"কঠোর" meaning in Bengali

See কঠোর in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /kɔt̪ʰaɾ/ (note: Rarh), [ˈkɔt̪ʰaɾ] (note: Rarh), /kɔt̪ʰaɹ/ (note: Dhaka), [ˈkɔt̪ʰaɹ] (note: Dhaka) Forms: koṭhōr [romanization], আরও কঠোর [comparative], সবচেয়ে কঠোর [superlative]
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Sanskrit কঠোর (kaṭhora). Compare Assamese কঠোৰ (kothür), Odia କଠୋର (kaṭhora), Hindustani کٹھور / कठोर (kaṭhor). Doublet of কঠিন (koṭhin). Etymology templates: {{lbor+|bn|sa|कठोर|কঠোর}} Learned borrowing from Sanskrit কঠোর (kaṭhora), {{cog|as|কঠোৰ}} Assamese কঠোৰ (kothür), {{cog|or|କଠୋର}} Odia କଠୋର (kaṭhora), {{cog|inc-hnd|-}} Hindustani, {{doublet|bn|কঠিন}} Doublet of কঠিন (koṭhin) Head templates: {{head|bn|adjective|comparative|আরও কঠোর|superlative|সবচেয়ে কঠোর|||||head=|sort=|tr=}} কঠোর • (koṭhōr) (comparative আরও কঠোর, superlative সবচেয়ে কঠোর), {{bn-adj}} কঠোর • (koṭhōr) (comparative আরও কঠোর, superlative সবচেয়ে কঠোর)
  1. firm, stiff Synonyms: কঠিন, শক্ত
    Sense id: en-কঠোর-bn-adj-j2JAXCyU
  2. harsh, stern, severe, strict Synonyms: কঠিন, উগ্র, অত্যুগ্র, কটকটে
    Sense id: en-কঠোর-bn-adj-vNJu0Qrx
  3. unflinching
    Sense id: en-কঠোর-bn-adj-BMQHIYh6 Categories (other): Bengali entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Bengali entries with incorrect language header: 21 19 54 6 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 15 11 67 7 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 10 8 76 6
  4. cruel, heartless Synonyms: কঠিন, হৃদয়হীন, অকরুণ, অরবু
    Sense id: en-কঠোর-bn-adj-D7gWqJeg
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: কঠোরতা (koṭhōrota)
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "koṭhōrota",
      "word": "কঠোরতা"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bn",
        "2": "sa",
        "3": "कठोर",
        "4": "কঠোর"
      },
      "expansion": "Learned borrowing from Sanskrit কঠোর (kaṭhora)",
      "name": "lbor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "as",
        "2": "কঠোৰ"
      },
      "expansion": "Assamese কঠোৰ (kothür)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "or",
        "2": "କଠୋର"
      },
      "expansion": "Odia କଠୋର (kaṭhora)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "inc-hnd",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Hindustani",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bn",
        "2": "কঠিন"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of কঠিন (koṭhin)",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Sanskrit কঠোর (kaṭhora). Compare Assamese কঠোৰ (kothür), Odia କଠୋର (kaṭhora), Hindustani کٹھور / कठोर (kaṭhor). Doublet of কঠিন (koṭhin).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "koṭhōr",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "আরও কঠোর",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "সবচেয়ে কঠোর",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bn",
        "10": "",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "comparative",
        "4": "আরও কঠোর",
        "5": "superlative",
        "6": "সবচেয়ে কঠোর",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "কঠোর • (koṭhōr) (comparative আরও কঠোর, superlative সবচেয়ে কঠোর)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "কঠোর • (koṭhōr) (comparative আরও কঠোর, superlative সবচেয়ে কঠোর)",
      "name": "bn-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Bengali",
  "lang_code": "bn",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "firm, stiff"
      ],
      "id": "en-কঠোর-bn-adj-j2JAXCyU",
      "links": [
        [
          "firm",
          "firm"
        ],
        [
          "stiff",
          "stiff"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "কঠিন"
        },
        {
          "word": "শক্ত"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "harsh, stern, severe, strict"
      ],
      "id": "en-কঠোর-bn-adj-vNJu0Qrx",
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "stern",
          "stern"
        ],
        [
          "severe",
          "severe"
        ],
        [
          "strict",
          "strict"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "কঠিন"
        },
        {
          "word": "উগ্র"
        },
        {
          "word": "অত্যুগ্র"
        },
        {
          "word": "কটকটে"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "21 19 54 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Bengali entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 11 67 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 8 76 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "unflinching"
      ],
      "id": "en-কঠোর-bn-adj-BMQHIYh6",
      "links": [
        [
          "unflinching",
          "unflinching"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cruel, heartless"
      ],
      "id": "en-কঠোর-bn-adj-D7gWqJeg",
      "links": [
        [
          "cruel",
          "cruel"
        ],
        [
          "heartless",
          "heartless"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "কঠিন"
        },
        {
          "word": "হৃদয়হীন"
        },
        {
          "word": "অকরুণ"
        },
        {
          "word": "অরবু"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔt̪ʰaɾ/",
      "note": "Rarh"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkɔt̪ʰaɾ]",
      "note": "Rarh"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔt̪ʰaɹ/",
      "note": "Dhaka"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkɔt̪ʰaɹ]",
      "note": "Dhaka"
    }
  ],
  "word": "কঠোর"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Bengali adjectives",
    "Bengali doublets",
    "Bengali entries with incorrect language header",
    "Bengali learned borrowings from Sanskrit",
    "Bengali lemmas",
    "Bengali terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
    "Bengali terms derived from Sanskrit",
    "Bengali terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "koṭhōrota",
      "word": "কঠোরতা"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bn",
        "2": "sa",
        "3": "कठोर",
        "4": "কঠোর"
      },
      "expansion": "Learned borrowing from Sanskrit কঠোর (kaṭhora)",
      "name": "lbor+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "as",
        "2": "কঠোৰ"
      },
      "expansion": "Assamese কঠোৰ (kothür)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "or",
        "2": "କଠୋର"
      },
      "expansion": "Odia କଠୋର (kaṭhora)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "inc-hnd",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Hindustani",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bn",
        "2": "কঠিন"
      },
      "expansion": "Doublet of কঠিন (koṭhin)",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Sanskrit কঠোর (kaṭhora). Compare Assamese কঠোৰ (kothür), Odia କଠୋର (kaṭhora), Hindustani کٹھور / कठोर (kaṭhor). Doublet of কঠিন (koṭhin).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "koṭhōr",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "আরও কঠোর",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "সবচেয়ে কঠোর",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bn",
        "10": "",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "comparative",
        "4": "আরও কঠোর",
        "5": "superlative",
        "6": "সবচেয়ে কঠোর",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "কঠোর • (koṭhōr) (comparative আরও কঠোর, superlative সবচেয়ে কঠোর)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "কঠোর • (koṭhōr) (comparative আরও কঠোর, superlative সবচেয়ে কঠোর)",
      "name": "bn-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Bengali",
  "lang_code": "bn",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "firm, stiff"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "firm",
          "firm"
        ],
        [
          "stiff",
          "stiff"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "কঠিন"
        },
        {
          "word": "শক্ত"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "harsh, stern, severe, strict"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "stern",
          "stern"
        ],
        [
          "severe",
          "severe"
        ],
        [
          "strict",
          "strict"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "কঠিন"
        },
        {
          "word": "উগ্র"
        },
        {
          "word": "অত্যুগ্র"
        },
        {
          "word": "কটকটে"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "unflinching"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "unflinching",
          "unflinching"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "cruel, heartless"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cruel",
          "cruel"
        ],
        [
          "heartless",
          "heartless"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "কঠিন"
        },
        {
          "word": "হৃদয়হীন"
        },
        {
          "word": "অকরুণ"
        },
        {
          "word": "অরবু"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔt̪ʰaɾ/",
      "note": "Rarh"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkɔt̪ʰaɾ]",
      "note": "Rarh"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɔt̪ʰaɹ/",
      "note": "Dhaka"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkɔt̪ʰaɹ]",
      "note": "Dhaka"
    }
  ],
  "word": "কঠোর"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Bengali dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d6bf104 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.