine",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ващият",
"roman": "strúvaštijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"present",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́валият",
"roman": "strúvalijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́лият",
"roman": "struválijat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вайки",
"roman": "strúvajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"masculine",
"participle",
"subjective"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ващия",
"roman": "strúvaštija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́валия",
"roman": "strúvalija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́лия",
"roman": "struválija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вайки",
"roman": "strúvajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"masculine",
"objective",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ваща",
"roman": "strúvašta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вала",
"roman": "strúvala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́ла",
"roman": "struvála",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вала",
"roman": "strúvala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вайки",
"roman": "strúvajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"feminine",
"indefinite",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ващата",
"roman": "strúvaštata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́валата",
"roman": "strúvalata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́лата",
"roman": "struválata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"feminine",
"imperfect",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вайки",
"roman": "strúvajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"feminine",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ващо",
"roman": "strúvašto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вало",
"roman": "strúvalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́ло",
"roman": "struválo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вало",
"roman": "strúvalo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ване",
"roman": "strúvane",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вайки",
"roman": "strúvajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"neuter",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ващото",
"roman": "strúvaštoto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́валото",
"roman": "strúvaloto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́лото",
"roman": "struváloto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"neuter",
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ването",
"roman": "strúvaneto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"neuter",
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вайки",
"roman": "strúvajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"neuter",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ващи",
"roman": "strúvašti",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вали",
"roman": "strúvali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́ли",
"roman": "struváli",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вали",
"roman": "strúvali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вания",
"roman": "strúvanija",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ванета",
"roman": "strúvaneta",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вайки",
"roman": "strúvajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"indefinite",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ващите",
"roman": "strúvaštite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"participle",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́валите",
"roman": "strúvalite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́лите",
"roman": "struválite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"aorist",
"definite",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"active",
"definite",
"imperfect",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"participle",
"passive",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ванията",
"roman": "strúvanijata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ванетата",
"roman": "strúvanetata",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"definite",
"noun-from-verb",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вайки",
"roman": "strúvajki",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"definite",
"participle",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective intransitive",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вам",
"roman": "strúvam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ваш",
"roman": "strúvaš",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ва",
"roman": "strúva",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ваме",
"roman": "strúvame",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вате",
"roman": "strúvate",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ват",
"roman": "strúvat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вах",
"roman": "strúvah",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ваше",
"roman": "strúvaše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ваше",
"roman": "strúvaše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вахме",
"roman": "strúvahme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вахте",
"roman": "strúvahte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ваха",
"roman": "strúvaha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вах",
"roman": "strúvah",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́х",
"roman": "struváh",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ва",
"roman": "strúva",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́",
"roman": "struvá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ва",
"roman": "strúva",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́",
"roman": "struvá",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вахме",
"roman": "strúvahme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́хме",
"roman": "struváhme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вахте",
"roman": "strúvahte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́хте",
"roman": "struváhte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́ваха",
"roman": "strúvaha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "струва́ха",
"roman": "struváha",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"aorist",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "none",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"dubitative",
"past",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вай",
"roman": "strúvaj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "стру́вайте",
"roman": "strúvajte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "стру́вам",
"2": "impf"
},
"expansion": "стру́вам • (strúvam) first-singular present indicative, impf",
"name": "bg-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "стру́вам<impf.intr>"
},
"name": "bg-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"roman": "stórja",
"sense": "творя́ (tvorjá, “to create”)",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "сто́ря"
},
{
"english": "to do, to recreate",
"roman": "stórvam",
"sense": "творя́ (tvorjá, “to create”)",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "сто́рвам"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples",
"Bulgarian transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[I] spend effort/labour to ...",
"roman": "strúvam trud da ...",
"text": "стру́вам труд да ...",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "To do this and that ~ To try all sorts of methods.",
"roman": "Právja-strúvam.",
"text": "Пра́вя-стру́вам. (idiom)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Can't hurt a fly. (literally, “[One] makes path to an ant.”)",
"roman": "Na mrávkata pǎt strúva.",
"text": "На мра́вката път стру́ва. (proverb)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to devote, to invest, to spend (effort, resources)"
],
"links": [
[
"devote",
"devote"
],
[
"invest",
"invest"
],
[
"spend",
"spend"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, obsolescent) to devote, to invest, to spend (effort, resources)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "пра́вя"
},
{
"word": "чиня́"
},
{
"word": "вла́гам"
}
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"possibly",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The bread costs two levas.",
"roman": "Hljábǎt strúva dvá léva.",
"text": "Хля́бът стру́ва двá ле́ва.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "This job costs me a lot of nerves (i.e. stress).",
"roman": "Tázi rábota mi strúva mnógo nérvi.",
"text": "Та́зи ра́бота ми стру́ва мно́го не́рви.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to cost, to demand charge, to be worth"
],
"links": [
[
"cost",
"cost"
],
[
"demand",
"demand"
],
[
"worth",
"worth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(standard) to cost, to demand charge, to be worth"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ко́ствам"
},
{
"word": "чи́ня"
},
{
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "вре́дя"
}
],
"tags": [
"standard"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian reflexive verbs",
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "it seems to me, that ...",
"roman": "strúva mi se, če ...",
"text": "стру́ва ми се, че ...",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "how do I look to you?",
"roman": "kak ti se strúvam?",
"text": "как ти се стру́вам?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to seem, to look, to appear"
],
"links": [
[
"се",
"се#Bulgarian"
],
[
"seem",
"seem"
],
[
"look",
"look"
],
[
"appear",
"appear"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with се) to seem, to look, to appear"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with се"
],
"tags": [
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian impersonal verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to be worth"
],
"links": [
[
"worth",
"worth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(impersonal) to be worth"
],
"tags": [
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian impersonal verbs",
"Bulgarian reflexive verbs",
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The end result is worth the efforts.",
"roman": "Krájnijat rezultát si strúva usílijata.",
"text": "Кра́йният резулта́т си стру́ва уси́лията.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be worth it"
],
"links": [
[
"си",
"си#Bulgarian"
],
[
"worth",
"worth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with си, impersonal) to be worth it"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with си"
],
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈstruvɐm]"
}
],
"word": "струвам"
}
Download raw JSONL data for струвам meaning in Bulgarian (17.5kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: струвам/Bulgarian '-' base_tags={'m', 'first-person', 'i', 'p', 't', 'conditional', 'imperative', 'singular', 'a', 'c', 'n', 'f', 'e', 's', 'v', 'r'}",
"path": [
"струвам"
],
"section": "Bulgarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "струвам",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: струвам/Bulgarian '-' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'm', 'i', 'p', 't', 'conditional', 'imperative', 'third-person', 'singular', 'a', 'c', 'n', 'f', 'e', 's', 'v', 'r'}",
"path": [
"струвам"
],
"section": "Bulgarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "струвам",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: струвам/Bulgarian '-' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'm', 'first-person', 'i', 'p', 't', 'conditional', 'imperative', 'a', 'c', 'n', 'plural', 'f', 'e', 's', 'v', 'r'}",
"path": [
"струвам"
],
"section": "Bulgarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "струвам",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: струвам/Bulgarian '-' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'm', 'i', 'p', 't', 'conditional', 'imperative', 'third-person', 'a', 'c', 'n', 'plural', 'f', 'e', 's', 'v', 'r'}",
"path": [
"струвам"
],
"section": "Bulgarian",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "струвам",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Bulgarian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.